Global ETD Search

151	An assessment of the constitution of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in southern Africa within the Bill of Rights as enshrined in the South African Constitution Act 108/1996 Mashiane, Mafabo Andries Bernard 28 July 2008 (has links) The constitution of ELCSA was adopted in the constitutional assembly held on 15 to 19 December 1975 at Rustenburg, Tlhabane. The constitution of South Africa was adopted on 08 May 1996 and amended on 11 October 1996 by the constitutional assembly. It is obvious from this situation that the ELCSA constitution was put together and adopted during the rule of the National Party in consideration of the constitution of South Africa at the time. This suggests that the bill of rights was not taken into account when the constitution of ELCSA was written. The church‘s top down management system of administration is questionable. The harmony of rights and the ELCSA constitution was tested. The labour relations requirements are not taken into consideration by the ELCSA constitution given the procedures followed to add in addressing employee disputes. The ELCSA constitution was critically evaluated for compliance. The areas of the South African Constitution that were not considered at the initial stage of the church constitution were identified during the study. It is imperative though that the Church should not find her self-making concessions on issues that are contrary to Christian beliefs and norms that form the basis of the faith. Dr Martin Luther’s two kingdoms provided some guidance when the church was under pressure regarding certain issues that are required by the law of the country. Particularly the church does not condone abortion. In this study it was established that some areas require the church to mobilise and challenge the state. The study is concluded by a discussion of areas that present conflict between the church and legal requirements, areas that the church is omitting to do and areas that the church has to take a stand on. This discussion included recommendations that the church has to consider ensuring that legislation is complied with and that there is no conflict with the church constitution. / Dissertation (MA(Theology) Church History)--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Church History and Church Policy / unrestricted Church and the bill of rights Church and application of rights Eclsa constitution Church and labour relations act Elcsa non-compliance Church and children’s rights Church and the courts Church and freedom of information Equality and biblical tone on equity UCTD
152	Google in China : examining hegemonic identification strategies in organizational rhetoric Ford, Jonathan W. 07 October 2013 (has links) Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / The author employs Hoffman and Ford’s method for analyzing organizational rhetoric to examine the discourse of Google, Inc. Employing a hybrid method, built on rhetorical criticism which incorporates elements of organizational communication theory, the analysis examines identity rhetoric present in Google’s discourse regarding its operations in China. Using this approach, the author leverages the method to critically examine hegemonic aspects of the discourse in order to examine how Google constructs its Western consumer based audience regarding online privacy and free speech. Google (Firm) Rhetoric -- China -- Computer programs Computer security -- Research Freedom of information Communication in organizations Hegemony China -- Public relations Relationship marketing -- Research Business -- Computer networks Consumer satisfaction
153	Otevřená data a jejich využití v tuzemské datové žurnalistice / Open Data and their use in Czech Data Journalism Krawiecová, Nela January 2022 (has links) The fundamental source of data journalism, which has established itself in the Czech media landscape in recent years, is the availability of usable data sets. However, academicians have so far neglected the topic of data openness and its importance in journalistic discourse. Simultaneously, data journalists are often the first to make data available to the public. An integral part of the thesis is mapping the historical development of data journalism, including the phenomenon of open government with a focus on Czech and European legislation and obtaining information with the help of the Freedom of Information Act. The aim of the thesis is, based on in-depth interviews with Czech data journalists, to identify the data sources which they frequently often use in their editorial routines, to evaluate the quality of these sources and to present the main limits that journalists encounter. In the conclusive part of the thesis the author transfers the focus to analysis of the availability of data sources provided by the Ministry of Health and the Institute of Health Information and Statistics during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and 2021 and outlines the process of acquisition, cleaning, analysis, and visualization of information by journalists.
