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This study investigates the ways in which healthy school initiatives shape teachers’ identities on both a professional and personal level. Using social constructionism as a research lens, and drawing on the research literature pertaining to health promotion, critical obesity and fatness discourses, body pedagogy, and the embodiment of health, teachers’ experiences working within the healthy school environments are explored. This study seeks to better understand how teachers navigate the dominant discourses of biopedagogies and how these discourses shape their professional and personal lives. Discourses of health and identity are explored through individual interviews with generalist early-years teachers in one school division in Manitoba to get a sense of how health is understood both inside and outside the classroom for today’s practicing teachers. / May 2016

A adoção de hábitos saudáveis como a prática de atividades físicas, alimentação equilibrada, sono saudável e a cessação do tabagismo tem sido apontada como importante medida para melhorar a saúde, a qualidade de vida e facilitar a prevenção e controle de algumas doenças crônicas na população. Assim, intervenções em saúde que visam orientar e facilitar a adoção de tais hábitos são componentes importantes e necessários no planejamento de programas de promoção da saúde. Mesmo que desconsiderássemos qualquer outro benefício além do financeiro, este já seria suficiente para justificar ações voltadas para a promoção da saúde por possibilitarem otimização dos recursos materiais e humanos nas intervenções em saúde . Visando ampliar ainda mais este benefício, novas tecnologias capazes de reduzir custos e manter qualidade de atendimento têm sido pesquisadas. É neste contexto que a abordagem telefônica para promover saúde surge como uma opção. Este estudo tem a finalidade de avaliar a efetividade da abordagem telefônica na promoção da saúde. O estudo foi realizado no Centro de Promoção da Saúde da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, com 46 indivíduos. Foram feitos de 3 a 5 contatos por pessoa, por meio dos quais foram feitas orientações e intervenções baseadas nos preceitos da Terapia Cognitivo-Comportamental e do Modelo Transteórico. Os resultados mostraram que, após a intervenção, os clientes que receberam cinco contatos telefônicos, mudaram o comportamento, passando a praticar alguma atividade física com regularidade e melhorando a qualidade do sono, esta mudança foi estatisticamente significativa. Os outros comportamentos estudados não apresentaram mudança estatisticamente significativas após 3 ou 5 contatos, apesar de alguns clientes apresentarem mudanças favoráveis em seu comportamento, principalmente no grupo que recebeu 5 contatos. Concluindo, a abordagem telefônica favoreceu a adoção de hábitos saudáveis, mostrando-se, portanto, como uma estratégia de apoio favorável à promoção da saúde. / The adoption of healthy habits such as physical activities, balanced diet, healthy sleep, and the cessation of smoking have been pointed out as important measures to improve health, quality of life and further the prevention and control of some chronic diseases in our population. As such, healthy interventions aiming to guide and further the adoption of these habits are important and necessary compounds in the planning of programs dedicated to promoting healthy lifestyles. Even if we do not consider any other benefit, aside from the financial benefit, this would already be enough to justify actions taken for promoting a healthy lifestyle since this could optimize material and human resources in the areas dedicated to health. Aiming to extend even more this benefit, research is being done to find new technologies capable of reducing costs and maintaining the quality of attendance. It is in this context that the telephonic approach for healthy lifestyle promotion appears as an option. This study intended to evaluate the effectiveness of the telephonic approach for healthy lifestyle promotion. This study was performed at the Healthy Lifestyle Promotion Center of the University of São Paulo Medical School, with 46 individuals. Each individual received 3 to 5 telephone calls through which guidance and interventions were made based on Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and Transtheoretical Model norms. The results pointed out, that after this intervention the clients, who had received 5 telephone calls, changed their behavior, They started to practice some form of regular physical activity and changed their quality of sleep, this change was statistically significant. The remaining behaviors studied showed no statistically significant changes after the 3 to 5 telephone calls, although some clients presented favorable behavior changes, principally in the group that had received the 5 telephone calls. In conclusion, the telephonic approach indeed has furthered the adoption of healthy lifestyle habits, and thus has shown to be an favourable strategy in the promotion of healthy lifestyles.

This research sought to develop and test a health behaviour change intervention for overweight and inactive UK adults, aged 35-74 years, using the concept of an evolutionary mismatch to frame health information. The mismatch concept posits that human culture has evolved too rapidly for biological evolution to keep up, meaning the human body is poorly adapted to cope with the modern environment, predisposing us to chronic disorders. The first study explored whether using the mismatch concept to frame health information would be acceptable and engaging to target users. Mismatch-based text and graphic resources were shown to participants in semi-structured interviews. They had good acceptability, generated interest and seemed to provide a meaningful rationale for behaviour change. Following further development, the second study tested whether the resources could improve people's understanding of the effects of physical activity and diet on health and bring about change in theory-based cognitive determinants of behaviour. This questionnaire-based study found the resources enhanced knowledge and effected positive changes in most of the targeted cognitions. The mismatch resources were then developed into an online intervention also incorporating evidence-based behaviour change techniques. The third study evaluated this intervention in a pilot randomised controlled trial. The intervention did not lead to significantly greater improvement in physical activity or diet than a minimal intervention comparison, however the behavioural and health changes achieved in the intervention group were of meaningful effect size. Process evaluation provided partial support for hypothesised mechanisms of behaviour change. The findings suggest the mismatch concept could be a useful frame to stimulate initial interest and motivation in health interventions; combined with additional behavioural techniques this can help promote healthy lifestyle change. Further work is needed to test the efficacy of a mismatch-framed intervention among populations of different ages, ethnicities and religious beliefs.

