The fast-food (FF) industry and obesity rates have rapidly increased in China. This study examined the FF industry growth in China, key factors contributing to the growth, and the association between FF consumption (FFC) and obesity. We collected related data from multiple sources and conducted analysis including linear regression analysis on the increase in FF revenue. It was found that FF industry in China is large, with over two million FF facilities. Its total revenue (in million US$) increased from 10,464 in 1999 to 94,218 in 2013, and by 13% annually since 2008. Increased income, urbanization, busier lifestyle, speedy FF service, assurance of food safety, new brands and foods have stimulated demand for FF. Studies have linked FFC with obesity risk, including a few reporting a positive association between FFC and obesity in China. Rapid expansion of Western-style FF restaurants has also stimulated local FF industry growth. Government regulation and public health education need to address the health consequences of rapidly increasing FFC. Lessons learned in China will help other countries.

Esta investigación consiste en evaluar la relación de la variable gamificación con las variables de satisfacción y engagement; de tal manera que podamos determinar la significancia de estas. La investigación en cuestión se hizo a través de una encuesta virtual, de 4 semanas aproximadamente, a los jóvenes que participen activamente en las acciones de gamificación del sector de fast food. Luego de ello, pudimos desarrollar una regresión lineal simple en donde se pudo determinar la significancia de estas variables y la importancia de ellas en el mercado peruano. / This research consists of being able to evaluate the relationship of the gamification variable with the satisfaction and engagement variables; in such a way that we can determine the significance of those variables. This research was carried out through a virtual survey, of approximately 4 weeks, to young people who actively participate in the gamification actions of the fast food sector. After that, we were able to develop a simple linear regression where the significance of these variables and their importance in the Peruvian market could be determined. / Trabajo de investigación

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El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado. / The turnover rate of personnel in companies in the service sector is approximately 10%. In Peru, this figure is above 15%, which generates high cost overruns for organizations. Companies with the highest turnover are the service companies, and the operational staff is regarded the key factor of these organizations. Previous research has been carried out on this issue, and the solutions are models with the objective of retaining employees, using Employer Branding, Endomarketing, and Talent Management techniques. However, for this study, a model based on the combination of these techniques was designed and applied. Thus, it is intended that the model managed to meet the concerns raised and to reduce costs in companies. The model was applied in a company in the fast food sector, aiming the frontline/operational personnel of the organization. The results showed that an agile recruitment process and development of personnel training significantly reduces high rates of personnel turnover and the costs presented by this. Additionally, it is proven that the leadership of store managers plays an important role in increasing employee satisfaction and commitment within the organization.

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The intent of this research is to examine the relationship of corporate fast food and health within the context of gender. It tests the hypothesis that Western perceptions of masculinity and femininity inform a differentiated pattern of food preference, which will correlate with health as measured by Body Mass Index (BMI). The targeted sample population for the study is the undergraduate community of the University of Central Florida, and fast food is a chosen dietary medium because it is an increasingly ubiquitous source of caloric energy in the American foodscape, representative of the mass production model applied to cuisine in Western nations. Data regarding fast food consumption habits were collected via survey producing a sample size of n=165 (n=116 females, n=49 males). Statistical analysis applied to this data yields conflicting results. While no gender based food preference is demonstrated, a correlation between BMI and frequency of consumption can be established. This suggests a genderdifferentiated preference for fast food in general, if not for specific food items. From this sample, respondents were interviewed (n=14 females, n=8 males). Analysis of these interviews reveals an acute awareness by females of the connection between diet and health that is not reflected by males. Whether this perceived difference is based on an actual disparity of health education or a willingness to express this knowledge, it indicates a discrepancy which is likely attributable to cultural influences. While this study does not reveal gender-based differences in perception of specific foods, it does suggest disproportionate consumption patterns within genders which reflect distinct and contrasting cultural expectations in the U.S.

Background: Youth consume high volumes of fast food, putting them at risk for poor diet, weight gain and several noncommunicable diseases. Fast food marketing can affect youth's food-related behaviours and has been identified as a determinant of excess weight and obesity. The aim of this research is to examine the relationship between exposure to fast food marketing and the fast food brand preferences and intake amongst youth aged 10-17 across six countries. Methods: The International Food Policy Study youth survey collects data on dietary patterns and behaviours amongst youth aged 10-17 living in six countries. Data on fast food marketing exposure, brand preferences and intake were compared using regression models adjusted for age, sex, income adequacy and ethnicity. Results: Exposure to fast food marketing was positively associated with both brand preferences and fast food intake across most countries. Brand preferences were consistently high across all countries when exposed to brand-specific marketing. Fast food intake was higher amongst ethnic minority respondents than ethnic majority respondents and amongst males compared to females. Conclusion: Fast food marketing is consistently associated with brand preferences and intake across all countries investigated, which points to the need for stringent government regulation to reduce unhealthy food marketing to youth in all 6 countries.

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No / This paper focuses on the employment practices of both multinational corporations (MNCs) and large national competitors in the German fast‐food industry, such as Burger King, Pizza Hut, Nordsee, McDonald’s, Churrasco and Blockhaus. The paper poses a number of questions. Have the activities of MNCs affected the employment practices of national companies? Are companies adopting union exclusion policies and if so why and to what extent? Does the “country of origin effect” help explain the activities of MNCs? What changes are evident in workers’ terms and conditions and how effective are statutory systems of employee representation in practice? The findings suggest that Anglo‐Saxon‐based MNCs are more likely to adopt anti‐works council and non‐union policies in the sector, suggesting that MNCs may indeed be able to transfer their management practices across borders, imposing their employer‐based systems with little regard for German institutional arrangements.

No / The McDonald's Corporation is not only the largest system-wide sales service in the world, it is a phenomenon in its own right, and is now recognized as the most famous brand in the world. By providing a detailed analysis of the extent to which the McDonald's Corporation adapts or imposes its labour relations policies in Europe, this volume represents a real life case study revealing the interaction between a global multi-national enterprise and the regulatory systems of a number of different European countries. Key features include: an overview of the McDonald's Corporation's development and structure; an analysis of its corporate culture and the issues of franchising; an examination of key union strategies, including systems of co-determination, consultation and collective-bargaining; and a chapter dealing specifically with European legislation, in particular the McDonald's European Works Council. The author systematically analyses the conflict between the McDonald's Corporation and the industrial relations systems of the European countries within which it operates, and exposes this conflict as an 'unequal struggle' between economic liberalism and collectivism.