Thesis advisor: John E. Ebel / Large magnitude offshore passive margin earthquakes are rare, making small magnitude events (M < 4) the predominant data available to study the mechanisms of seismicity along passive margins. This study is focused on a swarm of events (M2.1-M3.9) that occurred from 2012-2013 located in the Gulf of Maine (GM) along the Atlantic Passive Margin (APM) shelf break, a region with previously minimal recorded seismic activity. Relative locations were calculated for the earthquakes of the GM swarm and a moment tensor inversion method was used to calculate focal mechanisms for the two largest events in the swarm. The results of the relative location method constrained a fault orientation to a strike of 243° ± 3° and a dip of 25° ± 3°. The focal mechanisms for the two largest events were determined to be oblique normal faults with steeply dipping planes at depths between 12-18 km. For the largest event (M3.9), the strike is 235° ± 1°, with a dip of 77.7° ± .8° and a rake of -116.5° ± 3°, and for the second largest event (M3.7) the strike is 259° ± 3°, with a dip of 78° ± 2° and a rake of -58.8° ± 7°. By mapping the spatial extent of the relative hypocenters, I infer a potential fault size of 2.7 km by 2.4 km. If this entire area were to rupture at once in the future, an earthquake of M4.9-M5.0 could occur, a magnitude not large enough to be tsunamigenic in the GM. Based on Gutenberg-Richter relations from the eastern APM, if a M7 can occur in the GM, its estimated mean repeat time is 2,120-22,800 years, and it could be tsunamigenic depending on the event’s proximity to the continental slope. / Thesis (MS) — Boston College, 2016. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Earth and Environmental Sciences.

Microearthquake (< M3.0) swarms occur frequently in volcanic environments, but do not always culminate in an eruption. Such non-eruptive swarms may be caused by stresses induced by magma intrusion, hydrothermal fluid circulation, or regional tectonic processes, such as slow-slip earthquakes. Strandline Lake, located 30 km northeast of Mount Spurr volcano in south-central Alaska, experienced an intense earthquake swarm between August 1996 and August 1998. The Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO) catalog indicates that a total of 2,999 earthquakes were detected during the swarm period, with a maximum magnitude of Mw 3.1 and a depth range of 0-30 km below sea level (with the majority of catalog hypocenters located between 5-10 km BSL). The cumulative seismic moment of the swarm was 2.03e15 N-m, equivalent to a cumulative magnitude of Mw 4.2. Because of the swarm's distance from the nearest Holocene volcanic vent, seismic monitoring was poor and gas and GPS data do not exist for the swarm period. However, combined waveforms from a dense seismic network on Mount Spurr and from several regional seismic stations allow reanalysis of the swarm earthquakes. I first developed a new 1-D velocity model for the Strandline Lake region by re-picking and inverting precise arrival times for 27 large Strandline Lake earthquakes. The new velocity model reduced the average RMS for these earthquakes from 0.16 to 0.11s, and the average horizontal and vertical location errors from 3.3 to 2.5 km and 4.7 to 3.0 km, respectively. Depths of the 27 earthquakes ranged from 10.5 to 22.1 km with an average depth of 16.6 km. A moderately high b-value of 1.33 was determined for the swarm period, possibly indicative of magmatic activity. However, a similarly high b-value of 1.25 was calculated for the background period. 28 well-constrained fault plane solutions for both swarm and background earthquakes indicate a diverse mixture of strike-slip, dip-slip, and reverse faulting beneath Strandline Lake. Finally, five Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) images spanning the swarm period unambiguously show no evidence of surface deformation. While a shallow volcanic intrusion appears to be an unlikely cause of the Strandline Lake swarm based on the new well-constrained earthquake depths and the absence of strong surface deformation, the depth range of 10.5 to 22.1 km BSL for relocated earthquakes and the high degree of FPS heterogeneity for this swarm are similar to an earthquake swarm beneath Lake Tahoe, California in 2003 caused by a deep intrusion near the base of the crust (Smith et al, 2004). This similarity suggests that a deep crustal magmatic intrusion could have occurred beneath the Strandline Lake area in 1996-1998 and may have been responsible for the resulting microearthquake activity.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(理学) / 甲第18082号 / 理博第3960号 / 新制||理||1571(附属図書館) / 30940 / 京都大学大学院理学研究科地球惑星科学専攻 / (主査)教授 飯尾 能久, 教授 平原 和朗, 教授 福田 洋一 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Science / Kyoto University / DGAM

