The present research examines the relationships between happiness and variables of gender, age and marital status as well as the degrees of happiness most frequently experienced by people. The sample was constituted by 163 males and females, between the ages of 20 and 60 years, single and married, and from middle class strata. They were administered the Scale of Satisfaction with Life, developed by Diener, with and added item to measure the degrees of happiness. There is no significan! statistically difference between genders; according to age the only significan contras! was between 30 and 50 years, with the notation that the highest means corresponded to ages 50 and 60 years old; married people were found to be happier than single ones. In general, the majority reported feeling happy, the other degrees contained very few frecuencies. / Se examinaron las presuntas relaciones entre felicidad, género, edad y estado conyugal; asimismo, se determinaron los niveles de felicidad que con mayor frecuencia experimentan las personas.Se trabajó con 163 sujetos de clase media, solteros y casados, de 20 a 60 años, quienes absolvieron la Escala de Satisfacción con la Vida de Diener más un ítem que indagó los niveles de felicidad.Los resultados señalan que no existen diferencias significativas entre las puntuaciones medias de felicidad de varones y mujeres. Según la edad, el único contraste significativo se encontró entre 30 y 50 años y las medias más elevadas correspondieron a los 50 y 60 años.Se halló que las personas casadas son más felices que las solteras. Finalmente, el mayor número de sujetos reportó sentirse feliz y los demás niveles agruparon muy pocas frecuencias.

M. Tech. (Department of Human Resource Management, Faculty of Management Sciences), Vaal University of Technology. / Law enforcement departments require staff members that are psychologically stable when facing stressful, unpleasant and undesirable situations during work activities. The literature indicates that law enforcers are exposed to dangerous and unpredictable situations; hence, emotional intelligence, resilience and happiness are important to them. Although the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI), resilience and happiness are considered essential, previous research based on these constructs within the law enforcement departments is limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between EI, resilience and happiness among police officers in the Sedibeng West District in the Gauteng province, South Africa. The study followed a quantitative research approach and a probability sampling method to achieve its empirical objectives. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 400 police officers within the Sedibeng West District. 330 responses were received, which resulted in a response rate of 82.5 percent for the main study. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data to determine the levels of EI, resilience and happiness among police officers and the results were positive. Correlation analysis was undertaken to investigate the existence of an association between the constructs. The results indicated a weak positive association between the self-emotion appraisal (SEA) dimension of EI and resilience recovery, and a positive association between the SEA dimension and resilience control. A weak positive association between the use of emotion (UOE) dimension of EI and resilience recovery was revealed and a positive association between UOE and resilience control as well. A significant weak positive association was indicated for the EI dimension other’s emotion appraisal (OEA) and resilience recovery, and a positive association between OEA and resilience control was also revealed. A significant weak positive association between the regulation of emotion (ROE) dimension of EI and resilience recovery, and a moderate positive association between ROE and resilience control was reported. Lastly, a moderate positive association between resilience recovery and happiness was reported and a positive, however, weak association between resilience control and happiness was reported. Regression analysis was undertaken to determine the predictive relationships between the constructs. The results showed no predictive relationship between SEA and resilience recovery and resilience control; between OEA and resilience recovery and resilience control; and between UOE and resilience recovery and resilience control. A significant predictive relationship between ROE and resilience recovery and resilience control was revealed. Lastly, a predictive relationship existed between both resilience dimensions (resilience recovery and resilience control) and happiness. The study recommends that law enforcement departments should develop police officers’ EI, resilience and happiness by promoting subjective well-being (SWB) programs. Programs focusing on EI may be implemented to enhance knowledge on how to regulate and manage emotions. Mental health clinics and debriefing sessions should be held to provide police officers with moral support. Finally, an action-oriented approach to assist police officers with their coping strategies and behavioural treatment is also recommended. The study also recommends that the involvement of Human Resources Development (HRD) within police departments should serve to support the wellness and development of police officers.

No description available.

