Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T14:38:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_michele_berselli.pdf: 980013 bytes, checksum: 0d98a25eadb457de46dc88fa48733545 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-22 / Blood vascular tumors (hemagioma and hemangiosarcomas) are common neoplasms in dogs and cats, although their frequency of diagnosis is lower than others neoplasms and may reach the skin or organ systems. The hemangioma is a benign, although it can cause organ dysfunction when reaching systemic organs. The hemangiosarcoma represents a serious problem, because their malignant nature is considered one of the soft tissue sarcomas of worse prognosis causing sudden death. In this sense, the objective was to identify the incidence, prognostic parameters and time and survival rate of pets suffering from hemangiomas and hemangiosarcomas. We conducted a survey of cases of hemangiomas and hemangiosarcomas in dogs and cats diagnosed at the Regional Diagnostic Laboratory, Federal University of Pelotas, during the period 1998 to 2010. We retrieved 53 samples from biopsies and/or necropsies. Of the total cases studied, 20 animals with neoplasms were monitored over a period of two years. In this study, we used histopathological parameters, invasion, survival time and location as criteria for assessing prognosis. Histological parameters were evaluated as histological arrangement, cell morphology, mitotic rate, peritumoral lymphoplasmocytic infiltrate, necrosis, hemorrhage, and invasion to adjacent tissues were compared with histological grade and survival of affected animals. The neoplasms affecting skin in 60% of samples. Hemangiosarcomas were much more common than hemangiomas. When histological parameters were compared, we observed that the location was statistically significant when compared to the morphology (p = 0.0001), as well as the amount of bleeding (p = 0.0001) and invasion (p = 0.029). Other parameters showed no relation with the histologic grade and/or survival, thus, are not considered predictive prognostic factors. In this study, the survival rate for dogs with cutaneous hemangiomas and hemangiosarcomas was 90.91% while patients with systemic tumors was 41.67% in two years. From the results, we conclude that the intensity and location of invasion are important prognostic factors predictive for hemangiosarcomas in dogs and cats. Other parameters showed no relation with the histologic grade and/or survival, thus, are not considered predictive prognostic factors. The time and survival rate were lower for cats and dogs suffering from visceral hemangiosarcomas and the prognosis is generally unfavorable. / Tumores vasculares sanguíneos (hemangiomas e hemangiossarcomas) são neoplasmas comuns em caninos e felinos, no entanto sua freqüência de diagnóstico é menor que de outros neoplasmas e podem atingir a pele ou órgãos sistêmicos. O hemangioma é um neoplasma benigno, embora possa causar disfunção orgânica quando atinge órgãos sistêmicos. O hemangiossarcoma representa um problema sério, devido sua natureza maligna é considerado um dos sarcomas de tecidos moles de pior prognóstico causando morte súbita. Neste sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar a incidência, parâmetros prognósticos e o tempo e estimativa de sobrevida de animais de companhia portadores de hemangiomas e hemangiossarcomas. Foi realizado um levantamento dos casos de hemangiomas e hemangiossarcomas em cães e gatos diagnosticados no Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico da Universidade Federal de Pelotas, durante o período de 1998 a 2010. Foram recuperadas 53 amostras provenientes de biopsias e/ou necropsias. Do total de casos estudados, 20 animais portadores dos neoplasmas foram acompanhados durante um período de dois anos. Neste estudo, utilizaram-se os parâmetros histomorfológicos, invasividade, localização e tempo de sobrevida como critérios de avaliação prognóstica. Os parâmetros histológicos avaliados como: arranjo histológico, morfologia celular, índice mitótico, infiltrado linfoplasmacítico peritumoral, necrose, hemorragia e invasão para tecidos adjacentes foram confrontados com o grau histológico e com a sobrevida dos animais acometidos. Os neoplasmas atingiram a pele em 60% das amostras. Hemangiossarcomas foram bem mais freqüentes que hemangiomas. Quando os parâmetros histológicos foram confrontados, observou-se que a localização foi estatisticamente significativa quando comparada à morfologia (p= 0,0001), assim como a quantidade de hemorragia (p=0,0001) e invasão (p= 0,029). Os demais parâmetros avaliados não mostraram relação com o grau histológico e/ou com a sobrevida, dessa forma, não são considerados fatores prognósticos preditivos. No presente estudo, a estimativa de sobrevida para animais portadores de hemangiomas e hemangiossarcomas cutâneos foi de 90,91% enquanto que para portadores de tumores sistêmicos foi de 41,67% em dois anos. A partir dos resultados obtidos, conclui-se que a intensidade de invasão e localização são fatores prognósticos preditivos importantes para hemangiosarcomas em cães e gatos. Os demais parâmetros avaliados não mostraram relação com o grau histológico e/ou com a sobrevida, dessa forma, não são considerados fatores prognósticos preditivos. O tempo e a estimativa de sobrevida foram baixos para cães e gatos portadores de hemangiossarcomas viscerais e o prognóstico é, de um modo geral, desfavorável.