Presented in this thesis are some basic concepts and applications of seismic hazard analysis and the elements that influence the amplitude and geometric attenuation of earthquake ground motion. This thesis centers on the identification of the styles of failure, focal mechanisms, and the state of regional stress in the study area. Seismic hazard is a complex problem often involving considerable uncertainties. Therefore it is reasonable to consider different seismic hazard analysis approaches in order to as robustly as possible define zones of different levels of hazard. With the aim of characterizing and quantifying hazard in the east African region of Eritrea and its surroundings, a study is included in the thesis presenting hazard maps constructed using two non-parametric probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) approaches. Peak ground acceleration (PGA) values for 10% probability of exceedence in 50 years are computed at given grid points for the whole selected area and results from both methods are compared. Other aspects addressed in the thesis include the determination of source parameters of selected earthquakes that occur in the Afar region. The styles of faulting, the mechanisms involved during the rupture process and the states of stress along the major tectonic features are also highlighted. Source parameters for selected events in the region were re-evaluated and improved solutions obtained. An aftershock sequence in the Hengill volcanic area in SW Iceland, following the major event that occurred on June 4, 1998, was used to investigate improved methodologies for moment tensor using a relative approach. The sensitive and spatially dense seismic network in this area reveals large sets of clustered events allowing the power of the new methodology to be demonstrated and providing greater insight into the tectonic implications of the activity in the area.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-13T17:08:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 HelenoCLN.pdf: 2214181 bytes, checksum: 4b9d5dbc7db9006737b75bcf1a77385e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-03-06 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / In this dissertation we studied the seismic activity in the S?o Caetano county, Pernambuco State, Northeastern Brazil, located near the Pernambuco Lineament. The Pernambuco Lineament is a one of Neoproterozoic continental-scale shear zones that deforms the Borborema province. The seismicity estudied occurred in a NE trending branch of Pernambuco Lineament. The seismic activity in S?o Caetano started in 2006 and in May 20th, 2006 a 4,0 mb earthquake hit there. This was the largest earthquake ever reported in Pernambuco State. This dissertation is the result of a campaign done in the period from Februay 1th 2007 to July 31 th 2007. In this campaign up to nine three-component digital seismographic stations were deployed and the collected data was used to determine hypocenters and focal mechanism. A total of 214 earthquakes, recorded at least by three stations, were analyzed. To determine hypocenters and time origin the HYPO71 program was used assuming a half-space model with parameters : VP (P-wave velocity) equal to 5.90 km/s and the ratio VP/VS 1.70, where VS is the S-wave velocity. The earthquakes hypocentral distribution was approximately 4 km long and agrees with the NE-SW direction of the Pernambuco Lineamento branch. Hypocentres depth range from 2 to 8 km. The composed focal mechanism was made from a group of 14 selected earthquakes. We try firstly to find the fault plane solution matching the polarity distribution at stations, using the FPFIT program. The result was 43 deg ? 15 deg for strike, 59 deg ? 9 deg for dip and -142 deg ? 