Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin, 1966. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliography.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2007. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Mammalian cell culture is typically operated at the physiological temperature of 37°C. Low temperature cell culture at 30-33°C, in particular for CHO cells, increased the specific productivity of many recombinant proteins amongst many other benefits. However, the cell density is lower, thus reducing the total protein yield. Of the 17 mammalian cold-stress genes reported to be up- or down-regulated at low temperature, CIRP shows potential as a gene target for improving recombinant protein production, as its expression levels were reported to affect both growth and specific productivity. In this study, it was shown that over-expression of the cold-stress gene CIRP did not cause growth arrest in CHO cells, in contrast to previous reports. However, over-expression of CIRP successfully improved the specific productivity and total yield of a recombinant interferon-γ CHO cell-line at 37°C by 25%. / Singapore-MIT Alliance (SMA)

Th.--Sci. phys.--Toulouse 3, 1977. N°: 762.

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This work is an extension to the spray model of Watkins and Jones (2010). In their model, the spray is characterized by evaluating the three moments Q_2, Q_3 and Q_4 of general gamma number size distribution from their transport equations. The sub-models of drop drag, drop break-up and drop collisions were simulated in terms of gamma distributions. The model is considered as non-vaporising and compared with cases which have low ambient gas temperature and also is strict to a particular set of sub-models for drop drag and break up which they are applicable to produce integrable functions. In this work the model is adjusted to allow a variety of sub-models to be implemented. Three models (TAB, ETAB, DDB) are considered for drop breakup which have been basically introduced to be used with the Droplet Discrete Method (DDM) approach. So in order to implement these models with the model of Watkins and Jones the source terms of the breakup are calculated by grouping the droplets in each cell into parcels which contain a certain number of droplets with similar physical properties (size, velocity, temperature ...). The source terms of each parcel are calculated and multiplied by the number of droplets in these parcels and a numerical integration is then used to obtain the resultant effect of the drop breakup in each cell. The number of drops in each cell is determined from the gamma size distribution. Also three hybrid breakup models (KH-RT, Turb-KH-RT, Turb-TAB) which include two distinct steps: primary and secondary break up model are implemented. The Kelvin- Helmholtz (KH) and the turbulence induced breakup (Turb) models were used to predict the primary break up of the intact liquid core of a liquid jet while the secondary break up is modelled using the TAB model and competition between the KH and the RT models. Both models are allowed to work simultaneously. However it is assumed that if the disintegration occurs due to the RT the KH break up does not occur. In case of drag sub-model, a dynamic drag model is introduced which accounts for the effects of drop distortion and oscillation due to the effects of high relative velocity between the liquid and the surrounding gas. In this model the drag coefficient is empirically related to the magnitude of the drop deformation. The magnitude of drop deformation was calculated by using the TAB model. In this work, the effects of mass and heat transfer on the spray are modelled. An additional equation for the energy of the liquid is solved. The mass transfer rate is evaluated using the model of Godsave (1953) and Spalding (1953) while the Faeth correlation (1983) is used to model heat transfer between the two phases. For all equations of heat and mass transfer between phases, the drop Nusselt and Sherwood number are calculated by using the correlation of Ranz and Marshall. In this model also the liquid surface-average temperature T_l2 which is calculated by Watkins (2007) is used to determine the heat and mass transfer between phases instead of liquid volume-average temperature. It was derived by assuming a parabolic temperature profile within individual drops. All the equations are treated in Eulerian framework using the finite volume method. The model has been applied to a wide range of sprays and compared to a number of experiments with different operating conditions including high liquid injection pressure and high ambient gas density and temperature. A reasonable agreement is found by the ETAB model with most of the data while the TAB and the DDB models continually underestimate the penetration and drop sizes of the spray. The hybrid breakup models perform well and show better agreement with the available experimental data than the single breakup models. In term of high temperature cases, the model correctly captures the effect of evaporation on the different spray properties especially with hybrid break up model.

GABA (gamma-amino butanoic acid) is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system. GABA has been found to play an inhibitory role in some cancers, including colon carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, and lung adenocarcinoma. Growing evidence shows that GABAB receptors are involved in tumour development. The expression level of GABAB receptors was found to be upregulated in some human tumours, including the pancreas, and cancer cell lines, suggesting that GABAB receptors may be potential targets for cancer therapy and diagnosis. In this research programme, several diverse series of potential anticancer prodrugs of GABA and GABA receptor-targeting agents have been rationally designed and synthesised for selective activation in the tumour microenvironment. In one approach, a series of oligopeptide conjugate prodrugs have been synthesised as protease-activatable substrates for either the extracellular matrix metalloproteinase MMP-9 or the lysosomal endoprotease legumain; each of which are overexpressed in the tumour environment and are effectors of tumour growth and metastasis. Specifically, a novel fluorogenic, oligopeptide FRET substrate prodrug of legumain HZ101 (Rho-Pro-Ala-Asn~GABA-spacer-AQ) has been characterised and shown to have theranostic potential. Proof of principle has been demonstrated using recombinant human legumain for which HZ101 is an efficient substrate and is latently quenched until cleaved. HPLC methods have been developed to monitor prodrug activation. In another approach, cyclic prodrugs of the GABA-B receptor agonist baclofen have been designed to be activated in the acidic environment of solid tumours to exert antitumour effects through modulation of the receptor response. During the oligopeptide synthetic work, novel, coloured, anthraquinone-based reagents have been designed and evaluated as new chemical tools for amine detection and monitoring in solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS); characterisation by spectroscopic and HPLC methods have demonstrated their advantages over existing methods and their potential applications for use on solid supported resins.