Touchant près de 3 à 10 % des nouveau-nés, les hémangiomes infantiles (HI) sont des tumeurs vasculaires bénignes, les plus fréquentes chez les nourrissons. Les HI sévères sont actuellement traités par un bêtabloqueur, le propranolol, dont l’efficacité a été découverte de manière fortuite. Ainsi, son mécanisme d’action est méconnu. Le propranolol se fixe sur les récepteurs beta-adrénergiques et empêche leur activation par les catécholamines comme la noradrénaline. Nous nous sommes donc interrogés sur la relation entre le propranolol et la noradrénaline dans cette tumeur. Nous avons montré une forte expression de la noradrénaline et des enzymes de synthèse des catécholamines dans les HI, comparés aux hémangiomes congénitaux, qui diminuent lorsque la tumeur involue ou est traitée par le propranolol. Nous avons ensuite réalisé un modèle in vitro ressemblant à l’HI à partir de cellules isolées d’HI capables de synthétiser les catécholamines : les cellules endothéliales et les péricytes. Ce modèle nous permettra d’étudier l’impact de la noradrénaline et du propranolol sur ces cellules. Parallèlement, notre équipe a réalisé un modèle in vivo qui a permis de mettre en évidence le rôle clé de la protéine quaporine-1 (AQP1) dans la réponse antitumorale du propranolol. Nous avons également étudié l’expression de l’AQP1 dans les HI et les hémangiomes congénitaux et découvert un type cellulaire adventitiel exprimant l’AQP1 dans les HI, le télocyte. Au total, notre travail sur l’HI a mis en évidence d’une part une possibilité de production endogène accrue de noradrénaline, probablement antagonisée avec succès par le propranolol, et la découverte de télocytes AQP1+ qui pourraient avoir un rôle dans la spécificité de la réponse des HI au propranolol. / Affecting nearly 3 to 10 % of newborns, infantile hemangiomas (HI) are the most common benign vascular tumors in infants. Severe HIs are currently treated with a beta-blocker, propranolol, whose efficacy was discovered by serendipidity. Propranolol binds to beta-adrenergic receptors and prevents their activation by catecholamines such as noradrenaline. We therefore wondered about the relationship between propranolol and noradrenaline in this tumor. We showed a strong expression of noradrenaline and catecholamine synthesis enzymes in HI, compared to congenital hemangiomas, which decrease when the tumor involutes or is treated with propranolol. We then realize an in vitro model resembling HI from cells isolated from HI capable of synthesizing catecholamines: endothelial cells and pericytes. This model will permit to study the impact of noradrenaline and propranolol on these cells. At the same time, our team created an in vivo model that highlighted the key role of aquaporin-1 protein (AQP1) in the antitumor response to propranolol. We have also studied the expression of AQP1 in HI and congenital hemangiomas, and discovered an adventitious cell type expressing AQP1 in HI, the telocyte. Altogether, our work on HI has revealed firstly the possibility of increased endogenous production of norepinephrine, probably successfully antagonized by propranolol, and secondly the presence of AQP1 + cells which could have a central role central in the specificity of HI response to propranolol.

