L'indagine cerca di verificare la sussistenza di norme o la praticabilità di riforme o interpretazioni evolutive che consentano di riconoscere al lavoratore un ruolo efficamente preventivo rispetto a illeciti che possano prodursi nel corso dell'attività di impresa. Le due direttive principali lungo le quali corre l'analisi svolta sono quelle del diritto della sicurezza sul lavoro e delle segnalazioni (oggetto di comparazione con la normativa statunitense), con riferimenti ad alcune tematiche ritenute fondamentali della teoria generale del reato, così come ad aspetti significativi del contratto di lavoro subordinato. / The investigation is about the existence of laws or the possibility of reforms or evolutive interpretations that would allow a reconstruction of the role of the workers whithin an enterprise as a gatekeeper in front of illicit risks and conducts. While the focus is on health and safety at work and on whistleblowing laws (which are compared to the U.S.A. ones), the development of the thesis passes even through some fundamental themes of the general theory of the crime and some relevant profiles of the employment contract.

El desarrollo de la presente tesis busco comprobar los errores en la aplicación de la identificación de peligros, evaluación de riesgos y Controles (IPERC), el grado de compromiso del trabajador y la política del sistema de gestión de seguridad y salud en el trabajo, con el objetivo determinar una propuesta para mejorar la aplicación del Sistema de gestión de seguridad y salud en el trabajo para reducir la perdida de la capacidad auditiva denominada “hipoacusia profesional” en los trabajadores del área de compactación de una Empresa Distribuidora de Gas Natural en Lima Metropolitana. Durante el desarrollo se identificó en el área de compactación un porcentaje del 55% de trabajadores con hipoacusia profesional. Para identificar el peligro potencial de esta enfermedad ocupacional se realizó mediciones de la exposición al ruido en los trabajadores, determinando que la contaminación presentada durante sus actividades alcanzaron niveles de 98.90 dB superando los limites máximos permisibles de 85 dB para una jornada de 8 horas (Decreto supremo 357, 2012) convirtiéndose en el mayor riesgo del lugar de trabajo. La propuesta de mejora en el Sistema de gestión de seguridad y salud en el trabajo fue el de proponer una nueva matriz de identificación de peligros, evaluación de riesgos y controles (IPERC) estableciendo nuevos controles para reducir el riesgo por la exposición del ruido, para esto se calculo la protección auditiva adecuada para resguardar la salud del trabajador, proponiendo una doble protección auditiva; se buscó tener un personal capacitado para el puesto proponiendo un programa de certificación de trabajadores del área de compactación. Además de proponer un programa de incentivos para mejorar el compromiso del trabajador que cumpla con los estándares de seguridad y salud en el trabajo. The development of this thesis looking check for errors in the application of hazard identification, risk assessment and controls (IPERC), the degree of commitment and political worker management system safety and health at work, with the aim to determine a proposal for improving the implementation of the management system of health and safety at work to reduce the loss of hearing called "professional hearing loss" workers in the area of compaction of a Natural Gas Distribution Company in Delhi . During development it was identified in the compaction area percentage of 55% of hearing loss professional workers. To identify the potential of this occupational disease risk exposure measurements were performed on workers to noise, pollution determining that presented during their activities reached 98.90 dB levels exceeding the maximum permissible limits of 85 dB for an 8-hour day (decree Supreme 357, 2012) becoming the greatest risk in the workplace. The proposed improvement in the management system of health and safety at work was to propose a new array of hazard identification, risk assessment and controls (IPERC) establishing new controls to reduce the risk of noise exposure to this proper hearing protection was calculated to protect worker health, proposing a double hearing protection; He sought to have qualified for the position proposing a certification program area workers compaction staff. In addition to proposing an incentive program to improve employee engagement that meets the standards of safety and health at work.

