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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
441

Epidemie Eboly v letech 2014-2015 a reakce ČR / The Ebola Outbreak 2014-2015 and the response of the Czech Republic

RUDLOFOVÁ, Lenka January 2017 (has links)
The thesis is focused on the epidemic of Ebola between years 2014 and 2015 and response of the Czech Republic. The main objective of the thesis is to assess the strategy of the Czech Republic in order to eliminate import of Ebola. The thesis is using study of documents and its effort is a complex overview of the given matters. Used documents are especially information and reports of international and Czech organizations, regulations, expert articles, electronic inquiries and media reports. There was defined 5 research questions. First question is focused on the demographic and epidemiological characteristics of the epidemic in West Africa. Second question was analysing steps, which were performed within the system of preparedness for highly contagious infections in the Czech Republic. I have divided the whole strategy of the Czech Republic into 10 points. They consist of the enforcing of International Health Regulation (2005), Decision no. 1082/2013/EU of the EP and of the Council, National action plan for the case of event, which is subject to International Health Regulation and two directives, implementation of special measures on international airports, conclusion of cooperation agreements, transmission of information within the Czech Republic, simulation actions and humanitarian aid. Third question was analysing the respondence of arrival cards at the Václav Havel Airport in Prague. Respondence was approx. 40 %. (Jágrová, 2016a) Fourth question is assessing the efficiency of implemented measures using the recorded cases of suspicion. Although there was not any case of infection in the Czech Republic, it may be concluded, that implemented measures are efficient. Fifth question is focused on the assessment of implemented measures and suggestions, how the response of the Czech Republic may be improved. Preparedness of the Czech Republic was assessed as very good by experts. Also it may be concluded from results, that preparedness is sufficient. Suggested measures, how the response of the Czech Republic may be improved, are related to the system of rapid alert of the public, creation of team for humanitarian aid, maintaining of sufficient capacities and realization of simulation actions.
442

O estudo da disciplina de direito e legislação social nos cursos de Serviço Social: "o sapatinho de cristal" / The study of the discipline of law and social legislation in the courses of Social Service: "the glass slipper"

Almeida, Tatiana Regina de [UNESP] 04 April 2016 (has links)
Submitted by TATIANA REGINA DE ALMEIDA null (tatiana.ralmeida@gmail.com17) on 2016-05-05T13:57:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TATIANA_REGINA_DE_ALMEIDA_30_04_2016.pdf: 1287758 bytes, checksum: 5eb7426f6db3200ecee5a1f7b1154a3a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Felipe Augusto Arakaki (arakaki@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-05-09T13:33:12Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 almeida_tr_me_fran.pdf: 1287758 bytes, checksum: 5eb7426f6db3200ecee5a1f7b1154a3a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-09T13:33:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 almeida_tr_me_fran.pdf: 1287758 bytes, checksum: 5eb7426f6db3200ecee5a1f7b1154a3a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-04 / Esta dissertação procura contextualizar a disciplina de Direito e Legislação Social nos cursos de Serviço Social e sua importância para a formação acadêmica e profissional do assistente social, traçando paralelo entre os currículos do curso, desde 1936, até as atuais diretrizes curriculares. A motivação do trabalho se deve ao pouco referencial teórico referente à mesma, assim como seu aparente descolamento do restante da matriz curricular, em um aparente processo de não diálogo e interação com as demais disciplinas. A investigação foi realizada através de revisão bibliográfica e análise documental das ementas referentes ao objeto de estudo, em contraponto com o referencial teórico, em uma linha de pesquisa histórico-dialética, numa abordagem qualitativa. Tal processo exigiu o levantamento do número de Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) que ofereciam o curso no país, e devido ao grande número de unidades escolares, optou-se por utilizar como parâmetro IES do estado de São Paulo. A dimensão dos dados coletados permitiu verificar a diversidade de propostas educacionais que permeiam o ensino da disciplina, mas que respondem de forma vaga à proposição das Diretrizes Curriculares de 1996, assim como a mesma também se apresenta. Por fim, sugere-se nova ementa para a disciplina em questão. / This paper seeks to contextualize the discipline of Law and Social Legislation in the courses of social work and its importance for academic and professional training of social workers, drawing a parallel between the course curriculum since 1936 to the current curriculum guidelines. The motivation of the work is due to some theoretical framework regarding the same, as well as his apparent detachment from the rest of the curriculum, in an apparent case of no dialogue and interaction with other disciplines. The research was conducted through literature review and documentary analysis of the menus for the object of study, as opposed to the theoretical, in a line of historical-dialectical research, a qualitative approach. This process required raising the number of higher education institutions (HEIs) offering the course in the country, and because of the number of school units, it was decided to use as a parameter university in the state of São Paulo. The size of the data verified the diversity of educational proposals that permeate the teaching of discipline, but responding vaguely to the proposal of the Curricular Guidelines of 1996 and the same is also presented. Finally, it suggests a new menu for the discipline in question.
443

