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Markers on the non-recombining region of chromosome Y is a useful tool for study of diversity between populations. SNPs are the most commom polymorphisms in human genome. Mutation rate of SNPs is very low and so they may be used as genetic markers in evolutionary and population studies. We have analyzed 205 unrelated men from 11 Sub-Saharan Fulani's subpopulations. Fulani are an ethnic group of people spread over many countries, mainly in West Africa. Our samples are from Tindangou area, Banfora area (Burkina Faso), Bongor area, Linia area (Chad), Diafarabé area (Mali), Tcheboua area (Cameroon), Banfora area, Diffa area, Zinder area, Ader area and Abalak area (Niger). Using kit Signet Y-SNP Identification Systems and Luminex instrument with LabMAP Luminex Technology we detected particular Y chromosome's SNPs. LabMAP Luminex Technology is universal array platform, which as a probe using fluorescent polystyrene microspheres. We have observed 12 different haplogroups. Haplogroup E, which is typical African haplogroups, is determined with derivated allele in polymorfism M96. We have detected haplogroup E in maximum of 89,3% in the Fulani's subpopulations. In 7,8% we have detected haplogroup R, which is characteristic of populations in the Euroasia. Gene pool of Fulani's population is influenced with a...

Face aux conditions d’élevage devenues défavorables, l’État perçoit dans la création des zones pastorales une opportunité d’insuffler une dynamique nouvelle à l’élevage par l’amélioration des techniques de production. C’est dans ce cadre que fut créée la zone pastorale de la Nouhao et y ont été installés, officiellement, des éleveurs peuls. Cette installation fut précédée de plusieurs réalisations dans le but d’assurer de manière durable, une disponibilité satisfaisante et en toute période de l’année, des ressources alimentaires, hydriques, ainsi qu’un encadrement sanitaire pour les animaux de ladite zone. Malgré les différentes réalisations qui ont apporté du mieux-être pour les éleveurs, ils ont conservé leur système traditionnel d’exploitation des ressources pastorales. L’étude vise à identifier les motivations des acteurs dans la persistance de la pratique de la mobilité en dehors de la zone pastorale. L’enquête conduite auprès des acteurs de différents domaines d’activités ont permis d’apporter des réponses à une question spécifique de la mobilité qu’est la transhumance des éleveurs et des bouviers peuls de la zone pastorale de la Nouhao. / In the face of unfavorable rearing conditions, the State sees in the creation of pastoral areas an opportunity to inject a new dynamic into livestock farming by improving production techniques. It is in this context that the pastoral zone of Nouhao was created and there were officially installed Fulani breeders. This installation was preceded by several achievements in order to ensure in a sustainable way, a satisfactory availability and at any time of the year, food resources, water, as well as a sanitary supervision for the animals of the said zone. Despite the many achievements that have brought benefits to pastoralists, they have retained their traditional system of pastoral resource exploitation.The study aims to identify the motivations of the actors in the persistence of the practice of mobility outside the pastoral zone. The survey carried out among stakeholders in different fields of activity has made it possible to provide answers to a specific question of mobility that is the transhumance of pastoralists and Fulani herdsmen in the pastoral zone of Nouhao.