154	Die reg op toegang tot inligting in publieke administrasie Roberts, Benita Valera 30 November 2005 (has links) The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 (Act 108 of 1996) stipulates that every person has the right of access to information held by government. To give effect to this right, legislation in the form of the Promotion of Access to Information Act, 2000 (Act 2 of 2000) was promulgated. This study explores the access to information regime that was established by die aforementioned legislation with specific reference to similar regimes in the United States of America, Australia, New Zealand and Canada. Attention is also devoted to the prerequisites and potential obstacles associated with the implementation of the Promotion of Access to Information Act, 2000. Based on the practices in other states, the conclusion was reached that the nature of information that may be requested in the South African context should be expanded, that cabinet records should only be excluded to the extent that disclosure thereof would be harmful, that frequently requested records should be made automatically available and that decision-making guidelines of government institutions should be published. As far as procedural requirements are concerned, it is proposed that information officers should acknowledge receipt of requests and that, where necessary, records should be translated to ensure that they are useful to a requester. It is further proposed that the wording of the ground of refusal regarding policy formulation and decision-making in government institutions be amended to take account of the consequences of disclosure. It is imperative that appeal and review mechanisms be accessible to members of the public and it is therefore proposed that an information commissioner be instituted to settle disputes in information related matters. Lastly it is proposed that sanctions be imposed against officials who deliberately undermine the public's right of access to information and that separate units be established in government institutions to deal exclusively with requests for access to information. / Public Administration / D. Litt. et Phil. (Public Administration) Access to information Accountability Appeal and review mechanisms Government Information Information officer Record Secrecy Transparency 323.4450968 Freedom of information -- South Africa Government information -- South Africa South Africa. Constitution (1996)
155	Copyright : rebalancing the public and private interests in the areas of education and research Wang, Jia 12 1900 (has links) Thesis (LLD)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / The general public should have wide access to copyrighted materials for education and research. However, since the current copyright law system subtly favors copyright holders, it is time to re-evaluate copyright law to ensure it meets its original purpose of promoting the learning of the society. The research primarily focuses on how to broaden copyright limitations and exceptions for the public to access and use learning materials. Within the framework of the copyright law system, other mechanisms that allow users to access copyrighted materials at a reasonable price also are considered. Such mechanisms include an efficient collective copyright management system and various licensing schemes. In an information network environment, it is time for developing countries to reform copyright law in order to promote education and research. It is hoped the findings of this study not only benefit South Africa and People's Republic of China, but also provide insights and guidelines to other developing countries with similar conditions. Freedom of information and opinion Education and copyright law -- China Research -- Economic aspects -- China Theses -- Law Theses -- Mercantile law Dissertations -- Law Dissertations -- Mercantile law
156	Die reg op toegang tot inligting in publieke administrasie Roberts, Benita Valera 30 November 2005 (has links) The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 (Act 108 of 1996) stipulates that every person has the right of access to information held by government. To give effect to this right, legislation in the form of the Promotion of Access to Information Act, 2000 (Act 2 of 2000) was promulgated. This study explores the access to information regime that was established by die aforementioned legislation with specific reference to similar regimes in the United States of America, Australia, New Zealand and Canada. Attention is also devoted to the prerequisites and potential obstacles associated with the implementation of the Promotion of Access to Information Act, 2000. Based on the practices in other states, the conclusion was reached that the nature of information that may be requested in the South African context should be expanded, that cabinet records should only be excluded to the extent that disclosure thereof would be harmful, that frequently requested records should be made automatically available and that decision-making guidelines of government institutions should be published. As far as procedural requirements are concerned, it is proposed that information officers should acknowledge receipt of requests and that, where necessary, records should be translated to ensure that they are useful to a requester. It is further proposed that the wording of the ground of refusal regarding policy formulation and decision-making in government institutions be amended to take