One of the most important areas of society-wide tasks influencing the health of the whole population is child care. It includes care of children with a hemangioma. Hemangiomas are the most common benign (not malignant) vascular tumours of a child age. This benign tumour may be present as early as at birth or appear in the first weeks of life. It is usually located on or under the skin surface but may also affect internal organs. Although a hemangioma may affect any body part, it is mostly located on the head and neck. A hemangioma is diagnosed in a tenth of new-born children. Hemangiomas typically appear at neonatal age or infancy. The objectives of the diploma thesis "Nurse's Roles in Care of a Child Patient with a Hemangioma" are to examine the roles of nurses in care of a child patient with a hemangioma, as seen by parents (mothers) of the children, and to identify which of the roles is the most important for the parents (mothers). It has also been ascertained whether nurses deal with any problems while providing this care and whether occurrence of a hemangioma in a child has any influence on the child's family. It has also been ascertained whether any complications are encountered in the treatment of children with a hemangioma. A qualitative research was used for data processing. Several methods of data collection were used. The researcher used a case history according to the model of Virginia Henderson, semi-structured interview with mothers of patients, data content analysis and secret participant observation during outpatient checks. The last method used was a survey aimed at nurses who took care of children with a hemangioma, asking them whether they dealt with any problems and complications in such children. The first research set consisted of ten child patients who were selected on purpose on the basis of pre-set criteria. The first criterion was presence of a hemangioma; five patients were hospitalised with a hemangioma and underwent a treatment with propranolol, while the other five patients with a hemangioma underwent only a conservative treatment. Last but the most important criterion was that mothers of patients with a hemangioma granted their consent to the research. These mothers formed the second research set and underwent a semi-structured interview focused on their personal experience with a hemangioma and on the work of nurses as seen by mothers. The last research set consisted of ten nurses who were also selected on purpose on the basis of a very important criterion, which was care of child patients with a hemangioma. This thesis may be of a benefit not only for professionals who are in contact with children with a hemangioma but may also serve to deepen general knowledge of other healthcare professionals who may encounter this disease either in their professional or private life. Based on the information acquired for the diploma thesis, was prepared for nurses and will be presented at professional workshops.

The distinction between cavernous haemangiomas of the liver (which are the second most common hepatic mass lesions) from malignant lesions, is often difficult. An incorrect diagnosis of cavernous haemangioma, in a patient with malignancy, may adversely influence the outcome of subsequent treatment in these patients, due to delay in therapy. Although previous studies have suggested that ⁹⁹ᵐTc erythrocyte blood pool scintigraphy is both highly sensitive and specific for haemangiomas, a basic flaw in all previous studies has been the small number of control patients studied. Bayesian analysis clearly shows that specificity for a test is dependant on the pre-test probability of the lesion being present. Thus all the studies done to date, may reflect an inappropriately high specificity for ⁹⁹ᵐTc scintigraphy, in diagnosing cavernous haemangiomas, because they have mainly studied patients with haemangiomas and relatively few patients with other lesions. This study was thus undertaken to clarify the true accuracy of this technique, in distinguishing haemangiomas from other hepatic mass lesions, by studying a large number of patients with haemangiomas and other hepatic mass lesions.

No description available.

The circulatory system is one of the first systems that develops during embryogenesis. Angiogenesis describes the formation of blood vessels as a part of the circulatory system and is essential for organ growth in embryogenesis as well as repair in adulthood. A dysregulation of vessel growth contributes to the pathogenesis of many disorders. Thus, an imbalance between pro- and antiangiogenic factors could be observed in infantile hemangioma (IH). IH is the most common benign tumor during infancy, which appears during the first month of life. These vascular tumors are characterized by rapid proliferation and subsequently slower involution. Most IHs regress spontaneously, but in some cases they cause disfigurement and systemic complications, which requires immediate treatment. Recently, a therapeutic effect of propranolol on IH has been demonstrated. Hence, this non-selective β-blocker became the first-line therapy for IH. Over the last years, our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of IH has been improved and possible mechanisms of action of propranolol in IH have postulated. Previous studies revealed that gap junction proteins, the connexins (Cx), might also play a role in the pathogenesis of IH. Therefore, affecting gap junctional intercellular communication is suggested as a novel therapeutic target of propranolol in IH. In this review we summarize the current knowledge of the molecular processes, leading to IH and provide new insights of how Cxs might be involved in the development of these vascular tumors

