A pesquisa teve, como objetivo geral, compreender a procura de tratamento com benzedeiras, enquanto modo de cuidado. Os objetivos específicos foram: descrever as práticas curativas das benzedeiras; compreender a prática da benzeção, enquanto cuidado, e estudar a permanência desta prática na modernidade técnica. Foi desenvolvida por meio de pesquisa de natureza qualitativa numa perspectiva fenomenológica existencial. Os instrumentos utilizados foram a narrativa na perspectiva de Walter Benjamim e o diário de campo da pesquisadora. A fundamentação teórica foi a analítica existencial de Heidegger. As análises foram realizadas sob a ótica da hermenêutica filosófica de Gadamer, com ênfase nos conceitos de tradição e historicidade, no intuito de alcançar uma narrativa final, que será construída a partir do diálogo entre os participantes, a pesquisadora e o referencial teórico. O trabalho final resultou na presente tese, que foi dividida em quatro artigos. O primeiro artigo apresenta o estado da arte da benzeção, através das pesquisas e trabalhos desenvolvidos sobre benzeção, cuidado e espiritualidade, dentro da perspectiva fenomenológica, desenvolvidos no período de 2004 a 2012. O segundo apresenta a história e historicidade da benzeção dentro de um contexto de tradição. São levadas em consideração história e historicidade, na perspectiva heideggeriana e ainda o conceito de tradição na ótica de Gadamer. Utilizou-se os referenciais teóricos de Mary Del Priore e Michele Perrot. No terceiro artigo, discute-se a espiritualidade e benzeção. Procura-se refletir a busca do homem por tratamentos que incluam também a espiritualidade sem, no entanto abandonar os avanços próprios do atual contexto social atual. E, no quarto e último artigo, procura-se compreender a benzeção, enquanto modo de cuidado, em uma sociedade altamente tecnologizada e que fragmenta o homem, na sua oferta de tratamento de saúde. E ainda como esse homem concilia os avanços da técnica com as formas históricas provenientes da tradição, no modo de cuidado na saúde.

