Thèse de doctorat : Etudes anglophones : Paris 7 : 1995. / Bibliogr. p. 289-363.

In his book The American Adam, R. W. B. Lewis suggests that the Adamic tradition accounts for the vitality of the large body of American fiction of the nineteenth century. It is my contention that Lewis' thesis can be applied to the fiction of Ernest Hemingway. After a brief discussion of the main tenets of Lewis' thesis, I would like to explore the way Hemingway makes use of the Adamic myth in his five major novels.

Primarily, the thesis will reconsider the "minority report" position regarding Hemingway, and attempt to rationalize attendant charges that Hemingway's later fiction betrayed elements of self-parody (Across the River and Into the Trees. 1950), self-imitation (The Old Man and the Sea, 1952), and self-indulgence (A Moveable Feast, 1964). The minority report holds that the later writer had come to identify with the image of his public persona, and that subsequent attempts at fiction were as a result overcharacterized by self-congratulation, wish-fulfillment, and a crucial loss of ironic or otherwise aesthetic distance. The paper will dispute the biographical bias which advances much of this rationale by demonstrating that Hemingway's alleged decline as a writer is in any case incidental to his fame, and that his fame as a writer is incidental to the biographical fallacy in Hemingway criticism. The paper will propose instead that the Hemingway persona had become derivative, had ceased to offer a reliable alibi for fiction for which his readers, attracted in the first place by the author's much-publicized dictum of writing-after-experience, had come to expect a reasonable basis in autobiographical reality.

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The purpose of this study was to determine whether the application of Adlerian life style techniques would provide greater understanding of the psychological factors which shaped the life of Ernest Hemingway. Hemingway's birth order position, the dynamics and atmosphere of his family, and the early recollections of his childhood were studied and analyzed for a consistent theme or belief system. Biographies, critical evaluations of his work and selected published writing were utilized to provide a basis for a life style projection. This projection was then found to correlate with observable incidents in his adult behavior.

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The purpose of this paper is to examine both the women in Hemingway's life and his works, to search for influences exerted by the biographical women, to categorize the fictional women, and to draw whatever conclusions the evidence may justify.