15 deg for rake. We also fitted a plane using the hypocentral distribution to obtain the dip and azimuth of the hypocentral distribution. The results obtained by this fit were 58 deg for the azimuth, 55 deg for the dip and -155 deg for rake. This result shows a mechanism of a strike-slip dextral fault with a normal component. This dissertation shows, once more, that there is a good correlation between the seismic activity and geological features in the region near the Pernambuco Lineament and its NE branches / Nesta disserta??o foi estudada a atividade s?smica no munic?pio de S?o Caetano, estado de Pernambuco, Nordeste brasileiro, localizado pr?ximo ao Lineamento Pernambuco. O Lineamento Pernambuco ? uma zona de cisalhamento Neoproteroz?ica de escala continental que deforma a prov?ncia Borborema. A sismicidade estudada ocorreu numa ramifica??o para nordeste do Lineamento Pernambuco. A atividade s?smica em S?o Caetano iniciou em 2006 e no dia 20/05/2007 ocorreu, neste munic?pio, um sismo de magnitude 4,0 mb. Este ? o sismo de maior magnitude que ocorreu no estado de Pernambuco. Este trabalho ? decorrente da an?lise de dados coletados durante o per?odo de monitoramento na regi?o que foi de 01/02/2007 at? 21/07/2007. Nesse monitoramento foi utilizado de seis at? nove esta??es sismogr?ficas digitais. Os dados coletados por essas esta??es foram analisados, objetivando a determina??o dos hipocentros e do mecanismo focal composto. Foram utilizados 214 sismos, registrados em pelo menos tr?s esta??es. Na determina??o hipocentral, foi utilizado o programa HYPO71, assumindo-se um modelo de semi-espa?o, com os par?metros: velocidade da onda P (VP) e raz?o VP/VS, respectivamente, 5,90 km/s e 1,70. Os hipocentros dos sismos ocorridos na regi?o deste estudo acompanham uma ramifica??o para nordeste do Lineamento Pernambuco e possui aproximadamente 4km de extens?o e profundidade variando entre 2 at? 8 km. O mecanismo focal composto foi feito para um conjunto de 14 sismos selecionados. N?s primeiramente tentamos encontrar a solu??o do plano de falha considerando apenas a distribui??o de polaridades utilizando o programa FPFIT. Os resultados foram: 43? ? 15? para o azimute, 59? ? 9? para o mergulho e -142? ? 15? para o rake. N?s tamb?m ajustamos o plano usando a distribui??o hipocentral. Os resultados obtidos foram: 58? para o azimute, 55? para o mergulho, O valor do rake foi fixado em -155?. Este resultado mostra um mecanismo de uma falha transcorrente dextral com uma componente normal. Esta disserta??o mostra, mais uma vez, que existe uma boa correla??o entre a sismicidade e falhas mapeadas na regi?o pr?xima ao Lineamento Pernambuco e suas ramifica??es para nordeste

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-13T17:08:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GeorgeSLAF.pdf: 2410781 bytes, checksum: 6ab634dc538d6826e3c66393e3ca3803 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1999-07-12 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The Tucunduba Dam, is west of Fortaleza, Cear? State. The seismic monitoring of the area, with an analogical station and seven digital stations, had beginning on June 11, 1997. The digital stations, operated from June to November 1997. The data collected in the period of digital monitoring was analyzed for determination of hypocenters, focal mechanisms, and shear-wave anisotropy analysis. For determination of hypocenters, it was possible to find an active zone of nearly 1 km in length, with depth between 4.5 and 5.2 km. A 60&#61616;AZ/88&#61616;SE fault plane was determined using the least-squares method and hypocenters of a selected set of 16 earthquakes recorded. Focal mechanisms were determined, in the composite fault plane solution, a strike-slip fault, trending nearly E-W, was found. Single fault plane solutions were obteined to some earthquakes presented mean values of 65&#61616; (azimuth), and 80&#61616; (dip). Shear-wave anisotropy was found in the data. Polarization directions and travel time delays, between S spliting waves, were determined. It was not possible to obtain any conclusion on the cause of the observed anisotropy. It is not clear if there is correlation between seismicity and mapped faults in the area, although the directions obtained starting from the hipocentros and focal mechanism are they are consistent with directions, observed in the area, photo, topographic and fractures directions observed in the area / o A?ude Tucunduba est? localizado no munic?pio de Senador S?, a aproximadamente 290 km a oeste de Fortaleza - CE. O monitorarnento s?smico da regi?o, por meio de urna rede sismogr?fica local, teve in?cio em 11 de junho de 1997, logo ap?s a ocorr?ncia de um evento com magnitude 3,2 mb, no dia 09 de junho de 1997. O monitorarnento foi realizado com uma esta??o anal?gica (utilizada na determina??o da magnitude com a dura??o e na contagem do n?mero de eventos por dia), e sete esta??es