[pt] O direito à felicidade vem, recentemente, ganhando destaque dentro do universo jurídico brasileiro. Sua relevância ganhou uma dimensão ainda maior com a apresentação de duas Propostas de Emenda à Constituição (n.º 19 e 513, de 2010) que tiveram como objetivo inclui-lo no rol de direitos fundamentais. Apesar do arquivamento destas PECs, o posicionamento que vem ganhando destaque entre os juristas brasileiros é que o direito à felicidade está implícito em nosso ordenamento. Entretanto, isso pode não ser benéfico para o ordenamento jurídico, tendo em vista as pesquisas recentes produzidas pela filosofia experimental e pela psicologia comportamental. As primeiras demonstram que o conceito ordinário de felicidade, além de capturar o estado psicológico do agente, possui – diferentemente do esperado – um componente valorativo; enquanto as segundas demonstram que as pessoas, de maneira sistemática, falham em prever ou escolher (caso tenham previsto) aquilo que maximiza sua felicidade. Partindo dessas contribuições, trabalha-se com três hipóteses: (1) O conceito de felicidade, por ser simultaneamente psicológico e valorativo, é bastante variável em virtude da concepção moral de cada sujeito, o que pode trazer resultados negativos para a tomada de decisão judicial; (2) Os diferentes vieses aos quais os indivíduos estão sujeitos no momento de avaliar o que lhes traz mais felicidade podem gerar resultados contrários ao esperado em casos juridicamente relevantes; e (3) Devido às limitações impostas a todos os sujeitos, é prejudicial para o direito a positivação do direito à felicidade. A partir da utilização de uma metodologia tanto bibliográfica quanto experimental, foi possível comprovar as duas primeiras hipóteses da pesquisa, além de terem sido encontrados fortes indícios de que a terceira também está correta. Conclui-se que não vale a pena para o ordenamento jurídico, ao menos no atual cenário jurídico brasileiro, positivar o direito à felicidade às custas da assunção de riscos possivelmente desastrosos para o direito. / [en] The right to happiness has recently gained relevance in Brazil s Constitutional Law debate, mostly because of two Proposed Constitutional Amendments aiming to constitutionalize such right. Even though such amendments did not pass, most legal scholars have adopted the position that the right to happiness is implicit in our legal system. However, this might not be beneficial for the legal system, when taken into consideration the recent finding from the fields of experimental philosophy and behavioral psychology. Research from the former demonstrates that the ordinary concept of happiness, besides capturing the psychological states of an agent, captures – unexpectedly – moral evaluations; while research from the latter demonstrates that people, systematically, fail in predicting and making decisions (if they had predicted) that maximize their happiness. From this point, the research attempts to prove three hypotheses: (1) the concept of happiness, because of its psychological and evaluative components, is highly variable due to the moral conceptions of each subject, what might implicate in negative results for cases based on its grounds; (2) The different types of biases that affect people s decision on what makes them happier might lead to results contrary to the expected in legally relevant cases; (3) Due to the limitations imposed to all people, the insertion of the right to happiness might be extremely harmful to the legal system. With the use of a bibliographical and experimental methodology, it was possible to prove the first two hypotheses presented, as well as to find reliable grounds that point toward the correctness of the third. Therefore, the work concludes that, at least in Brazil s current legal scenario, it is not worth constitutionalizing the right to happiness if this means taking the risks of producing possibly disastrous results for the legal system.

Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2016-03-30T14:28:40Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Tese Breno Final.pdf: 2504931 bytes, checksum: 695ff32d65491b845d623ad418fd024b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-30T14:28:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Tese Breno Final.pdf: 2504931 bytes, checksum: 695ff32d65491b845d623ad418fd024b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-07-30 / CAPEs / A presente pesquisa alinha-se à perspectiva de Desenvolvimento Social, na qual se propõe que, para além de critérios econômicos, o desenvolvimento deve ser mensurado também a partir das dimensões sociais, políticas, culturais e emocionais relativas aos indivíduos, grupos e territórios. Nesta perspectiva, os estudos da felicidade buscam determinar o nível de satisfação dos indivíduos com suas próprias vidas, sendo levada em consideração a análise de fatores socioeconômicos, demográficos, ambientais, culturais e emocionais que podem apresentar relação com a felicidade do indivíduo. A questão que norteou este estudo foi: quais são os fatores e em que medida eles podem servir de parâmetros para a construção de uma medida de desenvolvimento social baseada na mensuração da felicidade? O objetivo geral da pesquisa foi construir uma proposta teórico-metodológica de medida de desenvolvimento social baseada na felicidade, intitulada de Índice de Felicidade Local (IFL) e aplicar o IFL a uma amostra populacional composta por habitantes dos municípios de Cabo de Santo Agostinho e Ipojuca. Para isso, foram utilizados procedimentos estatísticos variados, especialmente a técnica de análise de regressão multivariada, testes de correlação e testes de diferenças de médias. Como resultados verifica-se que a população apresenta altos índices de desigualdade socioeconômica e vulnerabilidade social, especialmente no que tange à escolaridade, aos rendimentos dos trabalhadores e às posições no mercado de trabalho. Neste estudo, observou-se que os indicadores de bem-estar subjetivo apresentam maiores inter-relações com os níveis de felicidade dos indivíduos do que os indicadores objetivos de bem-estar social. Dentre os indicadores de bem-estar subjetivos analisados, constata-se que os indicadores relativos à satisfação com o poder de compra/ capacidade de consumo e à satisfação com as relações familiares e de amizade são os que apresentam maior influência na felicidade dos indivíduos. Estes resultados demonstram que, no contexto analisado, a felicidade tende a ser influenciada por aspectos materiais e não materiais de condições de vida. Por fim, verifica-se que, dentre os grupos populacionais investigados, os imigrantes tendem a apresentar piores condições de bemestar subjetivo e de felicidade que os não migrantes. / This research is aligned with the Social Development perspective, which proposes that, in addition to economic criteria, the development must be measured also from social, political, cultural and emotional concerning to individuals, groups and territories. On this perspective, the happiness studies seek to determine the level of satisfaction of individuals with their own lives, being taken into consideration the analysis of socioeconomic, demographic, environmental, cultural and emotional factors that can present connections with the happiness of the individuals. The question that guided this study was: what are the factors and how they can serve as parameters for the construction of a social development measure based on measuring happiness? The overall objective was to build a theoretical and methodological proposal for social development measure based on happiness, titled Local Happiness Index (LHI) and apply the LHI to a population sample of inhabitants of the municipalities of Cabo de Santo Agostinho and Ipojuca. For this, various statistical procedures were used, especially the multivariate regression analysis technique, correlation tests and tests of mean differences. As a result it turns out that the population has high rates of socioeconomic inequality and social vulnerability, especially with regard to education, the income of workers and positions in the labor market. On this study, the subjective well-being indicators have greater inter-relations with the happiness levels of individuals than objective indicators of social well-being. Among the subjective well-being indicators analyzed, it appears that the indicators regarding satisfaction with the purchasing power/consumption capacity and to meet with the family and friendship relationships are those with greater influence in the happiness of individuals. These results demonstrate that in the context analyzed, happiness tends to be influenced by material aspects and not material living conditions. Finally, it turns out that among the populations investigated, recent immigrants tend to have less level of subjective well-being and happiness in comparison with non-migrants.

