Archaeological investigations can reveal persistent traditions of ethnic groups. Hawaiians were employed in the fur trade of the Columbia River from 1810 through 1850. The Hudson's Bay Company employed them at Ft. Vancouver, Washington from 1825 through the end of this period. Data from the excavations of the servant's village at Ft. Vancouver are compared with the built environment of contact period Hawaii. Similarity of structural remains suggests a persistence of tradition among the Hawaiian employees of the Hudson's Bay Company. / Graduation date: 1993

Typescript. / Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1986. / Bibliography: leaves 659-666. / Photocopy. / x, 666 leaves, bound 29 cm

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1995. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 333-360). / Microfiche. / xvii, 360 leaves, bound ill. (some col.), maps 28 cm

Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 80-90). / Electronic reproduction. / Also available by subscription via World Wide Web / xii, 93 leaves, bound ill. 29 cm

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1992 / Pacific Islands Studies

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Innovating for Sleeker, Greener, Friendlier Rides critiques the ethical implications behind the meaning of sustainability in the surfboard manufacturing industry because surfers by origin have a kinship with the environment. First the paper discovers the origins of surfers, how surfing became a sport, and who are the major influencers in the industry. Second, this thesis analyzes three different sustainability approaches, repurpose, reduce, and self-sustainment. Repurpose method examines to decrease the amount CO2 in inputs and outputs of materials throughout surfboard construction. Reduce method innovates surfboard that are more durable so that there are less wasted surfboards going into landfills. Self-sustainment practices a variant of permaculture to construct surfboards out of only natural materials from the earth in order to diminish non-ecofriendly byproducts. Thirdly, the conversation regards towards permaculture as the better option, which requires comprehensive experiments to produce materials meeting the performance of non-sustainable resources. Lastly, the thesis provides areas of research for possible raw materials and a way to implement into the industry.

The formation of novel ecosystems by non-native species poses management challenges that are both socially and ecologically complex. This complexity necessitates consideration of both ecological dynamics and social attitudes and perceptions. Red mangrove propagules were introduced to Moloka'i, Hawaii in 1902 to mitigate the effects of soil erosion and they have since spread along the coast and to adjacent islands creating novel habitat. Non-native mangroves in Hawai'i present a unique case study to examine diverse social attitudes and perceptions resulting from a long history of land cover transformations on the Hawaiian Islands, socio-cultural diversity of involved stakeholders, and the potential array of ecosystem services they may provide under changing land use and climatic conditions. Ecological dynamics were examined to (1) determine whether novel mangrove habitat affects zooplankton diversity and richness, (2) test the hypothesis that zooplankton community composition differs significantly among established mangrove and coastal non-mangrove habitat, and (3) assess other factors driving differences in zooplankton community assemblages. This study found no significant differences found between sites with and without mangroves in terms of richness, diversity, or community composition. However, lunar cycles and site dynamics, including fishpond structure, mangrove and open shoreline length, percentage of mangrove shoreline length, total percentage of carbon in mangrove leaves, and disturbance in the upstream watershed influenced zooplankton community composition. These findings suggest that non-native mangroves support community composition, richness, and diversity similar to non-mangrove areas, though some widespread taxa have lower abundances in mangrove habitat. My research suggests that in the face of declining fisheries, threatened reef habitat, and changing climate and ocean conditions, mangroves may provide zooplankton habitat in novel locations similar to that provided by native habitat, such that habitat availability for zooplankton is not hindered by non-native mangroves. To understand social dynamics 204 residents of Moloka'i, Hawaii were surveyed to evaluate: 1) attitudes and perceptions about this non-native species, 2) what factors influence these attitudes, and 3) how attitudes influence perceptions about management. A belief that mangroves should be removed, concern about threats to Moloka'i's coast, and not relying on mangroves for benefit were the primary drivers of negative attitudes towards non-native mangroves. Support for management actions was predicted by attitudes towards mangroves, perception and concern about threats to Moloka'i's coast, and experiences involving mangroves. I propose a framework for assessing and incorporating diverse perceptions and attitudes into decision-making around non-native species that have created novel ecosystems. An active management approach allowing mangroves to thrive in certain locations and to provide services such as habitat and crabbing access while in other locations limiting their extent to protect native bird habitat and cater for human needs, including safe beach and ocean access, may ultimately offer the greatest benefits to both the ecosystem and society. As environmental issues, such as species introductions, become increasingly complicated in the age of the Anthropocene, with intricate relationships made more difficult in the face of climate change, integrated research in socio-ecological systems may provide a comprehensive approach to better evaluate and understand our changing world.