Promoting Sustainability through the Integration of Citizen Science and Ecotourism

Sienknecht, Jos, Villafranca, Daniel, Martel, Jennifer, Lamb, Sarah January 2018 (has links)
This study aims to draw attention to a new concept within the tourism industry that integrates citizen science into an ecotourism product. The merge of citizen science and ecotourism shows potential to play a role in strategic sustainable development and to give ecotourism providers a competitive advantage in the market. However, the environmental and social benefits of this concept can only be realized if it is applied correctly. The framework for strategic for strategic sustainable development (FSSD) was used to address the complexity surrounding ecotourism and the use of citizen science. The study used a mixed method research design by conducting exploratory interviews, and then distributing a questionnaire to validate the qualitative findings. Results demonstrate that the merge of citizen science and ecotourism could contribute to sustainability through education, conservation, local community engagement, and the increased environmental awareness of the travellers. Additionally, it demonstrates that the integration of citizen science in an ecotourism product might create business benefits for the ecotourism providers in conjunction with a dynamic learning experience for the consumer. This study makes adaptions to a widely used citizen science toolkit and recommends appropriate changes to the process in order to ensure that it is effective for ecotourism providers while incorporating sustainability throughout the product design phase.
444

Discursos sobre as práticas no contexto da formação de fisioterapeutas no Rio Grande do Sul / Discourses on practices in the context of physical therapy formation in the state of Rio Grande do Sul

Moraes, Marielly de January 2009 (has links)
Com abordagem qualitativa o presente estudo identifica as principais características dos 27 cursos de fisioterapia existentes no Rio Grande do Sul e problematiza o processo de formação de fisioterapeutas deste Estado a partir do discurso de coordenadores de cursos de Fisioterapia sobre as práticas desenvolvidas no cotidiano da formação. Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo descritivo a partir de dados disponibilizados pelo Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisa Anísio Teixeira, tais como categoria administrativa, carga horária, região de abrangência, tempo de existência do curso, dentre outros; e uma entrevista individual semiestruturada com cinco coordenadores de cursos e um representante da coordenação, os quais relataram sobre a formação acadêmica do fisioterapeuta em suas instituições de ensino e a relação do processo de formação em Fisioterapia com o Sistema Único de Saúde. Os dados das entrevistas foram analisados em seus aspectos qualitativos através de análise discursiva. Os elementos analisados dizem respeito a características gerais da formação, estruturas curriculares, práticas pedagógicas, cenários de prática e perspectivas relacionadas à integralidade da atenção. Os resultados acerca dos 27 cursos evidenciaram que 75% dos cursos estão no setor privado, o número de vagas encontra-se entre 30 e 120, a carga varia entre 3540 e 4865 horas/aula, e houve um aumento de 80% no número de cursos nos últimos sete anos, além de outros achados. Os resultados das entrevistas apontam a predominância de movimentos de transformação no interior dos cursos, os quais, em sua maioria, parecem estar preocupados em seguir algumas orientações das Diretrizes Curriculares. Em meio a características tradicionais como a organização dos cursos por disciplinas, a dificuldade de comunicação entre as áreas de conhecimento e a dicotomia entre teoria e prática e entre ensino e serviço, emergem de alguns cursos novas metodologias de ensino, a ampliação dos cenários de prática, a preocupação com habilidades e competências que contemplem a humanização, e a busca pela horizontalidade das ações em saúde, por parte de alguns cursos. Conclui-se que em meio a este cenário de tensões que se estabelecem nos processo de mudanças, importantes transformações vêm ocorrendo; entretanto, com sinalizações de que há muito para ser feito em direção a uma formação de fisioterapeutas coerente com as necessidades sociais que se apresentam. / Using a qualitative approach, this study identifies the main characteristics of the 27 Physical Therapy courses in the State of Rio Grande do Sul and discusses the process of physical therapist formation in this State based on the discourse of Physical Therapy course coordinators on practices developed during the formation. To do so, a descriptive study was carried out based on data available at Anísio Teixeira Brazilian Institute of Studies and Research, such as administrative category, number of hours, region of coverage, time of course existence, among others. A semi-structured interview was also performed, including five course coordinators and a coordination representative, who reported on the academic formation of physical therapists in their teaching institutions and on the relationship between the process of Physical Therapy formation and the Brazilian Unified Health System. Interview data were analyzed in terms of qualitative aspects through discourse analysis. Analyzed elements are relative to general formation characteristics, curricular structures, pedagogical practices, practice scenarios and perspectives related to integrality of care. Results about the 27 courses showed that 75% of courses are in the private sector; number of vacancies is between 30 and 120; number of hours ranges between 3,540 and 4,865 hours; and there was an 80% increase in number of courses over the past seven years, in addition to other findings. Interview results point to a prevalence of transformation movements within courses, most of which seem to be concerned about following some orientations of Curricular Guidelines. Traditional characteristics include course organization by disciplines, communication difficulty between knowledge areas and dichotomy between theory and practice and between teaching and service. On the other hand, some courses showed new teaching methodologies, widening of practice scenarios, concern about skills and competences that include humanization, and search for horizontality in health actions. It can be concluded that major transformations have been occurring within such scenario of tensions established in the process of changes; however, there are signs indicating that there is much to be done toward a physical therapy formation coherent with the current social needs.
445