account of the consequences of disclosure. It is imperative that appeal and review mechanisms be accessible to members of the public and it is therefore proposed that an information commissioner be instituted to settle disputes in information related matters. Lastly it is proposed that sanctions be imposed against officials who deliberately undermine the public's right of access to information and that separate units be established in government institutions to deal exclusively with requests for access to information. / Public Administration and Management / D. Litt. et Phil. (Public Administration) Access to information Accountability Appeal and review mechanisms Government Information Information officer Record Secrecy Transparency 323.4450968 Freedom of information -- South Africa Government information -- South Africa South Africa. Constitution (1996)
157	Eingriffe in den Internet-Datenverkehr zur Durchsetzung des Urheberrechts Fokken, Martin 28 October 2021 (has links) Die auf mitgliedstaatlicher und EU-Ebene grundrechtlich verbürgte Freiheit des Eigen-tums verlangt, das Urheberrecht effektiv zu schützen. Staatlich durchgeführte oder ange-ordnete technische Maßnahmen wie Netzsperren (IP- oder DNS-Sperren) und Deep Packet Inspection ermöglichen es u.a., gezielt die Übertragung von Daten zu blockieren, deren unlizenzierter Austausch über das Internet – etwa über Streaming-Portale – das Urheber-recht verletzt. Im Internet besteht ohne derartige technische Maßnahmen ein Durchset-zungsdefizit, da die unmittelbaren („Content Provider“) und mittelbaren Anbieter („Host-Provider“) der Inhalte oft nicht effektiv in Haftung genommen werden können; die techni-schen Betreiber der Infrastruktur des Internets („Internet Service Provider“) hingegen können dem staatlichen Zugriff nicht ausweichen. Die angesprochenen technischen Maß-nahmen greifen jedoch in verschiedene Grundrechte des Grundgesetzes und der Charta der Grundrechte der Europäischen Union ein. Betroffen sind insbesondere die unterneh-merische Freiheit (Art. 16 Charta) der Internet Service Provider, die Informationsfreiheit (Art. 11 Abs. 1 Charta), das Recht auf Achtung der Kommunikation (Art. 7 Charta), das Recht auf Schutz personenbezogener Daten (Art. 8 Abs. 1 Charta) der Internet-Nutzer sowie die jeweiligen mitgliedstaatlichen Entsprechungen dieser Grundrechte. Der Gegen-stand dieser Arbeit ist die Untersuchung der Vereinbarkeit der Anwendung technischer Maßnahmen zur Durchsetzung des Urheberrechts mit europäischem Primärrecht und dem Grundgesetz. / The Fundamental Right to Property, which is guaranteed at Member State and EU level, requires that copyright be effectively protected. Technical measures implemented by or required by states, such as IP/DNS blocking or Deep Packet Inspection, enable, inter alia, the targeted blocking of transmissions of data whose unlicensed exchange over the inter-net – e.g. via streaming portals – infringes copyrights. Without such technical measures, there is an enforcement deficit in the internet, as the direct ("content providers") and indi-rect providers ("host providers") of the content often cannot be effectively held liable; the technical operators of internet infrastructure ("internet service providers"), on the other hand, cannot evade governmental intervention. The technical measures mentioned, how-ever, affect various fundamental rights of the German Constitution (the “Grundgesetz”) and the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union. The rights affected are, in particular, the Freedom to Conduct a Business (Article 16 of the Charter) of internet ser-vice providers, the Freedom of Information (Article 11(1) of the Charter), the Right to Re-spect for Communications (Article 7 of the Charter) and the Right to Protection of Person-al Data (Article 8 (1) of the Charter) of internet users, and the respective Member State equivalents of these fundamental rights. Subject matter of this thesis is to examine whether the use of technological measures to enforce copyrights is in compliance with Eu-ropean primary law and the German Grundgesetz. Deep Packet Inspection Netzsperren IP-Sperre DNS-Sperre Filtermaßnahmen Content-Filter Urheberrecht Informationsfreiheit Telekommunikationsfreiheit Access-Provider Deep Packet Inspection network traffic blocking IP blocking DNS blocking content filter copyright piracy Freedom of Information Right to Protection of Personal Data Right to Respect for Communications technical measures internet access provider 323 Grundrechte und politische Rechte 342 Verfassungs- und Verwaltungsrecht PZ 3400 ddc:323 ddc:342
158	Transparência das sociedades de economia mista listadas em bolsa: uma perspectiva a partir dos websites Ferraz, Hector Rodrigo Ribeiro Paes January 2017 (has links) Submitted by Hector Rodrigo Ribeiro Paes Ferraz (hferraz@gmail.com) on 2017-05-28T21:08:53Z No. of bitstreams: 2 transparencia_em_websites_-_v._final_Hector _Ferraz_2.docx: 264144 bytes, checksum: 767061ac59ca18d36384fcc1cd43abd8 (MD5) quadro informações resolução anticorrupcao e estatais 13.xlsx: 134947 bytes, checksum: f4f67c1c1ade0e15dcc3d7c457be8edd (MD5) / Rejected by ÁUREA CORRÊA DA FONSECA CORRÊA DA FONSECA (aurea.fonseca@fgv.br), reason: Prezado aluno, Sua submissão está sendo novamente rejeitada, porque o Título tem que ser igual a Ata e a Folha de Assinatura "TRANSPARÊNCIA DAS SOCIEDADES DE ECONOMIA MISTA LISTADAS EM BOLSA: UMA PERSPECTIVA A PARTIR DOS WEBSITES" . Favor refazer os acertos do título e submeter