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:32:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TiagoJSF_DISSERT.pdf: 3045279 bytes, checksum: 8153fafe331060792baf7be0c25c538f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-10 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / Vascular anomalies constitute a distinct group of lesions, but they may present similar clinical and histopatological characteristics, which can lead to diagnostic mistakes. This study aimed by histopathology and immunohistochemical expression of human glucose transporter protein (GLUT-1), correctly identify and classify oral vascular anomalies, besides analyzing the immunoexpression of markers proliferation and apoptosis (Ki-67 and Bcl-2). All cases diagnosed as "oral hemangiomas" belonging to the archives of the Service of Pathological Anatomy from the subject of Oral Pathology of the Department of Dentistry (DOD), of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) were reviewed, totalizing 77 cases. Immunohistochemical analysis for GLUT-1 showed that only 26 (33.8%) of the specimens were true infantile hemangiomas (IHs). The 51 (66.2%%) GLUT-1 negative specimens were then reclassified as pyogenic granulomas (PGs) and vascular malformations (VMs) from their histopathologic characteristics,totalizing 26 (33.8%) cases of IHs, 20 (26.0%) of PGs and 31 (40.2) cases of oral VMs. The cases analyzed by the marker Ki-67 showed different median IH (13,85), PG (33,70) and VM (4.55) with statistically significant differences between them (p <0.001). In relation to the protein Bcl-2, the groups also showed different median of the established scores IH (1.00), PG (1.50), VMs (0.0) demonstrating statistically significant differences between them (p<0,001). No statistically significant correlation between the indexes of positivity for Ki-67 and the scores of immunoexpression of Bcl-2 were observed in any group. Thus, we can conclude that it is necessary a careful and parameterized review of cases of vascular anomalies making use of auxiliary tools such as GLUT-1, since the histopathological findings alone, sometimes, are not sufficient to differentiate some anomalies. Furthermore, analysis of the expressions of markers involved in the levels of proliferation of lesions is important for a better understanding of its biological behavior aspect / As anomalias vasculares constituem um grupo de les?es distintas, mas que podem apresentar caracter?sticas cl?nicas e histopatol?gicas semelhantes, que podem levar a equ?vocos diagn?sticos.Este estudo objetivou por meio da histopatologia e da express?o imuno-histoqu?mica daprote?na humana transportadora de glicose (GLUT-1), identificar e classificar corretamente as anomalias vasculares orais, al?m de analisar a imunoexpress?o de marcadores de prolifera??o e apoptose (Ki-67 e Bcl-2).Todos os casos diagnosticados como hemangiomas orais pertencentes aos arquivos do Servi?o de Anatomia Patol?gica da disciplina de Patologia Oral do Departamento de Odontologia (DOD) da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) foram revisados, totalizando 77 casos. A an?lise imuno-histoqu?mica para GLUT-1 revelou que apenas 26 (33,8%) dos esp?cimes tratavam-se de hemangiomas da inf?ncia (HIs) verdadeiros. Os 51 (66,2%%)esp?cimes GLUT-1 negativos foram ent?o reclassificados em granulomas piog?nicos (GPs) e malforma??es vasculares (MVs) a partir de suas caracter?sticas histopatol?gicas, totalizando 26 (33,8%) casos de HIs, 20 (26,0%) de GPs e 31 (40,2) casos de MVs orais. Os casos submetidos ? an?lise do marcador Ki-67 apresentaram medianas diferentes HI (13,85), GP (33,70) e MV (4,55) com diferen?as estatisticamente significantes entre elas (p<0,001). Em rela??o ? prote?na Bcl-2, os grupos tamb?m apresentaram diferentes medianas dos escores estabelecidos HI (1,00), GP (1,50), MVs (0,0), demonstrando diferen?as estatisticamente significantes entre elas (p<0,001). N?o foi observada correla??o estatisticamente significante entre os ?ndices de positividade para o Ki-67 e os escores de imunoexpress?o de Bcl-2 em nenhum grupo.Dessa maneira, podemos concluir que se faz necess?rio uma revis?o criteriosa e parametrizada dos casos de anomalias vasculares utilizando ferramentas auxiliares, como a GLUT-1, uma vez que os achados histopatol?gicos sozinhos, ?s vezes, n?o s?o suficientes para diferenciar algumas anomalias. Al?m disso, a an?lise das express?es de marcadores envolvidos nos n?veis de prolifera??o das les?es ? um aspecto importante para o melhor entendimento do seu comportamento biol?gico