The Dissemination of Clinical Practice Guidelines to Arthritis Health Professionals Using Innovative Strategies

De Angelis, Gino 25 June 2018 (has links)
Problem: With an increasing aging Canadian population with chronic diseases such as arthritis, there is an urgent need for health professionals to promote evidence-based arthritis self-management support to their patients. Objective: The overall objective of this thesis was to determine the feasibility of using Facebook as a dissemination strategy for an online evidence-based arthritis self-management program, People Getting a Grip on Arthritis (PGrip), by arthritis health professionals with their patients. Methods: To identify the current evidence and knowledge gaps in regards to the use of innovative dissemination strategies for clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) and social media use for chronic disease self-management among health professionals, two systematic reviews of the literature were conducted. The first systematic review identified research on health professionals’ perceived usability and practice behaviour change of information and communication technologies (ICTs) for the dissemination of CPGs. The second identified research on the perceived usability of social media by health professionals to facilitate chronic disease self-management with their patients. To engage potential knowledge users in the research process, an advisory committee consisting of six arthritis health professional users (two registered nurses, two physiotherapists, and two occupational therapists) was convened to identify barriers and facilitators of using and accessing Facebook as a dissemination strategy for PGrip. The advisory committee was also convened to identify how the PGrip Facebook group page could be tailored to improve usability among arthritis health professionals. A feasibility study of 78 arthritis health professionals was then conducted to determine the feasibility of using Facebook as a dissemination strategy for PGrip among arthritis health professionals to their patients. To guide future research, a protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) was developed that will compare Facebook with an educational website and email to determine which strategy will demonstrate greater perceived usefulness among arthritis health professionals to disseminate the PGrip program with their patients. Results: The findings of the first systematic review revealed that health professionals’ perceived usability and practice behaviour change varies by type of ICT and the heterogeneity and paucity of properly conducted studies did not allow for a clear comparison between studies. The second systematic review revealed that health professionals perceived discussion forums and collaborative projects to be useful social media platforms to facilitate chronic disease self-management with patients. The feasibility study suggested that a Facebook group page can be used as a dissemination strategy for the PGrip program by arthritis health professionals. The Facebook group page was perceived to be usable with patients after two weeks and three months in regards its ease of use and high output quality. Conclusion: The overall research of this thesis provides advanced knowledge on how a Facebook group page as a dissemination strategy for an evidence-based self-management program for patients is perceived by arthritis health professionals. Facebook may provide arthritis health professionals with an additional option of how to best share evidence-based information to allow their patients to successfully self-manage their arthritis. A future pilot RCT is needed to determine whether Facebook is superior to other ICT intervention in regards its perceived usefulness among arthritis health professionals to disseminate the PGrip program with their patients.
446