digitais. As esta??es digitais, com tr?s componentes cada, operaram no per?odo de junho a novembro de 1997. Neste trabalho foram analisados os dados coletados pelas esta??es digitais objetivando a determina??o de hipocentros, mecanismos focais e an?lise de anisotropia s?smica. Na determina??o hipocentral utilizou-se o programa HYPO71, com o modelo de semiespa?o, de par?metros iguais a 5,95, para a velocidade da onda P, e 1,69, para a raz?o Entre as velocidades das ondas P e S. Dessa forma, foi poss?vel detectar urna zona ativa, de aproximadamente 1 km de extens?o e profundidade variando de 4,5 a 5,2 km. Com um conjunto de 16 sismos, registrados na mesmas seis esta??es, foi determinado um plano de falha a partir dos hipocentros, pelo m?todo dos m?nimos quadrados, obtendo-se os valores de 60? para o azimute e 88? para o mergulho. A determina??o de mecanismos focais foi feita de duas formas distintas, utilizando-se os programas FPFIT e FOCMEC. Na solu??o do mecanismo composto (FPFIT), encontrou-se uma falha de dire??o aproximadamente E-W (265? para o azimute, 88? para o mergulho), transcorrente, sinistral, com componente normal.Foram determinados v?rios mecanismos individuais (FOCMEC), tendo-se obtido um valor m?dio de 65? para o azimute e 80? para o mergulho. Estimativas preliminares do esfor?o horizontal m?ximo, a partir da dire??o do eixo P, n?o s?o concordantes com valores anteriormente obtidos para sismos ao sul do A?ude Tucunduba. Na regi?o tamb?m foi feito um estudo de anisotropia, onde se verificou a presen?a de anisotropia na propaga??o da onda S, possibilitando a obten??o das dire??es de polariza??es e dos tempos de atraso entre as ondas S divididas, para duas esta??es. A dificuldade de se ter uma boa estimativa para o esfor?o horizontal m?ximo, na regi?o, impossibilitou qualquer conclus?o sobre a causa da anisotropia observada. N?o se pode concluir, de forma clara, que a atividade s?smica possa estar associada diretamente a falhas mapeadas na regi?o. As dire??es do plano de falha pelo ajuste por m?nimos quadrados, FPFIT e FOCMEC (valor m?dio) est?o no intervalo de NE e EW. Estes valores s?o consistentes com as dire??es de fotolineamentos, lineamentos topogr?ficos, positivos e negativos, e de fraturas secas, observadas na regi?o.

La localisation de séismes induits ainsi que les mécanismes au foyer associés sont des outils fréquemment utilisés afin, entre autres, d’imager la structure d’un réservoir. Cette thèse présente une technique permettant de quantifier les erreurs associées à ces deux paramètres. Par cette méthode, incertitudes et imprécisions sont distinguées. La méthode a été appliquée aux sites de Soultz et de Rittershoffen pour étudier l’impact de plusieurs critères sur la localisation de la sismicité induite. Ainsi, il a été montré que l’utilisation de capteurs installés profondément dans des puits et qu’une bonne couverture sismique azimutale réduit sérieusement les incertitudes de localisation. Les incertitudes du modèle de vitesse, représentées par une distribution gaussienne des modèles avec un écart de 5% autour du modèle de référence, multiplient les incertitudes de localisation par un facteur 2 à 3. Des simplifications utilisées pour le calcul ou une mauvaise connaissance du milieu peuvent mener à des imprécisions de l’ordre de 10% spatialement non isotropes. Ainsi, les structures du sous-sol peuvent être déformées dans les interprétations. L’application d’un tir de calibration peut néanmoins corriger ce fait en grande partie. L’étude d’erreurs associées aux mécanismes au foyer ne semble cependant pas conduire aux mêmes conclusions. Le biais angulaire peut certes être augmenté par l’omission de la faille dans le modèle de vitesse, mais dans plusieurs cas il est le même que dans le cas idéal voire diminué. En outre, une meilleure couverture sismique améliorerait toujours le mécanisme au foyer obtenu. Ainsi, il n’est pas conseillé d’imager un réservoir en n’utilisant que la localisation de séismes, mais une combinaison de plusieurs paramètres sismiques pourrait s’avérer efficace. La méthode appliquée dans le cadre de cette thèse pourra servir pour d’autres sites à condition d’en avoir une bonne connaissance a priori. / Induced seismicity location and focal mechanisms are commonly used to image the sub-surface designin reservoirs among other tasks. In this Ph.D. the inaccuracies and uncertainties on earthquake location and focal mechanisms are quantified using a three-step method. The technique is applied to the geothermal