Nurses are caregivers who are instrumental in improving patient outcomes through providing hands-on care and health education. In addition to performing prescribed interventions and providing instruction to patients, nurses can also have a positive impact by modeling healthy behaviors for their patients (Blake & Harrison, 2012). Nurses educate patients on the importance of maintaining healthy habits such as eating well, getting enough sleep and exercise, and avoiding alcohol and drug use; however, studies demonstrate that nurses have similar difficulty maintaining healthy lifestyles as the general population’s and in some cases are even more prone to develop problems with unhealthy habits. This discrepancy in knowledge versus behaviors may be due to high levels of occupational stress, struggles with balancing life and work, and added strain from working extended shifts (Marchiondo, 2014). This perceived discrepancy may negatively impact the patient-nurse relationship as patients may be less likely to follow the health advice of someone who does not appear to apply their own recommendations for healthy living (Zapka, Lemon, Magner, & Hale, 2009). Exploring how the patient views the nurse’s role is critical to determining if patients perceive nurses as one dimensional in their role as caregivers or if nurses’ care and personal appearances or behaviors impact patient health, care, and wellness. The results may identify a barrier to treatment requiring additional education for nurses regarding expanded role development and improving patient health.

Actualmente, las personas optan por alimentos más saludables y buscan alimentos que complementen sus comidas, es decir, sean más balanceados. Por ello, el presente proyecto consiste de nutri batidos a base de avena y quinua, leche de almendras y frutas como Arándanos, Lúcuma y Fresa, este producto destaca principalmente por ser natural, saludable y no contiene lactosa, además que puedes consumirlo en cualquier momento del día. Al analizar la viabilidad de este proyecto, se pudo identificar que nuestro tamaño de mercado se encuentra en las zonas 6 y 7 de Lima Metropolitana en los NSE A y B, que permitió detectar un público poco satisfecho debido a la falta de productos sin lactosa, frutados naturalmente y sean saludables por el contenido de quinua y avena. Por ello, 4Lite se presenta ante nuestro público objetivo como una opción bebible y de fácil consumo debido a su presentación de 300ml y su botella de material eco amigable. Para poner en marcha este proyecto, se requerirá una inversión inicial de 14,500 soles, financiado básicamente por el aporte de los cinco accionistas que cuenta 4Lite. Se estima recuperar el dinero invertido al segundo año de operación. / Nowadays, people opt for healthier foods and look for foods that complement their meals, something more balanced. Therefore, the present project consists of nutri smothies based on oats and quinoa, almond milk and fruits such as Blueberries, Lucuma and Strawberry, this product stands out mainly for being natural, healthy and lactose-free, also you can consume it at any time of the day. When analyzing the viability of this project, it was possible to identify that our market size is located in zones 6 and 7 of Metropolitan Lima in NSE A and B, which allowed us to detect an unhappy public due to the lack of products without lactose, naturally fruity and healthy due to the content of quinoa and oats. Therefore, 4Lite is presented to our target audience as a drinkable and easy to consume option due to its presentation of 300ml and its bottle of eco-friendly material. To start up this project, an initial investment of 14,500 soles will be required, basically financed by the contribution of the five shareholders that 4Lite has. It is estimated to recover the money invested in the second year of operation. / Trabajo de investigación

En el presente trabajo de investigación nos enfocaremos en probar la viabilidad de un negocio basado en la comercialización de frutas picadas envasadas por delivery, dirigido a personas que trabajan en empresas dentro del distrito de San Isidro en la ciudad de Lima. Para ello se han investigado las tendencias del entorno, tales como los hábitos de consumo de la población y la digitalización de la sociedad, la cual viene en aumento en nuestro país, con una proyección de crecimiento del e-commerce cada vez mayor. La Organización Mundial de la Salud recomienda el consumo de 400 gramos de frutas al día, el equivalente a 5 frutas; sin embargo, los limeños consumen solo 100 gramos de frutas y verduras como parte de su alimentación diaria. Teniendo en cuenta la tendencia de consumo de productos saludables y naturales, la cual está en crecimiento, es importante considerar la oportunidad de mercado en relación al bajo consumo de frutas. Así mismo, los estilos de vida cada vez más acelerados demandan ahorro de tiempo, por lo que el consumidor busca productos más prácticos. Como parte de la investigación se realizó un sondeo de mercado con la intención de validar el modelo de negocio. Para llevar este proyecto a cabo se ha desarrollado las cuatro variables del marketing mix, incorporando los resultados de la investigación realizada. Finalmente, se ha desarrollado la validación económica y financiera de manera que se demuestra la rentabilidad de la propuesta del plan de negocio. / In this research work we will focus on testing the viability of a business based on the marketing of chopped fruit by delivery, aimed at people working in companies within the district of San Isidro in the city of Lima. To this end, environmental trends have been investigated, such as the consumption habits of the population and the digitalization of society, which is increasing in our country, with a projection of growing e-commerce. The World Health Organization recommends the consumption of 400 grams of fruit per day, the equivalent of 5 fruits. However, Lima residents consume only 100 grams of fruits and vegetables as part of their daily diet. Taking into account the trend of consumption of healthy and natural products, which is growing, it is important to consider the market opportunity in relation to low fruit consumption. Similarly, accelerating lifestyles require time saving, so the consumer is looking for more practical products. As part of the investigation, a market survey was carried out with the intention of validating the business model. To carry out this project, the four marketing mix variables have been developed, incorporating the results of the research carried out. Finally, the economic and financial validation has been developed in order to demonstrate the profitability of the business plan proposal. / Trabajo de Investigación