Políticas públicas de expansão universitária : uma análise do Programa REUNI na UFSCar no período de 2007 a 2014

Henriques, Franciele Lagni 23 February 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-14T20:23:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissFLH.pdf: 1174219 bytes, checksum: 665f13b1a4cfc928a64b35dcfbfdc5d5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-14T20:24:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissFLH.pdf: 1174219 bytes, checksum: 665f13b1a4cfc928a64b35dcfbfdc5d5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-14T20:24:42Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissFLH.pdf: 1174219 bytes, checksum: 665f13b1a4cfc928a64b35dcfbfdc5d5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-14T20:24:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissFLH.pdf: 1174219 bytes, checksum: 665f13b1a4cfc928a64b35dcfbfdc5d5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-23 / Não recebi financiamento / This dissertation presents case study with objective to analyze the implementation Process Program REUNI the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), in the period 2007-2014, highlighting the scope, limits and impacts of agreed objectives and results achieved, especially regarding the overall goals, expanding the supply of public higher education and the social commitment of the institution. This methodological strategy refers to a qualitative approach articulated primary and secondary data, field research. The study showed that the university has expanded in all aspects, but not all agreed targets achieved the expected result, was identified limits in the process and impacts that were not anticipated and that hindered the smooth progress of the program. It is also noted that the incentives were directed more to some quantitative targets, and, those who received incentives from other projects of the government best achieved results. / Esta dissertação apresenta um estudo de caso com objetivo de analisar o processo de implantação do Programa REUNI na Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), no período de 2007 a 2014, com destaque para os alcances, limites e impactos dos objetivos acordados e dos resultados alcançados, principalmente no tocante às metas globais, à ampliação da oferta de educação superior pública e ao compromisso social da instituição. A estratégia metodológica presente refere-se a uma abordagem qualitativa que articulou dados primários e secundários, com uma pesquisa de campo. O estudo permitiu verificar que a universidade expandiu em todos os aspectos, porém, nem todas as metas pactuadas obtiveram o resultado esperado, foi identificado limites no processo, e impactos que não foram previstos e que prejudicaram o bom andamento do Programa. Constata-se também que os incentivos foram direcionados mais para algumas metas quantitativas, e que, aquelas que receberam incentivos de outros projetos do governo, concomitantes ao Programa, obtiveram melhores resultados.
447

Modelagem plana industrial do vestuário: diretrizes para a indústria do vestuário e o ensino-aprendizado

Spaine, Patrícia Aparecida de Almeida [UNESP] 29 September 2010 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-09-29Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:30:47Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 spaine_paa_me_bauru.pdf: 779590 bytes, checksum: 8f7298d02693d9005aeac8f4c5f94f41 (MD5) / No campo do design de moda as pesquisas voltadas para a modelagem plana industrial do vestuário auxiliam no processo de entendimento e desenvolvimento do produto. A pesquisa objetiva delinear diretrizes metodológicas para o processo de ensino da modelagem plana industrial, por meio da identificação da forma como vem sendo ensinada e aprendida nas instituições de ensino e a forma como é construída nas indústrias de vestuário, no pólo regional de Londrina - PR. A revisão de literatura analisa a importância do design de moda e do produto, a modelagem plana industrial do vestuário e sua relação com a ergonomia e com o corpo usuário. A pesquisa qualitativa identifica a visão de modelistas, alunos e docentes no ambiente em questão a cerca do pensamento de construtivo da modelagem plana. De acordo com a análise efetuada entre a revisão de literatura e os questionários aplicados constatou-se a importância da preocupação com a ergonomia, com o corpo usuário, com a antopometria e com a geometria na realização da modelagem plana industrial. O resultado dessa pesquisa foi à elaboração das Diretrizes metodológicas para o processo de ensino da Modelagem plana Industrial, que pode auxiliar na fase de aprendizado da modelagem e durante o processo de construção do molde na indústria de confecção / In the field of fashion design research focused on the flat pattern industrial clothing assit in the process of understanding and product development. The research aims to delineate guidelines methodology for the teaching of industrial flat pattern, by identifying the way they are being taught and learned in educational institutions and how it is built on industry clothing, the regional center of Londrina - PR. The literature review analyzes the importance of fashion design and product modeling flat industrial clothing and its relationship with the ergonomics and body user. Qualitative research identifies the vision of modelers, students and teachers in that environment to some of the thinking of constructive flat pattern. According to the analysis done between the review of literature and questionnaire responses noted the importance of concern with ergonomics, the user body, with anthropometry and with the geometry in the revitalization of industrial flat pattern. The result this reserch was the elaboration of methodological guidelines for teaching process of the Indutrial Modeling flat, which may help modeling the learning phase and during the building process mold in the garment industry
448