A resistência bacteriana é responsável perante o fracasso no tratamento de infecções com agentes quimioterápicos. São necessárias novas alternativas para controlar estes micro-organismos. Entre essas alternativas estão plantas utilizadas tradicionalmente na medicina popular. O presente trabalho avaliou a eficiência dos extratos etanólicos e acetonicos de folhas de Cecropia pachystachya e Curatella americana com atividade antibacteriana in vitro em cepas de Staphylococcus aureus isolado de caso de mastite bovina. Os extratos de C. pachystachya e C. americana apresentam MIC de 2,5 mg.mL-1. O composto isolado de C. pachystachya denominado EEB2 apresentou actividade bactericida para uma concentração de 1,25 mg.mL-1. Estes resultados demonstram que os extratos de C. pachystachya e C. americana contém compostos anti-bacterianos. / Bacterial drug resistance is responsible for the failure of the treatment of infection using chemotherapeutic agents. Thus, new approaches are necessary for the control of these microorganisms. Included among these alternatives are several plants that are traditionally used in folk medicine. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the ethanolic and acetone extracts of leaves of Cecropia pachystachya and Curatela americana in vitro against S. aureus bacteria isolates from cases of bovine mastitis. The extracts from C. pachystachya and Curatela americana had a MIC of 2.5 mg.mL-1. The compound isolated from C. pachystachya called EEB2 showed bactericidal activity at a concentration of 1.25 mg.mL-1. These results demonstrate that the extracts of C. pachystachya and C. americana contains antibacterial compounds.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:30:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseFBPM.pdf: 3482049 bytes, checksum: 9e7fd42aee087a0f4306ee73fd9d42e0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002-05-28 / This study documents traditional ecological knowledge by a human population living in Chapada Diamantina, Northeast Brazil. The field work was carried out from June 1998 to May 1999 and included: open-ended interviews, structured interviews, direct observation, questionnaires and tours guided by fishermen. Fish and plants species were collected and taxonomically identified. The consistence of fishermen´s knowledge was observed through compared cognition tables. Local knowledge related to spatiotemporal distribution of fish, ethology, feeding behavior and fish reproduction are fundamental for fishing activities. Plant use is extensive: 131 species of plants medicinally, 69 species for food, 44 for firewood, 38 for house building, and 23 for fishing practices. 72 products from 52 species of animals were reported to be used for prevention and cure 40 physically or spiritually derived illnesses. Most of the medicines (55 %) are derived from by-products of animals normally hunted for food intention. Traditional knowledge about fish species was gathered and proved to be consistent with data from scientific literature. Local knowledge is fundamental for fishing activities and should be taken into account in the planning of sustainable management for the area, which has been set aside by government as an APA (Environmental Protection Area). / Este trabalho tem como objeto de estudo o conhecimento ecológico tradicional de uma população de pescadores que habita o povoado do Remanso (APA marimbús-Iraquara, Chapada Diamantina - BA). Os dados foram obtidos durante oito meses de trabalho de campo (junho de 1998 a fevereiro de 1999), nos quais foram utilizadas as seguintes técnicas: entrevistas livres e semi-estruturadas, observação diretas, turnês e coletas de material zoológico e botânico. As informações obtidas relacionam-se, principalmente com: distribuição espacial e temporal de recursos; composição, distribuição espacial, etologia, ecologia trófica e reprodução de peixes; uso de plantas; etno-recursos zooterápicos e medicina popular. A coleta e determinação taxonômica das espécies seguiu as técnicas usuais da zoologia e botânica. Tabelas de cognição comparada foram utilizadas visando verificar a consistência do conhecimento ictiológico local com dados disponíveis na literatura. O uso de plantas é extensivo: 131 medicinais; 69 alimentares; 44 para lenha; 38 para construção de residências e 23 para a fabricação de instrumentos de pesca. Cerca de 72 produtos obtidos de 52 espécies de animais foram registradas para prevenção ou tratamento de 88 doenças atribuídas a causas físicas e/ou espirituais. Mais de 55 % da matéria prima usada na elaboração de remédios são restos de animais caçados com finalidades alimentares. A maioria das espécies, tanto animais como vegetais, utilizadas pela população são obtidos dos ecossistemas locais através de atividades extrativistas. No que se refere ao conhecimento ictiológico dos pescadores, para os quais se fizeram analises comparativas, os resultados revelam-se bastante consistentes com a literatura. O conhecimento tradicional fornece dados para relativas intervenções visando manejo e conservação de ecossistemas e recursos locais.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-01T18:29:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 maria_jeane_santos_alves.pdf: 762139 bytes, checksum: e0826d80fe85fb3fbf5a8b3d88525839 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-19 / The research had with general objective to understand the treatment search with benzedeiras while care way, the specific objectives were: to describe the healing practices of the benzedeiras; To understand the practice of the benzeção while care, and to study the permanence of this practice in the technical modernity. It was developed through research of qualitative nature in a perspective existential phenomenological. The used instruments were the narrative in Walter Benjamin's perspective, the participant observation, participation of the ritual of the benzeção and the diary of the researcher's field. The theoretical foundation will be the analytical existential of Heidegger. The analysis were then accomplished under the optics of the philosophical hermeneutics of Gadamer, in the intention of reaching a final narrative, that will be built starting from the dialogue among the participants, the researcher and the theoretical foundation. The final work resulted in the present theory that is divided in four articles. In the first article it will be presented the researches and works developed on benzeção and care in the perspective existential phenomenological. The second article introduces its recounts and historicity of the benzeção inside of a traditional context. They are considered recounts and historicity in the heideggeriana perspective and still the tradition concept in the optics of Gadamer. The third article will discuss the spirituality and the man's search by treatments that also includes this aspect in the current social context. And in the fourth and last article we try to understand the benzeção while care way in a highly technological society and that fragments the individual in their treatment forms. It is waited that this work can contribute in the reflection and can guide to a new form of looking for this practice of such traditional care that is the benzeção. It was used Mary's theoretical referential, Del Priore and Michele Perrot. And still how that man reconciles the progress of the technique with the coming historical forms of the tradition, in the care way in the health. / A pesquisa teve, como objetivo geral, compreender a procura de tratamento com benzedeiras, enquanto modo de cuidado. Os objetivos específicos foram: descrever as práticas curativas das benzedeiras; compreender a prática da benzeção, enquanto cuidado, e estudar a permanência desta prática na modernidade técnica. Foi desenvolvida por meio de pesquisa de natureza qualitativa numa perspectiva fenomenológica existencial. Os instrumentos utilizados foram a narrativa na perspectiva de Walter Benjamim e o diário de campo da pesquisadora. A fundamentação teórica foi a analítica existencial de Heidegger. As análises foram realizadas sob a ótica da hermenêutica filosófica de Gadamer, com ênfase nos conceitos de tradição e historicidade, no intuito de alcançar uma narrativa final, que será construída a partir do diálogo entre os participantes, a pesquisadora e o referencial teórico. O trabalho final resultou na presente tese, que foi dividida em quatro artigos. O primeiro artigo apresenta o estado da arte da benzeção, através das pesquisas e trabalhos desenvolvidos sobre benzeção, cuidado e espiritualidade, dentro da perspectiva fenomenológica, desenvolvidos no período de 2004 a 2012. O segundo apresenta a história e historicidade da benzeção dentro de um contexto de tradição. São levadas em consideração história e historicidade, na perspectiva heideggeriana e ainda o conceito de tradição na ótica de Gadamer. Utilizou-se os referenciais teóricos de Mary Del Priore e Michele Perrot. No terceiro artigo, discute-se a espiritualidade e benzeção. Procura-se refletir a busca do homem por tratamentos que incluam também a espiritualidade sem, no entanto abandonar os avanços próprios do atual contexto social atual. E, no quarto e último artigo, procura-se compreender a benzeção, enquanto modo de cuidado, em uma sociedade altamente tecnologizada e que fragmenta o homem, na sua oferta de tratamento de saúde. E ainda como esse homem concilia os avanços da técnica com as formas históricas provenientes da tradição, no modo de cuidado na saúde.