sites of Soultz and Rittershoffen to investigate the effect of several criteria on thee arthquake location. A good azimuthal seismic coverage and the use of seismic down-hole sensors seriously decrease the location uncertainty. On the contrary, velocity model uncertainties, represented by a 5% Gaussian distribution of the velocity model around the reference model, will multiply location uncertainties by a factor of 2 to 3. An incorrect knowledge of the sub-surface or the simplifications performed before the earthquake location can lead to biases of 10% of the vertical distance separating the source and the stations with a non-isotropic spatial distribution. Hence the sub-surface design maybe distorted in the interpretations. To prevent from that fact, the calibration shot method was proved to be efficient. The study on focal mechanism errors seems to lead to different conclusions. Obviously, the angular bias may be increased by neglecting the fault in the velocity. But, it may also be the same as or even smaller than the bias calculated for the case simulating a perfect knowledge of the medium of propagation. Furthermore a better seismic coverage always leads to smaller angular biases. Hence,it is worth advising to use more than only earthquake location in order to image a reservoir. Other geothermal sites and reservoirs may benefit from the method developed here. / Die korrekte Lokalisierung von induzierter Seismizität und den dazugehörigen Herdflächenlösungensind sehr wichtige Parameter. So werden zum Beispiel die Verteilung der Erdbeben und die Orientierung ihrer Herdflächenlösungen dazu benutzt um in der Tiefe liegende Reservoirs zulokalisieren und abzubilden. In dieser Doktorarbeit wird eine Technik vorgeschlagen um diemethodisch bedingten Fehler zu quantifizieren. Mit dieser Methode werden die verschiedenen Fehlerquellen, die Unsicherheiten und die Fehler im Modell getrennt. Die Technik wird für die geothermischen Felder in Soultz und in Rittershoffen benutzt um den Einfluss verschiedener Parameter (Annahmen) auf die Lokalisierung der induzierten Seismizität zu bestimmen. Es wurde festgestellt, dass Bohrlochseismometer und eine gute azimutale Verteilung der seismischen Stationen die Unbestimmtheiten verkleinern. Die Geschwindigkeitsunbestimmheiten, die durch eine Gauss-Verteilung mit 5% Fehler dargestellt werden, vervielfachen die Lokalisierungsungenauigkeiten um einen Faktor 2 bis 3. Eine ungenaue Kenntnis des Untergrunds oder die verwendete vereinfachte Darstellung der Geschwindigkeitsverhältnisse im Untergrund (notwendig um die synthetischen Rechnungen durchführen zu können) führen zu anisotropen Abweichungen und Fehlern in der Herdtiefe von bis zu 10%. Diese können die Interpretationen des Untergrunds deutlich verfälschen. Ein “calibration shot” kann diese Fehler korrigieren. Leider können die Fehler für die Herdflächenlösungen nicht in derselben Weise korrigiert werden. Es erscheint daher als keine gute Idee, ein Reservoir nur über die Lokalisierung von Erdbeben zu bestimmen. Eine Kombination mehrerer seismischer Methoden scheint angezeigt. Die hier besprochene Methode kann als Grundlage dienen für die Erkundung anderer (geothermischer)

Microseismic monitoring is an integral part of scientific experiments or industrial operations associated with the hydraulic fracturing of bedrock, which is an effort to increase the permeability of rocks in the area and improve the exploitation, whether of heat, oil or natural gas. Monitoring of such newly formed or growing original fractures, usually followed by seismic events, is very important for observation and describing the hydraulic fracturing itself and its progress over time. Since the number of such events recorded is usually very high, classical methods of earthquake processing, where the arrival times of seismic waves are determined manually, seem to be very inappropriate. For this reason, automatic methods are used to process such datasets, which do not require manual determination of the arrival times of the seismic waves. In our case, the data were recorded by a dense network of surface receivers arranged in the shape of a ten-arm star. It was a total of more than nine hundred groups of vertical geophones, of which more than a quarter were also supplemented by a three-component seismic sensor. We then created an automatic procedure for the described network, the result of which is the determination of the location and the source mechanism for each seismic event. The recorded...

