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Detta examensarbete har utförts vid Lenze AB i Linköping åt kunden Texo Application AB för att utveckla en madrasstestare. Utvecklingen innefattade programmering av PLC med HMI och frekvensomvandlare för att driva systemet. Madrasstestarens är menad att testa madrasser/sängar för att säkerställa att de är godkända för försäljning genom att en press trycker med varierat tryck på madrassen. Slutprodukten blev en CSV-fil som listar moment från noll till 1000 Nm och position på pressen för varannat moment. / This Bachelor thesis has been done for Lenze AB in Linköping for the customer Texo Application AB, the project was to develop a machine to test mattresses. The development affected PLC-programming with built HMI and inverters to control the system. The machine is designed to test mattresses before they are approved for sales by applying pressure with various force on the mattress. The end product will be a CSV-file witch lists a torque from zero to 1000 Nm and the position of the press for every other torque.

Master’s thesis describes creating of virtual reality in VRML Language with use of VRML Pad editor and VRealm Builder. The thesis consists of the described objects in Simulink 3D Animation Library which are used for 3D Virtual scenes and connection of dynamics from Matlab/Simulink. Dynamics is created in Matlab/Simulink and connected by TCP/IP protocol to system PLC S7-1500. In the PLC is program for control of technology process. Process is visualized by HMI by Siemens AG and supplied by basic setting of connected communication and technology process.

This thesis focuses on creating an application that allows generation of PLC and HMI programs using TIA Openness. The application is programmed to separate logic from graphics, which is beneficial in case of a change of the visuals of the application. Generating programs is possible thanks to the XML transcription or by creating a configuration within the application guide. The generating is done by overwriting source XML files contained in the application library according to the selected configuration. The application was created with Framework Windows Forms in C#. A reference set of device modules has been created for PLC and HMI in the development environment of TIA Portal V15.1. The source XML files, on the basis of which the generating is carried out, were then obtained by exporting a reference set and placed into the application library. With a simulation tool Factory I/O and S-7 PLCSIM it was verified that the generated program is, thanks to the mapping of variables on pins of blocks, fully functional in manual mode. At the same time it was proved that it is possible to generate programs for different devices which signifies the versatile use of this application. The contribution of this work is the significant reduction of time when creating new PLC and HMI programs.

This dissertation describes vulnerability research in the area of critical infrastructure security. The intent of this research is to develop a set of recommendations and guidelines for improving the security of Industrial Control System (ICS) and Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition systems software. Specifically, this research focuses on the Human- Machine Interface (HMI) software that is used on control panel workstations. This document covers a brief introduction to control systems security terminology in order to define the research area, a hypothesis for the research, and a discussion of the contribution that this research will provide to the field. Previous work in the area by other researchers is summarized, followed by a description of the vulnerability research, analysis, and creation of deliverables. Technical information on the details of a number of vulnerabilities is presented for a number of HMI vulnerabilities, for which either the author has performed the analysis, or from public vulnerability disclosures where sufficient information about the vulnerabilities is available. Following the body of technical vulnerability information, the common features and characteristics of known vulnerabilities in HMI software are discussed, and that information is used to propose a taxonomy of HMI vulnerabilities. Such a taxonomy can be used to classify HMI vulnerabilities and organize future work on identifying and mitigating such vulnerabilities in the future. Finally, the contributions of this work are presented, along with a summary of areas that have been identified as interesting future work.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T19:25:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Leandro Cesar Mehret.pdf: 8744490 bytes, checksum: 465e2639fa577422eaca8eaa7960c516 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-24 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Helioseismology aims to study the oscillations observed on the surface of the Sun. These oscillations are acoustic and stationary waves called p modes, and penetrate the solar interior and provide information about the internal structure. Because these waves have small amplitudes, they can be dealed with small perturbations in a model in hydrostatic equilibrium. Acoustic waves can be represented by spherical harmonics, characterized by l degree, m order and n order (nodes on radial direction). The p modes are waves whose restoration force are pressure, and g modes are waves whose restoration force are gravity. The data analyzed in this study were obtained from the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) that integrates the SDO mission (Solar Dynamics Observatory). Filtergrams are narrow band wavelength filters very close to some absorption line of the Sun. From the filtergrams obtained by the HMI, a processing pipeline generates the arrays and, describing the limb brightness and displacement as a function of central angle around the limb, respectively. Through a computer program developed in IDL (Interactive Data Language), used to calculate the Fourier transform of the arrays and we obtained the modes, and compared the results of the transform with frequencies of oscillation modes obtained by other authors (in the literature) using data obtained by MDI (Michelson Doppler Imager) and GONG (Global Oscillation Network Group), in order to find the characteristic frequencies of the modes. From this analysis, we obtained the relation between amplitude and frequency for the modes, it has been found that the behavior of the full width at half maximum as a function of the frequency confirm some results found in the literature, it was found larger amplitudes for low frequencies, confirming the theoretical prediction of Toutain’s model (1998) and we found the arise of degeneracy of the modes for different m values. It was also found that the noise presence in data is significant, and probably is the main source of error. / A Heliosismologia tem por objetivo o estudo das oscilações observadas na superfície do Sol. Estas oscilações são ondas acústicas estacionárias chamadas modos p, que penetram no interior solar e trazem informações sobre a estrutura interna. Por causa da sua pequena amplitude, essas oscilações podem ser tratadas com pequenas perturbações em um modelo em equilibrio hidrostático. As ondas acústicas podem ser representadas por meio de harmônicos esféricos, caracterizados pelo grau l, ordem m e ordem n (nós na direção radial). Os modos p são ondas cuja força restauradora é a pressão, enquanto os modos g são ondas cuja força restauradora é a gravidade. Os dados analisados neste trabalho foram obtidos a partir do Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) que integra a missão SDO (Solar Dynamics observatory). Filtrogramas são filtros de banda de comprimento de onda bem estreito próximos de uma determinada linha de absorção do Sol. A partir dos filtrogramas obtidos pelo HMI, um pipeline de processamento de dados gera os vetores e , que descrevem o brilho e o deslocamento em função do ângulo central em torno do limbo, respectivamente. Através de um programa computacional desenvolvido em linguagem IDL (Interactive Data Language), calculou-se a transformada de Fourier dos vetores e obtendo-se os modos, e comparou-se o resultado da transformada com frequências dos modos de oscilação obtidos por outros autores (na literatura) usando dados obtidos pelo MDI (Michelson Doppler Imager) e pelo GONG (Global Oscillation Network Group) para encontrar as frequências características dos modos. Com resultados desta análise, obteve-se a relação entre a amplitude e a frequência para os modos, verificou-se que o comportamento da largura à meia altura em função da frequência confirma alguns resultados encontrados na literatura, constatou-se a existência de amplitudes maiores para baixas frequências, confirmando-se a previsão teórica do modelo de Toutain (1998) e verificou-se o levantamento da degenerescência dos modos para diferentes valores de m. Também constatou-se que a presença de ruído nos dados foi significativa, constituindo provavelmente a principal fonte de erro.