Objectif:La recherche en matière de qualité de vie va croissant. Cependant, il n'existe pas de consensus sur la définition de la qualité de vie. Le concept de qualité de vie fait l'objet d'un débat scientifique et philosophique. L'objectif de cette étude est de se demander comment une approche philosophique peut nous aider à renouveler notre compréhension du concept de Qualité de vie. Méthodes: Un état des lieux de la littérature pluridisciplinaire (philosophie [Antiquité-Epoque contemporaine] et santé publique [1977-2011]) a été conduit. Puis, nous nous sommes intéressés aux théories se rapportant aux mesures de la qualité de vie, au bonheur, satisfaction, préférences et autonomie, en identifiant les théories sous-jacentes. A l'issue de cette analyse, des attentes morales fondamentales des enfants ont été identifiées. Ces attentes morales sont des valeurs formalisées correspondant à quatre principes éthiques reconnus à l'échelle internationale, élaborés par Beauchamp et Childress, dans Les principes de l'éthique biomédicale. Ces principes constituent une plateforme consensuelle; basés sur ces principes: autonomie, bienfaisance, non-malfaisance et justice. Resultats:Les notions avec lesquelles la qualité de vie entre en interaction dans le domaine de la santé publique ne mettent pas assez l'accent sur les attentes morales des enfants. Afin d'évaluer l'applicabilité des principes éthiques dans le champ de la santé, nous avons sélectionné vingt-huit instruments de mesure de la qualité de vie. Ensuite, nous avons confronté ces instruments aux principes éthiques, afin de déterminer comment les instruments de mesures de qualité de vie explorent les attentes morales. / Aims: The number of researches on QOL is increasing. However, the QOL concept is characterized by lack of agreement and showed conceptual problems. The objective of our study is to understand how philosophy can help to renew our understanding of the QOL concept. Methods: Analytical process started with a literature review in Philosophy (Antiquity to contemporary) and Public Health (in Medline-1990-2010). Conceptualization and measurement theories of happiness, preference, satisfaction, and autonomy have been also studied in order to reveal the underlying theories. Through these concepts we have isolated patient's moral expectations. These moral expectations are formalized as values corresponding to the four ethical principles developed by Beauchamp and Childress, in The principles of biomedical ethics. These principles constitute a recognized consensual platform, based on the four international principles: autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence and justice. Results: The Public Health approaches of QOL don't focus enough on the moral expectations of children. To assess the applicability of the principles in the field of health, we are chosen twenty-eight QOL's measurement instruments. Then, we confront these instruments to ethical principles, in order to determine how the moral expectations of children are explored. This confrontation has showed that all the instruments don't tackle the four fundamental moral expectations. Nevertheless, a change in perspective has taken place during these four decades: questionnaires made since the late 1990s put more emphasis on the four ethical principles.

The aim of this thesis is to compare the consecutive years of degree of happiness between the Nordic region and Japan. The second aim is to seek for the detrimental factor contributing to happiness before and during the pandemic, based on the measurement by the World Happiness Report. Yearly based datasets of 'life ladder score', 'log GDP per capita', 'social support', 'healthy life expectancy', 'freedom to make life choices', 'generosity', and 'perception of corruption' from 2008 to 2021 were used for the aim and goal. The results of this study showed there were no significant changes in the trend of happiness from 2008 to 2021 between the Nordic region and Japan. Also, there were not any significant differences in terms of subjective well-being before and during the pandemic. Besides, as a result of multiple regression analysis, the study revealed that 'freedom to make life choices' was the detrimental factor that contributed to the subjective well-being before the pandemic. On the other hand, during the pandemic, 'social support' was the detrimental factor between the Nordic region and Japan. This study implied the connectedness between the subjective well-being and self-determination theory in terms of relatedness, and autonomy. For further investigation, it was concluded that creating a more inclusive measurement of happiness which adjusts diverse psychological definitions of happiness, investigating the relationship between the subcategories of population and happiness, and reviewing more comprehensive detrimental factors that explain well-being between the Nordic region and Japan should be needed.