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-13T17:08:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PauloHSO_DISSERT.pdf: 5075082 bytes, checksum: 87acfa3f71ca9cabf5ba6b9a46a86972 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-08-03 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The town of Sobral is located at the northwest part of the Cear? State, 250 km away from its capital, Fortaleza. In January 2008, an intense seismic activity began near Sobral with one event with magnitude 4,2mb on May 21. Since the start of its seismic activity, all events were recorded by the SBBR station (located on EMBRAPA Caprinos Farm), which operates in the region since August 2007. After this event, monitoring the seismic activity was carried out with the deployment of a local three component digital seismographic network, from June 5, 2008 until September 24. Initially, this network was composed of six seismographic stations. Later additional five stations were deployed until August 26 2008. This local network detected approximately 2,800 earthquakes. In this study we analyzed 581 earthquakes recorded by at least three stations for hypocentral and focal mechanism determination, and to contribute to a better explanation of the seismicity which in this region. To determine the hypocenters, we used a half-space model, with vP = 6,00 km/s and vP/vS = 1,71. From the hypocentral determination, it was revealed an active seismic zone with depth ranging between 1 and 8 km, 6 km long in E - W direction. The determination of fault planes and focal mechanism was obtained using the programs FPFIT and PLAN, which allowed comparison between their respective results in order to obtain more accurate results. A set of 24 earthquakes were selected to determine fault using PLAN planes and focal mechanisms using FPFIT. With the aid of detailed map of hypocenters this set, it was possible to identify three structures. Therefore, the set of 24 earthquakes were divided into three subsets. The type of mechanism was predominantly strike-slip with a dextral direction. Although the region has two tectonic structures near the site of the study area: the Caf?- Ipueiras Fault (normal fault) and the Sobral-Pedro II Lineament (dextral strike-slip fault) it was not possible to correlate the seismicity founded with those structures / A cidade de Sobral est? localizada na por??o Noroeste do estado do Cear?, a 250 km de sua capital, Fortaleza. No in?cio de 2008, uma intensa atividade s?smica iniciou-se nas proximidades de Sobral, ocorrendo no dia 21 de maio, o evento com a maior magnitude registrada na regi?o (4,2 mb). Todos os eventos, desde o in?cio, foram registrados pela esta??o SBBR, localizada na fazenda da EMBRAPA Caprinos, que opera na regi?o desde agosto de 2007. Ap?s o evento de maio de 2008, o monitoramento da sismicidade foi realizado com uma rede sismogr?fica local, com in?cio de opera??o no dia 5 de junho de 2008. Inicialmente, esta rede foi constitu?da de 6 esta??es sismogr?ficas digitais, sendo depois preenchida com mais 5, totalizando 11 esta??es digitais, cada uma com 3 componentes. A rede com at? 11 esta??es sismogr?ficas operou entre o dia 6 de junho e 24 de setembro de 2008, detectando cerca de 2820 sismos, em pelo menos uma esta??o. No presente trabalho foram analisados os 581 sismos registrados, no m?nimo, em tr?s esta??es, objetivando a determina??o de hipocentros, mecanismos focais e contribuir para uma melhor compreens?o da sismicidade ocorrida na regi?o Noroeste do Cear?. Para a