Memoria para optar al Título Profesional de Ingeniero Agrónomo / La inducción de mutagénesis mediante la aplicación de rayos gamma es una técnica ampliamente utilizada en el mejoramiento genético de especies ornamentales, debido a la importancia que genera la novedad en la floricultura. En estos cultivos, es relativamente simple la selección para características relevantes (color de flores, tamaño de planta y flores, entre otras), lo que se traduce en una técnica de mejoramiento genético más eficiente. En alstroemeria existen diversas variedades producto de mutagénesis con aplicación de radiación, donde las variaciones principales que se buscan son: cambio en el tamaño y color de las flores, forma y rayado interno de los tépalos, el vigor de la planta, productividad y periodo de floración. Previo a la irradiación con fines de mejoramiento genético se deben calcular los tiempos de exposición del material y la uniformidad de aplicación de radiación, lo que se conoce como dosimetría química. Junto con esto, se debe determinar una dosis que produzca un alto porcentaje de mutaciones, y que a la vez permita la sobrevivencia de un alto número de explantes, siendo la dosis donde se produce una mortalidad de 50% (DL50) un punto óptimo para irradiar con fines de mejoramiento genético.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:31:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-07-29Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:20:44Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 simon_jw_dr_botfca.pdf: 483510 bytes, checksum: 874a82b8518793c2ba589e13e681619a (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O presente trabalho teve como objetivo a conservação do abacate ‘Hass’ e do guacamole com uso da radiação. Foram realizados 3 experimentos: Experimento I-frutos irradiados em diferentes doses de irradiação gama de cobalto 60 (0.0. 0.2. 0.4 0.6 1.0 kGy); Experimento II-frutos irradiados por acelerador de elétrons. em diferentes doses (0.0. 0.48. 0.8. 1.12. 1.45 Mev) ambos mantidos sob temperatura ambiente 21±1ºC e 70±5% UR e Experimento III-produção do guacamole com e sem irradiação gama (0.0 e 0.4 kGy) armazenado sob refrigeração (4ºC) e congelamento (-18ºC). Os frutos foram irradiados no IPEN, localizado em São Paulo/SP. Em seguida foram transportados para o Departamento de Gestão e tecnologia Agroindustrial. Laboratório de Frutas e Hortaliças. Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas-UNESP-Câmpus de Botucatu. SP. Para os frutos. análises foram realizadas a cada 3 dias, durante 12 dias. Foram realizadas análises de pH, acidez titulável, sólidos solúveis, índice de maturação (“Ratio”), firmeza, capacidade antioxidante, compostos fenólicos totais, atividade da pectinametilesterase, atividade da poligalacturonase, perda de massa fresca e respiração. Para o guacamole. análises foram realizadas após 7 dias de armazenamento refrigerado e a cada 30 dias de armazenamento congelado, sendo que após 90 dias o produto foi descongelado e mantido por mais 3 e 7 dias de refrigeração. Foram realizadas análises pH, acidez titulável, % de gordura, % de umidade, análise microbiológica, cor e análise sensorial. O delineamento estatístico foi inteiramente casualizado, com 3 repetições por tratamento, utilizando o Teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. Nas condições em que os experimentos foram realizados, os resultados permitiram concluir que o uso da radiação gama conservou os frutos por 12 dias independentes das doses aplicadas / This study aimed at the conservation of avocado ‘Hass’ and guacamole with the use of radiation. We performed three experiments: Experiment Iirradiated fruits in different doses of gamma irradiation of cobalt 60 (0.0. 0.2. 0.4. 0.6. 1.0 kGy); Experiment II- fruit irradiated by electron accelerator. in different doses (0.0. 0.48. 0.8. 1.12. 1.45 MeV) both at ambient temperature 21±1°C and 79±5%RH and Experiment III-production of guacamole with and without irradiation range (0.0 and 0.4 kGy) stored under refrigeration (4°C) and freezing (-18°C). Fruits were irradiated at IPEN. located in São Paulo/SP. They were then transported to the Departament of Technology Management and Agribusiness, Fruits and Vegetables Laboratory, Faculty of Agronomic Sciences. UNESP-Campus de Botucatu. For fruits analysis were performed every 3 days for 12 days. Were performed to analyze pH, acidity, soluble solids, maturation index, firmess, antioxidant capacity, total phenolics, activity of pectin polygalacturonase activity. weight loss and breathing. For the guacamole, analysis was performed after 7 days of cold storage and every 30 days of frozen storage, and after 90 days the product was thawed and kept for 3 and 7 days of refrigeration. Analyses were performed pH, acidity, %fat, %moisture %fiber, micobiological, color and sensory analysis. The statistical design was completely randomized design with 3 replicates per treatment, using the tukey test at 5% probability. Under the conditions of the experiments were performed, the results showed that the use of gamma radiation maintained the fruits for 12 days independent of the applied doses

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