This thesis is a case study aimed at a key argument in the emerging field of Civil War medical and environmental history. While historians have long acknowledged disease as a major killer during the Civil War, only recently have environmental and medical historians turned their collective attentions to unpacking the complex interconnections of disease, environmental conditions, and culture. By examining the 58th North Carolina Infantry Regiment from the mountains of western North Carolina, this thesis asserts that the combined role of the disease environment and conditions in military camps created the massive outbreaks of disease that characterized the seasoning process of the regiment. Furthermore, the soldiers were practical in their response to conditions, weighing family, nation, and other factors in the face of death. When the threat of disease combined with personal and other factors, many soldiers deserted or took other actions of self-preservation over loyalty to the Confederacy.

The work builds on the scientific production on the theme of the resettled Czechs from areas of the former Soviet Union, which is continued treated on the soil of the Institute of Ethnology of the CAS, v.v.i., and introduces the latest conducted grant project, in which I focused on the area of health and folk medicine. The text deals with a specific group of the Czech populations predominantly from Ukraine and Kazakhstan (partially also Belarus and Russia), whose ancestors set out in the second half of the 19th century to seek a better living in the direction to the east from the borders of then Austro-Hungary. Through the use of commemorative narrations and life trajectories of the participating actors, the work maps the background of the arrival in new destinations, life in the 20th century, the change of the political and social conditions and the subsequent remigration to the Czech Republic. With a few exceptions, all of the actors figuring in this work became part of the resettlement processes - in the case of the Volyn Czechs after World War II in 1947 within the controlled exchange of the populations and in the case of the Chernobyl Czechs (and partially also some of the Czechs from Belarus and Russia) in the 1990s within the state-controlled resettlement after the accident at the Chernobyl...