Im Zentrum der Arbeit steht die Analyse des „Hawaiian Sovereignty Movement“, einer politische Bewegung indigener Hawaiier. Sie bestimmte in den 1990er Jahren – 1993 jährte sich der Sturz der Monarchie zum 100. Male – das politische Leben des Inselstaates mit und forderte kulturelle und politische Autonomie für den hawaiischen Bevölkerungsteil des Inselstaates. Fragen nach der Politisierung kultureller Prozesse sowie nach der Kulturalisierung und Ethnisierung vornehmlich politischer und sozialer Konflikte stehen dabei im Vordergrund der Betrachtung. Ausgangspunkt jeglichen Diskurses um Autonomie oder „Sovereignty“ ist dabei die bewegte politische Geschichte Hawai‘is im 19. Jahrhundert. Mit einer ständig wachsenden Zahl von Siedlern wurden die Hawaiier im Laufe des 19. Jahrhunderts zu einer Minderheit im eigenen Land. Als Gegenbewegung zu diesem immer weiter reichenden Aufgehen der hawaiischen Minderheit in der Gesamtbevölkerung des Bundesstaates forcierte die so genannte „Hawaiian Renaissance“, eine Revitalisierungsbewegung der 1960er Jahre, eine Rückbesinnung auf traditionelle Kulturtechniken und die von ihr beschriebenen „hawaiischen Werte“. Sie lieferte dem entstehenden „Hawaiian Sovereignty Movement“ zahlreiche Ansatzpunkte zur Verknüpfung politischer Forderungen mit Kernsymbolen hawaiischer Identität. Neben dem diachron ausgerichteten Blick auf Veränderungsprozesse und Entwicklungen der Deutungshoheit über die von den Hawaiiern reklamierten Traditionen steht die synchrone Betrachtung der Veranstaltungen und Ereignisse des Gedenkjahres 1993. Anhand der Analyse eines zentralen Themas des Autonomiediskurses, der Frage der Land¬nutzung und der Landrechte, kann ein umfassendes Bild der Autonomiebewegung, ihrer politischen Praxis und der mit ihr verwobenen kulturellen Deutungsmuster und Konfliktlösungsstrategien gezeichnet werden. Es entsteht dabei das Bild einer spezifisch hawaiischen Bewegung, die sich durch bestimmte Muster der Provokation, durch Gewaltfreiheit und durch ein ständiges Aufflammen und Zurücknehmen von Konflikten auszeichnet. Mit dem Blick auf die hawaiische Kunstszene der Gegenwart rundet sich gewissermaßen die Darstellung der hawaiischen Autonomiebewegung. Stand doch die kulturelle Revitalisierung am Beginn der politischen Bewegung, die sich verschiedener Aspekte hawaiischer Kultur zur Untermauerung ihres Anspruches bediente. Heute haben sich die Gewichtungen verschoben: eine zunehmend autonom agierende Szene bildender Künstler hawaiischer Abstammung nimmt die von der Autonomiebewegung postulierten Fragestellungen und Ziele in ihre Produktion auf und propagiert so hawaiische „Sovereignty“ oder Autonomie. Die politische Bewegung der Hawaiier ist auf diese Weise eng verwoben mit einer öffentlichen hawaiischen Kultur der Gegenwart, die sich zunehmend von Rückgriffen auf Tradition und Vergangenheit löst und zugleich immer wieder neue und eigenständige Zeichen kultureller Autonomie setzt.

A number of publications on the well-being of Native Hawaiians report high unemployment levels, high poverty levels, and minimal educational achievement in the population with theoretical origins attributed to the advent of a Western market economy. However, there are no studies that analyze the relationship between work ethic and retention, or satisfaction and retention in the Native Hawaiians working in this economy. Understanding the aforementioned relationships could help state and federal agencies focus spending on interventions that lead to productive employment solutions for Native Hawaiians. This quantitative study tested Weber's protestant work ethic theory to compare the work ethic of an individual to his or her retention at work, and Herzberg et al.'s motivation-hygiene theory to compare the job satisfaction levels of an individual to his or her retention at work. Data were collected from individuals 18 years and older who self-identified as Native Hawaiian. Six hundred survey responses were successfully collected from various members of the Native Hawaiian Civic Clubs, of which 419 were complete. Correlation analyses were conducted between the independent variable of work ethic and the dependent variable of worker retention, the independent variable of work ethic and the dependent variable of job satisfaction, and the independent variable of job satisfaction and the dependent variable of worker retention. While no significant relationships were found, this study successfully eliminated variables previously theorized as contributors to the population's low employment rate, thus encouraging future exploration of applicable theories that can lead to more relevant and appropriate employment interventions for Native Hawaiians.