Объектом исследования явились студенты (молодежь в возрасте от 16 до 29 лет). Предметом исследования стали психологические особенности переживания счастья студентами. Магистерская диссертация состоит из введения, двух глав (теоретической и практической), заключения, списка литературы (62 источника) и приложения, включающего в себя бланки применявшихся методик. Объем магистерской диссертации 92 страницы, на которых размещены 9 рисунков и 5 таблиц. Во введении раскрывается актуальность проблемы исследования, разработанность проблематики, ставятся цель и задачи исследования, определяются объект и предмет исследования, формулируются гипотезы, указываются методики и эмпирическая база, а также теоретическая и практическая значимость работы. В первой главе представлен обзор иностранной и отечественной литературы по теме: Психологические особенности переживания счастья студентами. В данной главе подробно рассматриваются три раздела: феномен счастья в отечественной и зарубежной психологии, психологические особенности современного студента, психологические предикторы переживания счастья у студентов. Выводы по первой главе представляют собой итоги, по изучению теоретического материала представленные в работах авторов. Вторая глава посвящена эмпирической части исследования. В ней представлено описание организации и методов проведенного исследования, подробный план эмпирического исследования и результаты, полученные по всем использованным методикам. Также вторая глава содержит анализ полученных результатов исследования. Выводы по второй главе включают в себя основные результаты эмпирического исследования. В заключении в обобщенном виде изложены результаты теоретической и эмпирической частей работы, а также выводы по выдвинутым гипотезам, обоснована практическая значимость исследования и описаны возможные перспективы дальнейшей разработки данной проблематики. / The object of the study were students (youth aged 16 to 29 years). The subject of the study was the psychological characteristics of the experience of happiness by students. The master's thesis consists of an introduction, two chapters (theoretical and practical), a conclusion, a list of references (62 sources) and an appendix, which includes the forms of the methods used. The volume of the master's thesis is 92 pages, which contain 9 figures and 5 tables. The introduction reveals the relevance of the research problem, the development of the problematics, sets the goal and objectives of the research, defines the object and subject of research, formulates hypotheses, indicates methods and empirical base, as well as the theoretical and practical significance of the work. The first chapter presents an overview of foreign and domestic literature on the topic: Psychological features of the experience of happiness by students. In this chapter, three sections are considered in detail: the phenomenon of happiness in domestic and foreign psychology, the psychological characteristics of a modern student, psychological predictors of experiencing happiness in students. The conclusions on the first chapter are the results of the study of theoretical material presented in the works of the authors. The second chapter is devoted to the empirical part of the study. It presents a description of the organization and methods of the study, a detailed plan of empirical research and the results obtained by all methods used. Also, the second chapter contains an analysis of the results of the study. The conclusions of the second chapter include the main results of the empirical study. In conclusion, the results of the theoretical and empirical parts of the work, as well as conclusions on the hypotheses put forward, are summarized, the practical significance of the study is substantiated, and possible prospects for further development of this issue are described.

No description available.

Is there a relationship between science and happiness and, if so, what is it? Clearly, since the Enlightenment, science has increased life expectancy and bodily comfort. Is this happiness, or do humans long for something more? To examine these questions, I investigate the works of Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Specifically, I focus on the Discourses and the Emile, as he states in the Confessions that these works form a whole statement concerning the natural goodness of man. I agree with the literature that finds happiness, for Rousseau, is a sentiment one experiences when their faculties correspond to their desires, as this produces wholeness. In this dissertation, I find a form of modern science is necessary for humans to experience higher forms of happiness. This form of science is rooted in utility of the individual. To fully explain this finding, I begin with Rousseau's concept of being. By nature, our being experiences a low form of wholeness. I show Rousseau's investigation of being exposes a catch-22 situation for developing it to experience higher forms of wholeness. While freedom allows us to develop reason and judgment, we need reason and judgment to properly direct our freedom to perfect our individual being. I then show how three different types of tutors and educators, which include a scientific education, are directed by the single goal of maintaining wholeness in Emile's being so he can achieve the happiness of romantic love. Finally, I find that Emile's scientific education is an elaboration of the First Discourse and that his relationship with science, even from birth, plays a critical role for achieving romantic love in the future.