novamente em um único PDF. Favor fazer as substituições da capa e contracapa do impresso entregue na SRA. Att., ÁUREA SRA on 2017-06-21T16:50:55Z (GMT) / Submitted by Hector Rodrigo Ribeiro Paes Ferraz (hferraz@gmail.com) on 2017-06-25T15:57:49Z No. of bitstreams: 2 transparencia_em_websites_-_v._final_Hector _Ferraz_2.docx: 264144 bytes, checksum: 767061ac59ca18d36384fcc1cd43abd8 (MD5) quadro informações resolução anticorrupcao e estatais 13.xlsx: 134947 bytes, checksum: f4f67c1c1ade0e15dcc3d7c457be8edd (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by ÁUREA CORRÊA DA FONSECA CORRÊA DA FONSECA (aurea.fonseca@fgv.br) on 2017-07-06T14:30:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 transparencia_em_websites_-_v._final_Hector _Ferraz_2.docx: 264144 bytes, checksum: 767061ac59ca18d36384fcc1cd43abd8 (MD5) quadro informações resolução anticorrupcao e estatais 13.xlsx: 134947 bytes, checksum: f4f67c1c1ade0e15dcc3d7c457be8edd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-20T19:13:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 transparencia_em_websites_-_v._final_Hector _Ferraz_2.docx: 264144 bytes, checksum: 767061ac59ca18d36384fcc1cd43abd8 (MD5) quadro informações resolução anticorrupcao e estatais 13.xlsx: 134947 bytes, checksum: f4f67c1c1ade0e15dcc3d7c457be8edd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-21 / The present study examines and evaluates public policies that promote transparency and the disclosure of data on web portals. The focus of the analysis is on state-owned enterprises listed on the Brazilian Stock Exchange (BM&FBOVESPA).These enterprises are evaluated in conformity with obligations imposed upon them by the aforementioned policies, as well as the Court of Auditors, the Ministry of Transparency, the Ministry of Planning, State Legislative Assemblies, and the national Congress. Propositions are then made for improvements in structure and organization of transparency policies, for the benefit of investors and society. / O presente trabalho se propõe a discutir as políticas públicas promovidas pelos órgãos governamentais no tocante à transparência da divulgação de dados em portais de internet. O foco de análise são as sociedades de economia mista federais listadas em bolsa, que serão observadas na perspectiva das diversas normas produzidas em relação ao tema, expedidas pelo Tribunal de Contas da União, Ministério da Transparência (Controladoria-Geral da União), Ministério do Planejamento, Assembleias Legislativas Estaduais e Congresso Nacional. Ainda são feitas avaliações de alguns websites em cotejo com as normas vigentes, bem como proposições de melhorias na concepção de uma política de transparência mais estruturada, em benefício dos investidores e da sociedade. Transparency Governance Brazilian Freedom of Information Law Brazilian State Company Enterprises Law The Court of Auditors Ministry of Transparency Brazilian Stock Exchange Transparência Governança Compliance Websites Portais de internet Lei de Acesso à Informação Lei Anticorrupção Lei das Estatais Tribunal de Contas da União Ministério da Transparência Controladoria-Geral da União Ministério do Planejamento BM&FBOVESPA Administração pública Governança Portais da Web Corrupção - Legislação - Brasil Tribunal de Contas da União
159	Highway Development Decision-Making Under Uncertainty: Analysis, Critique and Advancement El-Khatib, Mayar January 2010 (has links) While decision-making under uncertainty is a major universal problem, its implications in the field of transportation systems are especially enormous; where the benefits of right decisions are tremendous, the consequences of wrong ones are potentially disastrous. In the realm of highway systems, decisions related to the highway configuration (number of lanes, right of way, etc.) need to incorporate both the traffic demand and land price uncertainties. In the literature, these uncertainties have generally been modeled using the Geometric Brownian Motion (GBM) process, which has been used extensively in modeling many other real life phenomena. But few scholars, including those who used the GBM in highway configuration decisions, have offered any rigorous justification for the use of this model. This thesis attempts to offer a detailed analysis of various aspects of transportation systems in relation to decision-making. It reveals some general insights as well as a new concept that extends the notion of opportunity cost to situations where wrong decisions could be made. Claiming deficiency of the GBM model, it also introduces a new formulation that utilizes a large and flexible parametric family of jump models (i.e., Lévy processes). To validate this claim, data related to traffic demand and land prices were collected and analyzed to reveal that their distributions, heavy-tailed and asymmetric, do not match well with the GBM model. As a remedy, this research used the Merton, Kou, and negative inverse Gaussian Lévy processes as possible alternatives. Though the results show indifference in relation to final decisions among the models, mathematically, they improve the precision of uncertainty models and the decision-making process. This furthers the quest for optimality in highway projects and beyond. highway development decision making under uncertainty real options jump processes infinitely divisible distributions Lévy processes measure theory characteristic function characteristic exponent Lévy jump measure probability measure cádlág stochastic process Wiener