A saúde mental, a formação do psicólogo e as diretrizes curriculares nacionais – Territórios em aproximação?

Ribeiro, Sérgio Luiz [UNESP] 10 December 2007 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-12-10Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:17:12Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 ribeiro_sl_me_assis.pdf: 344502 bytes, checksum: 9904bd1cb447d78e021e4ca908533efb (MD5) / A presente pesquisa aborda a formação do psicólogo para a atuação no campo da Saúde Mental. O processo da Reforma Psiquiátrica Brasileira trouxe alterações profundas no entendimento dos transtornos mentais e nas formas de atenção às pessoas acometidas por eles e no papel social atribuído às profissões encarregadas deste cuidado. A Psicologia tem sido historicamente criticada por propiciar uma formação baseada no modelo “clínico”, centrada na doença e no indivíduo, por intermédio da psicoterapia individual em consultórios. Atualmente estão sendo implantadas as Diretrizes Curriculares da Psicologia com objetivo de oferecer ao aluno uma formação básica, científica e generalista que contemple as principais abordagens formadoras do pensamento psicológico contemporâneo. Utilizamos como procedimento a análise documental de estudos de profissionais da área, pesquisas de entidades representativas da profissão, relatórios e legislação dos Ministérios da Educação e da Saúde relacionados à formação do profissional para a Saúde Mental, da trajetória da elaboração das Diretrizes e do perfil deste profissional constante nas mesmas. A análise apontou que as Diretrizes Curriculares fazem referências genéricas sobre a atuação e as habilidades do psicólogo para atuar na Saúde Mental, sendo a única referência direta de um campo de atuação o da Saúde. As Diretrizes indicam que o psicólogo tenha o entendimento do fenômeno psicológico como complexo, multideterminado e produzido socioculturalmente. Porém, as competências e habilidades propostas para este profissional aplicadas no campo da saúde... / This research deals with the formation of the psychologist for the performance in the field of Mental Health. The process of Brazilian Psychiatric Reform brought profound changes in the understanding of mental disorders, forms of attention to people affected by them and the social role assigned to the professions charge of this care. The Psychology has been criticized for historically provide training based on the clinical model, centered on disease and the individual, through individual psychotherapy in office. Currently being deployed National Curricular Guidelines of Psychology, in order to offer the student initial training, scientific and general, which includes the main approaches forming the psychological contemporary, particularly in the area of Health. Used as a procedure to document analysis of studies of professionals in the area, surveys of representative entities of the profession, reports and legislation of the Ministry of Education and Health related to the vocational training for Mental Health, the trajectory of the preparation of Guidelines and the profile of this professional constant in them. The analysis indicated that the Curricular Guidelines make general references on the performance and skills of the psychologist for Mental Health, and the only direct reference to a field of expertise the Health. The Guidelines indicate that the psychologist has the understanding of the psychological phenomenon as complex, multidetermined and produced socioculturally. However, the actions expected of this professional, discriminated into skills and competencies, seem in the perspective of the model Preventive-Community, in particular, as regards recovery... (Abstract click electronic access below)
449

Primeiro rastreamento organizado regional no Brasil : barreiras relacionadas á realidade do exame de mamografia /