When developing a Human-Machine-Interface (HMI) it is important to make sure that it is easy to learn and use, to have high usability. If it does not, the operator of the machine suffers unnecessarily and it also becomes harder to sell for the producer of the machine. The effectiveness and efficiency of the machine drops down when it is hard to operate. To make it easier for future developers to reach a high usability factor when developing a HMI, this thesis aimed to find a carefully prepared process to follow when doing so. The result was a process that was tested out with a HMI prototype for waterjet cutting machines. This prototype was then tested in different use cases by both experienced operators as well as beginners. The testing produced positive feedback on the prototype, proving that the process that had been followed was being successful. / När man utvecklar ett Människa-Maskin-Gränssnitt (HMI) så är det viktigt att se till att det är lätt att lära sig och använda, att det har hög användbarhet. Ifall den inte har det så försämrar det operatörers situation i onödan och gör det svårare för producenter att sälja produkten. Produktionseffektiviteten minskar ifall maskinen är svår att hantera. För att göra det lättare för framtida utvecklare att nå en hög användbarhet när de utvecklar ett HMI så siktade detta examensarbete på att hitta en genomtänkt process att följa vid ett sådant tillfälle. Resultatet blev en process som testades via en HMI prototyp för vattenskärnings maskiner. Denna prototyp blev sedan testad i olika användarfall av både erfarna operatörer och nybörjare. Testerna visade sig ge positiv återkoppling, vilket bevisade att processen som följts upp till den punkten fungerade.

Thesis advisor: Robert Signorile / It has long been known that as neurons fire within the brain they produce measurable electrical activity. Electroencephalography (EEG) is the measurement and recording of these electrical signals using sensors arrayed across the scalp. Though there is copious research in using EEG technology in the fields of neuroscience and cognitive psychology, it is only recently that the possibility of utilizing EEG measurements as inputs in the control of computers has emerged. The idea of Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) which allow the control of devices using brain signals evolved from the realm of science fiction to simple devices that currently exist. BCIs naturally present themselves to many extremely useful applications including prosthetic devices, restoring or aiding in communication and hearing, military applications, video gaming and virtual reality, and robotic control, and have the possibility of significantly improving the quality of life of many disabled individuals. However, current BCIs suffer from many problems including inaccuracies, delays between thought, detection, and action, exorbitant costs, and invasive surgeries. The purpose of this research is to examine the Emotiv EPOC© System as a cost-effective gateway to non-invasive portable EEG measurements and utilize it to build a thought-based BCI to control the Parallax Scribbler® robot. This research furthers the analysis of the current pros and cons of EEG technology as it pertains to BCIs and offers a glimpse of the future potential capabilities of BCI systems. / Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2010. / Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Computer Science Honors Program. / Discipline: Computer Science.

<p>Syftet med studien var att utvärdera om kranspetsstyrning i skogsmaskiner är ett enklare styrsystem att lära sig från grunden och om arbetsbelastningen värderades lägre, än den konventionella styrningen. Meningen var även att kartlägga skillnader i inlärningsprocessen samt i upplevd arbetsbelastning. Detta krävde konstruktion av mätmetoder för insamling av relevant information. </p><p>Utvärderingen gjordes i enskogsmaskinsimulator vid manövrering av skotare samt genom enkätundersökningar. Studien genomfördes med hjälp av försöksdeltagare från naturbruksgymnasiet Jällaskolan i Uppsala. Övningar och tester utfördes i skogsmaskinsimulatorn. Prestationer dokumenterades med hjälp av färdighetstester och enkäter. </p><p>Resultaten av studien visar tydligt att kranspetsgruppen presterar signifikant bättre i samtliga kategorier som mätts genom tester, med undantag av åtgången tid per test. Avseende tid är kranspetgruppen inte statistiskt säkert bättre, men gruppens förbättringstakt är avsevärt högre än den konventionella gruppen, vars resultat hålls på samma nivå över perioden. Därmed visar studien att kranspetsstyrning i de gjorda testerna är ett enklare system att lära sig från grunden. Kvalitativa undersökningar visade att kranspetsgruppen i genomsnitt värderade arbetsbelastningen av testkörningarna lägre än den konventionella gruppen.</p>