determina??o hipocentral, a partir da an?lise dos 581 eventos registrados pela rede, foram obtidos como par?metros do modelo de velocidades, 1,71 para VP/VS e 6.00 km/s para VP, possibilitando encontrar uma zona s?smica ativa com profundidade variando de 1,1 km a 7,8 km e com 6 km de extens?o horizontal na dire??o aproximada E-W. A determina??o dos planos de falha e mecanismos focais foi obtida com o aux?lio dos programas PLAN e FPFIT, possibilitando a utiliza??o dos resultados do primeiro para ajudar a melhor definir o mecanismo focal, obtido com o programa FPFIT. Para obter os par?metros dos planos de falha e mecanismos focais, foi selecionado um conjunto de 24 sismos com melhor precis?o hipocentral. Com estes sismos, foi poss?vel construir um mapa detalhado dos seus hipocentros, visando obter aux?lio na identifica??o do tipo de mecanismo focal. Os mecanismos obtidos foram do tipo transcorrente, com movimento dextral. Apesar de a regi?o possuir duas importantes estruturas tect?nicas pr?ximas ao local da ?rea estudada: a falha Caf?-Ipueiras e o Lineamento Sobral-Pedro II, n?o foi poss?vel obter correla??o entre a sismicidade encontrada e qualquer uma dessas fei??es geol?gicas

La caractérisation de la source d’un séisme se fait à partir de l’analyse des mesures des déplacements transitoires et statiques du sol, et dépend de la quantité et de la qualité de ces mesures. Nous avons travaillé sur la détermination des mécanismes au foyer des séismes modérés de Tadjena (Mw 5.0, 2006), Béni-Ilmane (Mw 5.5, 2010), Hammam Melouane (Mw 5.0, 2013), Bordj-Ménaïel (Mw 4.1, 2014), Alger (Mw 5.7, 2014) et M’ziraa (Mw 5.1, 2016). Pour cela, nous avons inversés les formes d’ondes en champ proche et régional des stations large bandes et accélérométriques du réseau sismologique algérien (ADSN). Nous avons déterminé la distribution spatio-temporelle du glissement cosismique du séisme de Boumerdes-Zemmouri (Mw 6.8, 2003) en inversant conjointement l’ensemble des données disponibles, sismologiques (télésismiques, accélérometriques) et géodésiques (GPS, InSAR, soulèvement côtier). Nous avons travaillé sur la relation qui peut exister entre le séisme de Boumerdes-Zemmouri et les séismes de Hammam Melouane, Bordj Ménaïel et Alger (Mw 5.7, 2014) en termes de transfert de contrainte (CFF). Nous avons calculé le champ de contrainte dans différentes régions de l’Algérie par inversion des mécanismes aux foyers disponibles dans chaque région. / Studies of the earthquake source are based on observations of seismic and static ground motions, which depend on the quality and the density of measurements. In this thesis, we present studies of the determination of the focal mechanism of the Tadjena (Mw 5.0, 2006), Béni-Ilmane (Mw 5.5, 2010), Hammam Melouane (Mw 5.0, 2013), Bordj-Ménaïel (Mw 4.1, 2014), Alger (Mw 5.7, 2014) and M’ziraa (Mw 5.1, 2016) earthquakes, by modeling waveforms in the near and regional field with broadband and strong motion stations of the Algerian Digital Seismic Netwok (ADSN). In addition, we determined the coseismic slip distribution of the Boumerdes-Zemmouri earthquake (Mw 6.8, 2003) by inverting a most comprehensive set of data (teleseismic, strong motion, GPS, InSAR, coastal uplift). We calculated the Coulomb Failure Function between the Boumerdes-Zemmouri earthquake (source fault) and the Hammam Melouane, Bordj Ménaïel and Algiers (Mw 5.7, 2014) events (receiver faults). We computed the stress tensor in different regions of Algeria obtained from the inversion of the available focal mechanisms.