Lourenço, Tânia Silveira. January 2009 (has links)
Orientador: René Aloísio da Costa Vieira / Banca: Gilberto Uemura / Banca: Carlos Antonio Ruiz / Resumo: A mamografia constitui o método populacional mais eficaz na redução da mortalidade por câncer de mama, visto a elevação do diagnóstico de lesões precoces. Países em desenvolvimento apresentam uma elevação na incidência e mortalidade por câncer de mama, decorrente da limitação do exame de mamografia e de programas efetivos de rastreamento. Há inúmeras barreiras relacionadas a não realização do exame de mamografia, podendo estar relacionadas ao sistema de saúde, à educação e à adesão da paciente. Iniciou-se em 2003 na DRS-V um rastreamento mamográfico, controlando as variáveis relacionadas ao sistema de saúde e educação. Na região da DRS/V do Estado de São Paulo, constituída por 19 cidades, iniciou-se um rastreamento mamográfico organizado, a mulheres na faixa etária dos 40-69 anos, através de uma Unidade Móvel de Prevenção (UMP) contendo um mamógrafo, ou em uma unidade fixa, em local onde havia limitação prévia a realização deste exame. Avaliou-se as características de 17.964 mulheres atendidas nos dois primeiros anos do projeto, sendo avaliado as características desta população; e após a cobertura populacional de 50,3% das mulheres, foram entrevistadas 550 mulheres que nunca haviam realizado o exame de mamografia anteriormente. Nas mulheres refratárias foi aplicado questionário avaliando o conhecimento sobre o auto-exame da mama, a importância da mamografia, bem como estratégias para identificação desta população refratária ao exame. No início do projeto o Programa de Saúde da Família foi o principal fator motivador a realização do exame de mamografia (46,8%) e a maioria dos exames foi realizada em UMP (63,7). Cerca de 42,1% das mulheres nunca havia realizado o exame de mamografia na vida, sendo que as mulheres que não haviam realizado o exame previamente constituído principalmente de mulheres da faixa etária 40-69 anos, baixa... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Mammography breast screening is related to early breast cancer diagnosis and the reduction of breast mortality is related to the increase in early breast cancer diagnosis. Developing countries have an increase in incidence and mortality for breast cancer is related to low income of mammography and the absence of organized screening. There are barriers related to the low adherence to mammography exam, and the main reasons are related to health system, education and adherence to guidelines. In 2003 started in DRS-V a mammography screening controlling the factors related to health system and knowledge. We began a mammographic screening in São Paulo state DRS/5 region, consisted with 19 cities, a mammographic breast cancer screening in women between 40-69 years old using a Mobile Unit with a mammography or in a fixed unit. We evaluated the characteristics of 17.964 women screened from the first two years of the project. When 50,3% of women had been screened we found 550 women non adherent to the project and applied questions related to the knowledge about breast clinical examination or reasons related to non adherence to mammography exam, and we analyze the strategies used to find these women. The "Programa de Saúde da Família" was the main factor related to adherence to mammography (46,8%) and the main local related to exams was the Mobile Unit (63,7%). There were 42,1% of the women who hadn't done de mammography in their life's and these women were principally between 40-49 years old, low socio-economic status and low income. There was an inverse relation in mammography previously and years of schooling and income. There was 39,2% early breast cancer diagnosis. The 550 women had low years of schooling (84,7%), low income (66,8%) and were between 42-49 years old (43,8%). The clinical frequently doesn't realize breast examination (14,9%), and low women know how to do this exam... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre
450

Análise do processo de implementação das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais do curso em Farmácia no Estado do Rio de Janeiro: um estudo exploratório / Analysis of the National Curricular Guidelines for Pharmacy course in the state of Rio de Janeiro process: an exploratory study