La préservation de la santé et de la sécurité du travailleur est aujourd'hui dans le langage de la gestion, du management et progressivement des juristes, liée au concept de « responsabilité sociale d’entreprise ». Les employeurs doivent en tenir compte dans leurs décisions pour tenter de s'assurer l’adhésion des salariés et contribuer à la préservation d’un environnement plus sain. Ces idées, dont les contours manquent parfois de précision, intègrent progressivement le droit positif. Ainsi, à l’aune de son obligation de sécurité de résultat, dont la violation présente le caractère de faute inexcusable, il incombe à l’employeur, en cas de lien du préjudice subi avec le travail, une réparation allant jusqu’à s’étendre aux préjudices jadis exclus par le livre IV du Code de la sécurité sociale. Il est possible de considérer qu'il s'agit d'une rupture de l’équilibre du régime accordant le bénéfice d’une présomption d’imputabilité au salarié, en contrepartie d’une réparation uniquement forfaitaire, avec éventuellement un complément en cas de faute inexcusable. On peut se demander si au-delà des contraintes normatives qui l’y obligent, l’employeur ne doit adopter un «management de la santé » destinée à assurer le fonctionnement immédiat de l'entreprise et à terme la pérennité de son capital humain. / To save health and safety at work is today, in the language of the management and step-by-step of lawyers, bound with the notion of “corporate social responsibility”. Beyond legal pressures progressively integrated in the positive law, employers must take care about them in their decisions to have the adhesion of employees and to contribute to the conservation of a healthy environment. Goals are as those including by the “triple bottom line” of Elkington (economic, social and legal), as those corresponding to the logic via media and politicians with the management of the appearance of the firm. In addition, it’s possible to ask you: how long can we continue to have a balance about responsibility and reparation around health and safety? How firms can succeed with taking care about interests of actual and future employees too? The answer ask you to study how France choose a “corporate social responsibility” with an important place for the State in opposition of what could be prefered by some authors. But the problem is that this system can be excessively interpreted by Judges. They often accept the responsibility of the employer in cases while it’s not sure that he (or the activity of the firm) created the risk. In addition, the French “corporate social responsibility” can’t be adapted enough and quickly as it’s necessary concerning health and safety at work. That is why, you must see if other ways can been more satisfying. They can be with the same persons (employers and employees or their representatives) or with others stakeholders. It don’t mean that the State can’t be have a role in the “corporate social responsibility” about health and safety at work. But it’s important to see if it can be interesting to give firms possibilities to act voluntarily and ask you if we have to change the repartition of powers concerning this questions in France. An independent control of results must be planned.

The aim of this diploma thesis is to process a building construction project for the apartment building “Za Pivovarem” in Lázně Bohdaneč. The building is designed as a four-floor object which has a flat roof, 24 apartments, 24 cellars, 10 garage stalls, 3 terraces that belong to the apartments on the 1st floor and enclosed balconies or balconies for the apartments in the above floors. The thesis focuses on the organization and preparation of the construction process. It contains a technological project for the cast-in-place reinforced concrete floors, which includes also drawings of formwork, a technical-economic balance sheet of the formwork costs and a calculation of the time for formwork removal, a technological project for anhydrite floors and inspection and test plans for both of the above mentioned building procedures, which are dealt with in a more detailed way. The implementation of other construction procedures is described in the preliminary design of implementation. Concerning the work safety, the plan of health and safety at work, focusing on work at heights and other dangers connected to work on the floor constructions, has been processed. Furthermore, there is a time and finance schedule for the whole construction, a construction site project, a set of main machines and mechanisms which includes a comparison of a mobile crane and a tower crane. In addition, broader transport relations have been assessed. The thesis also contains an instruction manual on the main object.

This diploma thesis deals with the demolition of a bridge located at the D1 motorway from Prague to Brno. The bridge no longer meets the load and width requirements of today´s standards. The thesis also deals with the construction of a new bridge, which will be expanded into D28/120 category. This expansion will allow for provisory use of the carriageways of one half of the motorway in both directions. The whole reconstruction is very time consuming that is the reason the new bridge is made of prefabricated pre-tensioned girders with a composite bridge deck. This can save time and the new bridge can be open for service in a shorter period of time.

The subject of this diploma thesis is the construction technological project of the implementation of the prefabricated hall of the power plant in Melnik. This thesis conatins a technical report, project of the site equipment with technical report, time and financial plan of the building, study for the realization of major technology stages, desingn of assembly machines, budget of object, technological specification of steel structure and cast-in-place constrution of pump pit, also monitoring and test plans.

The part of the construction project "Reconstruction of the realization of the bridge at Planá" is elaborated. These are in particular the following: technical report for the construction tech-nological project, object time schedule of the construction, study of the implementation of the main technological stages of construction, project of the building site and implementation of the reinforced concrete structures.

The subject matter of the diploma thesis is the structurally technical resolution of a new pavilion project, which is situated in the area of the Teplice hospital. The pavilion consists of a two-storey ferroconcrete monolithic framework. The thesis contains a technical report of the construction-technological project, a report of the construction site equipment, a traffic stance in the surroundings of the construction site, a solution of traffic alinements for the transport of materials, a design of the main building machines and mechanisms, a plan of health and safety at work, the environmental protection, a timetable, a technological prescription of monolithic structures, a technological prescription of drilled piles, an inspection and test plans, a contract for work, the budget of the gross superstructure and a resource limit.

The subject of thesis is construction technological project of B3 object, aiming at apartment building, which is the main building object. The apartment building consists of four above-ground floors and is established on foundation strips. The principal of thesis elaboration is the budget of the main object and the construction schedule. The diploma thesis also deals with the draft of construction site equipment for particular steps of construction, the construction organization, the lifting mechanism design, the technological regulation for selected operation, the transport accessibility and the protection of health and safety at work taking into account environmental protection.

The goal of the thesis is a construction technological project of a Bidfood warehouse. Part of the work is the solution of technological regulation for drilled piles and assembly of steel skeleton, organization of the construction, construction site equipment plan, draft of the main machinery and mechanisms. Technical report, coordination layout with a description of transport options, schedule, and financial plan are also part of this thesis.