The World Health Organisation has developed a concept of ecological health- a notion that health, using a broad definition, is a product of the societies and environments in which we live. It is the aim of the WHO to achieve "Health for All by the Year 2000." This reform agenda incorporates education as a tool for social change. This study investigates the role of education in social change, with local and global health as an objective. The background to the development of this concept is outlined, as are the social issues that make this such an important perspective. Theories of social formation and the role of the school in relation to society are discussed, and the research that confirms that schools do "make a difference" reported. Definitions of change, factors affecting social change and models of change are described. Factors relating specifically to educational change are outlined and related to examples of educational change, designed to promote social change, in Australia. Case studies, composed of descriptions of schools written by staff members to illustrate the process of working towards becoming "Healthy School Communities" and transcripts of interviews, are analysed to determine the extent and type of change that is taking place within each school, and how the changes are happening. Schools reported changes to attitude, understanding, policies and practice. The analysis is then discussed, and the conclusion reached that this construct of education has some useful conceptual frameworks, for the cultural changes that are occurring in Australia and other Western cultures.

Abstract   Emma Bergdahl Obstacles and opportunities among occupational health nurses when implementing healthy eating habits. C thesis in Public Health. Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies. University of Gävle. Autumn 2012   Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate which obstacles and opportunities nurses within occupational health find when trying to implement healthy eating habits among the employees in their respective company. Another objective was to see if the nurses worked according to the Guidelines, issued by the National Board of Health and Welfare. Method: The study was a quantitative study and conducted among nurses in central Sweden. A web survey was distributed to nurses who chose to participate. The response rate was 66 percent. The results were compiled in Excel since the characters and results are displayed in the form of figures, text and quotes. Results: The results showed that the most common obstacles found by nurses when trying to implement healthy eating habits among workers, were lack of motivation, lack of time and finances of companies. The opportunities were motivation, cooperation with other actors and adequate knowledge in the field. Healthy eating habits received low priority among the nurses. Conclusion: Motivation will always be necessary in order to change lifestyle or habits. Therefore, a high priority must be to work more with how to motivate those individuals who may not be so inclined to make a change.

Obesity is a public health concern that affects over 30% of Americans. Approximately 78% of African-American women are overweight/obese, as compared to 46% of Caucasian women. Obese African-American women are at higher risk for associated morbidities (e.g., hypertension, type II diabetes, select cancers, and early mortality) as compared to non-Hispanic whites. Weight gain after young adulthood (ages 20-35) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and other health problems later in life. Research that seeks to explain, predict, or control obesity among African-American women has focused on individual behavior change. Few studies have addressed the social contexts within which these behaviors occur. The purpose of this exploratory study was to examine the weight-related beliefs, behaviors, and social network characteristics of obese, young adult African-American women. A conceptual framework based on social support and social network theory guided the design of the study. Ten African-American women between the ages of 20 and 35, self-described as “plus-size” or “full-figured,” completed initial informal conversations about weight-related issues and concerns and semi-structured, in-depth face-to-face interviews. Five participants were randomly selected to complete social network profiles to identify potential social influences on weight-related beliefs and behaviors. Results of the initial conversations revealed approximately half of the participants were class III obesity (BMI > 40), reported overall good health, and 70% participated in physical activity at least one day a week. Semi-structured interviews results disclosed two primary reasons for unsuccessful long-term weight loss: (a) inconsistent weight loss behaviors and (b) lack of accountability. Weight-related beliefs and behaviors of study participants were similar to those reported for older adult African-American women. Similarities included (a) mixed levels of body satisfaction; (b) the belief that health is not determined by weight; (c) sedentary lifestyles and; (d) social support from family and friends impacts long-term weight loss success. The five social network profiles indicated participants’ networks are small, comprised of at least two overweight/obese females, and exhibited positive social support behaviors. Social networks included positive, negative, and non-positive relationships. Social support for weight loss is shared among network members through face-to-face interactions, phone conversations, and use of social media tools such as Facebook, Twitter, and text messaging. Future healthy weight studies would benefit from comprehensive analyses of the social networks of obese, young adult African-American women, inclusive of interviews with social network members. Culture-based healthier weight interventions that organize social support networks through social media tools are promising strategies for promoting healthy weight management among obese, young adult African-American women.