This study explores folk medical beliefs and practices regarding women's health issues and the female body, specifically menstruation, pregnancy, abortion and menopause, in the Southern Appalachian region. This research reveals what information was given to young girls, by whom was it given, and the effect this had on their self-image and on how they communicated about their bodies as they matured. Other key elements include the social restrictions surrounding menstruation and the ways these beliefs were communicated to young girls. In addition, this project presents information on the treatment of symptoms such as cramps, bloating, headaches, excessive bleeding, lack of flow, etc. and how this information was communicated.

Text in English / In this study an attempt has been made to reflect upon T.G. Mashaba's transcultural themes. For the purpose of this study, the researcher had to differentiate between traditional and professional cultural themes. All of these were mirrored in some of Mashaba's works through the employment of descriptive devices in a manner that enables one to picture her philosophy of transcultural nursing care, her ideas and ideals, conceptions, opinions and beliefs. The chief aim of this study was to survey the significance and contribution of Mashaba transcultural themes to nursing. In identifying the two systems, Mashaba was attempting not only to help nurses to become aware of these systems, but to consider ways to make reciprocal interfaces with the two systems. Marked caring differences among health care systems exist as well as similar features. Efforts were made - by Mashaba - to explicate these caring aspects in order to provide a sound rationale and therapeutic nursing care. The design used in this study was purely descriptive, investigative, interpretive and analytic with the specific aim of elucidating Mashaba's ideas, ideals and thoughts. This approach helped in bringing to light the value of the themes while at the same time focusing attention on their transcultural nature. Leininger's Cultural Theoretical Model was applied - as a conceptual Model - for the analysis of transcultural themes. This research study gives us a picture of a gifted and hardworking woman. She was ambitious and had set definite goals for herself. Her sense of cultural observation and imaginativeness elevate her as- a spokesperson for the underprivileged, not only of her race, but of any nationality. In her efforts, she was a moderate who believed that engagement in a dialogue would bring better and more lasting solutions than war. This gives her work the universal relevance and appeal. / Health Studies / D.Litt. et Phil. (Advanced Nursing Sciences)

Text in English / In this study an attempt has been made to reflect upon T.G. Mashaba's transcultural themes. For the purpose of this study, the researcher had to differentiate between traditional and professional cultural themes. All of these were mirrored in some of Mashaba's works through the employment of descriptive devices in a manner that enables one to picture her philosophy of transcultural nursing care, her ideas and ideals, conceptions, opinions and beliefs. The chief aim of this study was to survey the significance and contribution of Mashaba transcultural themes to nursing. In identifying the two systems, Mashaba was attempting not only to help nurses to become aware of these systems, but to consider ways to make reciprocal interfaces with the two systems. Marked caring differences among health care systems exist as well as similar features. Efforts were made - by Mashaba - to explicate these caring aspects in order to provide a sound rationale and therapeutic nursing care. The design used in this study was purely descriptive, investigative, interpretive and analytic with the specific aim of elucidating Mashaba's ideas, ideals and thoughts. This approach helped in bringing to light the value of the themes while at the same time focusing attention on their transcultural nature. Leininger's Cultural Theoretical Model was applied - as a conceptual Model - for the analysis of transcultural themes. This research study gives us a picture of a gifted and hardworking woman. She was ambitious and had set definite goals for herself. Her sense of cultural observation and imaginativeness elevate her as- a spokesperson for the underprivileged, not only of her race, but of any nationality. In her efforts, she was a moderate who believed that engagement in a dialogue would bring better and more lasting solutions than war. This gives her work the universal relevance and appeal. / Health Studies / D.Litt. et Phil. (Advanced Nursing Sciences)

No description available.