Vivian da Silva Furtado 09 July 2008 (has links)
O estabelecimento das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais do curso de graduação em Farmácia (DCNF) ocasionou muitas discussões acerca da formação dos farmacêuticos, visto que demandam mudanças significativas nessa formação. Essas mudanças envolvem, entre outros aspectos, o componente humanístico e crítico da profissão, o que significa repensar a formação do farmacêutico e até mesmo sua própria identidade como profissional, que apresenta um perfil eminente técnico. Este trabalho tem por foco o processo de implementação das DCNF no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Buscou-se verificar com esta vem se desenvolvendo e identificar alguns dos embates, entraves e avanços nesse processo. Para a análise, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com os coordenadores de um conjunto de cursos selecionados, além do exame dos currículos e projetos pedagógicos dos mesmos, com base nas DCNF. Os resultados demonstram que a construção das novas propostas de formação dos cursos, ocorreu a partir do currículo anterior. Houve uma baixa participação dos alunos e docentes no processo e também ocorreram conflitos entre departamentos, além da inadequação da estrutura universitária. A diretriz da formação voltada para atenção à saúde com ênfase no SUS estimulou a abertura para discussões acerca do Sistema de Saúde e conduziu a inserção dos alunos no mesmo, também causou questionamentos e preocupação, por se considerar essa formação restritiva em relação ao mercado de trabalho. A implementação das propostas enfrentou dificuldade que envolveram a carga horária docente, dificuldade de inserção dos alunos em estágio em algumas áreas de atuação e a falta de investimentos no setor público, tanto de infraestrutura, como de pessoal, além das dificuldades inerentes ao processo de transição entre os currículos. Nenhum curso promoveu iniciativas sistemáticas de desenvolvimento docente e a diversificação dos cenários ensino-aprendizagem (e parcerias como serviços de saúde) ainda são muito incipientes. Foram apontados pelos próprios coordenadores alguns desafios a serem superados para mudança do perfil do farmacêutico: ruptura da concepção tecnicista na formação; inserção do farmacêutico nas equipes multiprofissionais de saúde (exercendo seu papel de forma eficiente e resolutiva); e a sensibilização dos docentes para melhor compreensão e comprometimento com as mudanças necessárias para se alcançar a formação desejada. Em relação a avaliação do MEC e cobrança da implementação das DC, os entrevistados sugerem que os cursos privados, são mais pressionados pelo Ministério. Paradoxalmente as universidade privadas podem acabar por implementar as DC em seus cursos com mais rapidez do que as universidades públicas, e portanto estarem mais voltadas para atender as demandas do SUS, por serem mais sensíveis a esta pressão. De acordo com os resultados dessa pesquisa, considera-se que já ocorreram, alguns avanços em decorrência do estabelecimento das DCNF, que se refletiram em mudanças nos cursos estudados. Entretanto, faz-se necessário e urgente o desenvolvimento de estratégias que garantam avanços mais sistemáticos nas mudanças na formação do farmacêutico. / The establishment of the National Curricula Guideline for Pharmacy Graduate Course (DCNF) arose many discussions on the formation of pharmacists, due to the changes caused in this formation. These changes involved, besides other aspects, the humanistic and critical part of this profession, which means to re-think the pharmacist formation and even his own identity as professional, with a basically technical profile. This work focuses on the process of implementation of the DCNF in the State do Rio de Janeiro. It aimed to verify how it is being developed and to identity some brunts, impediments and developments in this process. Semistructured interviews were conducted with coordinators of selected courses, and curricula and pedagogical projects were analyzed, based on the DCNF. Results show that the construction of new courses was based on the previous curriculum. Few students and teachers took part in the process, and also there were conflicts among departments, besides inadequate university structure. Formation guidelines for health care focusing on the Unified Health System (SUS) stimulated discussions on the health system and integration of students, but also arose questions and worry, since this formation was considered restrictive for the work market. The implementation of proposals faced difficulties concerning teaching working hours, integrations of students into some training areas and the lack of investments in the public sector, for infrastructure and personnel, besides difficulties of transition between curricula. No course had systematic initiatives for teacher development, and the distinct teaching-learning sceneries (and partnership with health services) still are very incipient. The coordinators pointes some challenges to be tackled so as to change the pharmacists profile: to serve the technicist concept of formation; to integrate the pharmacist in health multi-professional teams (to play its role efficiently and resolving); and to and to sensitize teacher to better understand and be committed with the necessary needs to reach the desired formation. Concerning the Education Ministrys evaluation and the implementation of these guidelines, the interviews suggested that private courses suffer more pressure from the Ministry. Paradoxally, privates universities can implement the guideline more quickly than the public ones. So they will try to meet the SUSs demands, as they this pressure more intensely. According to the researchs results, there was some progress after the establishment of the DCNF, reflected on changes in the courses under study. However, it is necessary and urgent to develop strategies that ensure more systematic improvements in the changes of the pharmacist formation.

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