process Poisson process compound Poisson process finite activity models jump diffusion models Merton model Gaussian jump process Kou model double exponential jump process leptokurtic volatility smile infinite activity models pure jumps process generalized hyperbolic model modified Bessel function negative inverse Gaussian model geometric Brownian motion model log-normal distribution model normality assumption heavy-tailed distribution asymmetric distribution quantile-quantile plot Rydberg algorithm parameter calibration moments cummulants sum of squares Monte Carlo simulation least-squares regression backward dynamic programming discrete-time Markov chain land price traffic demand highway service quality index data collection traffic volume Annual Average Daily Traffic Ontario Ministry of Transportation Land Registry Office Freedom of Information Act seasonality value of transportation types of transportation systems importance of highway systems cost of wrong decisions monetary cost private sector cost human cost land expropriation environmental cost irreversibility cost factor time cost factor political cost factor opportunity cost opportunity cost of wrong decisions economic cost of wrong decisions economic cost of mis-estimation economic profit of wrong decisions cost of inaction price of making right decisions scope of decisions rehabilitation decision land acquisition decision expansion decision uncertainty modeling land acquisition cost expropriation cost construction cost material cost Montréal-Mirabel International Airport Pickering Airport 407 Express Toll Route Highway 407 Statistics
160	Highway Development Decision-Making Under Uncertainty: Analysis, Critique and Advancement El-Khatib, Mayar January 2010 (has links) While decision-making under uncertainty is a major universal problem, its implications in the field of transportation systems are especially enormous; where the benefits of right decisions are tremendous, the consequences of wrong ones are potentially disastrous. In the realm of highway systems, decisions related to the highway configuration (number of lanes, right of way, etc.) need to incorporate both the traffic demand and land price uncertainties. In the literature, these uncertainties have generally been modeled using the Geometric Brownian Motion (GBM) process, which has been used extensively in modeling many other real life phenomena. But few scholars, including those who used the GBM in highway configuration decisions, have offered any rigorous justification for the use of this model. This thesis attempts to offer a detailed analysis of various aspects of transportation systems in relation to decision-making. It reveals some general insights as well as a new concept that extends the notion of opportunity cost to situations where wrong decisions could be made. Claiming deficiency of the GBM model, it also introduces a new formulation that utilizes a large and flexible parametric family of jump models (i.e., Lévy processes). To validate this claim, data related to traffic demand and land prices were collected and analyzed to reveal that their distributions, heavy-tailed and asymmetric, do not match well with the GBM model. As a remedy, this research used the Merton, Kou, and negative inverse Gaussian Lévy processes as possible alternatives. Though the results show indifference in relation to final decisions among the models, mathematically, they improve the precision of uncertainty models and the decision-making process. This furthers the quest for optimality in highway projects and beyond. highway development decision making under uncertainty real options jump processes infinitely divisible distributions Lévy processes measure theory characteristic function characteristic exponent Lévy jump measure probability measure cádlág stochastic process Wiener process Poisson process compound Poisson process finite activity models jump diffusion models Merton model Gaussian jump process Kou model double exponential jump process leptokurtic volatility smile infinite activity models pure jumps process generalized hyperbolic model modified Bessel function negative inverse Gaussian model geometric Brownian motion model log-normal distribution model normality assumption heavy-tailed distribution asymmetric distribution quantile-quantile plot Rydberg algorithm parameter calibration moments cummulants sum of squares Monte Carlo simulation least-squares regression backward dynamic programming discrete-time Markov chain land price traffic demand highway service quality index data collection traffic volume Annual Average Daily Traffic Ontario Ministry of Transportation Land Registry Office Freedom of Information Act seasonality value of transportation types of transportation systems importance of highway systems cost of wrong decisions monetary cost private sector cost human cost land expropriation environmental cost irreversibility cost factor time cost factor political cost factor opportunity cost opportunity cost of wrong decisions economic cost of wrong decisions economic cost of mis-estimation economic profit of wrong decisions cost of inaction price of making right decisions scope of decisions rehabilitation decision land acquisition decision expansion decision uncertainty modeling land acquisition cost expropriation cost construction cost material cost Montréal-Mirabel International Airport Pickering Airport 407 Express Toll Route Highway 407 Statistics

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