Au regard des ouvrages bois du Génie Civil placés en extérieur, les problématiques de durabilité sont principalement liées aux risques d’attaques biologiques tempérées par les conditions d’humidité environnementale. Naturellement durable en classe de risque 3, l’utilisation du Douglas demande des traitements particuliers et complexes sous des expositions plus sévères à l’humidité, et ce, avec des impacts environnementaux plus ou moins marqués. Dans le cadre de la chaire ‘Ressources Forestières & Usages du Bois’ mise en place par l’Université de Limoges et en partenariat avec l’INRA d’Orléans, le PIAF et l’Institut Pascal de Clermont-Ferrand, nous présentons une approche originale avec comme objectif d’accroitre ce degré de durabilité naturelle afin de limiter le recours systématique aux traitements de préservation. Cette approche de la durabilité propose une transversalité entre patrimoine génétique des différentes familles de Douglas et la durabilité en structure en employant, comme ‘marqueur’, le comportement hygroscopique du matériau. L’objet de ce travail consiste à caractériser les propriétés hygroscopiques de quatre génotypes de Douglas et, plus précisément, les propriétés de diffusion hydrique et d’isothermes de sorption. Cette étude statistique alimentera une base de données dont l’ambition est d’isoler un génotype en lien avec des caractéristiques d’inertie hydrique limitant, à la fois, les pics hydriques et la pénétration du front hydrique dans les éléments massifs structuraux. / For exterior civil engineering works, durability issues are mainly linked to the risks of biological attacks tempered by environmental moisture conditions. Douglas fir, which is naturally sustainable in risk class 3, requires complex treatments when it is exposed to severe moisture condition, a treatment which have significant environmental impacts that remains marked even today. In the context of the Chair, 'Resources Forestières & Usages du Bois' created by the University of Limoges and in partnership with the INRA of Orléans, the PIAF and the Pascal Institute of Clermont Ferrand, we present an original approach whose objective is to increase this degree of natural durability, and to limit the systematic use of preservation treatments. This approach to durability proposes a coupling between the genetic heritage of different Douglas families and the structural durability by using, as a 'marker', the hygroscopic behavior of the material. The aim of this work is to characterize the hygroscopic properties of four Douglas genotypes, and more precisely, the properties of water diffusion and sorption isotherms. This statistical study feeds a database with the objective is to isolate a genotype in relation with limiting hydric-inertia characteristics, both the water peaks and the penetration of the water front in the structural massive elements.

Magister Artium - MA / Ruacana is a town in northern Namibia, located on the border with Angola on the Kunene River. It is about 150 kilometres north of Oshakati. The town was established in the early 1970s by the South West Africa Water and Electricity Commission, to provide accommodation for the Ruacana Hydropower station staff. Having been established without forced removals, Ruacana was an ideal ‘apartheid town’ as only ‘white’ staff lived in the wall-fenced –off town. The ‘black’ staff, soldiers as well as those that provided services in the town, were accommodated in a nearby township known as Oshifo, A few years later, the South African colonial government established one of its largest army bases in Owambo ‘district’ to safeguard the hydropower station from possible guerrilla attacks. However, the town is rarely documented in academic or even South African colonial government publications. It is rather the hydropower complex that is well documented, where Ruacana is represented through its projects of modernization. Also, other than claims to natural heritage and a heritage of ethnicity, Ruacana town lacks formal invocations of heritage. Thus it is argued that Ruacana points to a different pattern of heritage production, as the future itself was planned as heritage. This study is an attempt to analyse how Ruacana became a place of a heritage of development, even though heritage is not formally acknowledged in the institutional structures.

No abstract available. Copyright / Dissertation (MHCS)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Historical and Heritage Studies / unrestricted

The intensification of downtown Vancouver is the result of a structured fiscal, design and planning project. Cardinal to this effort is the realization of public amenities through the development process. However, those involved in the struggle to control the provision of amenities deny that no less than the determination of legitimate public goods is at stake in the contest. Employing Bourdieu's understanding of capital and related description of social space, the objective of the thesis is to examine how amenity production is oriented by the public benefit's utility to the dominant interest of capital accumulation. Reviewing the adoption of discretionary zoning and its corollaries to planning permission explicates the relation of a legalized aesthetic to the process of amenitization.The understanding of physical heritage as a public value is among the derivatives of this association with the introduction of planning mechanisms to encourage the retention of historic structures.The subsequent naturalization of heritage as public value and concurrent endowment of its capacity to facilitate development serves as an appropriate vehicle in the consideration of amenity valuation. By specifying the physical form and the legitimated community value of approved development, City reports and bylaws are the primary means of study. Analysis of these documents finds heritage to be the principal amenity realized through development mechanisms and illustrates its substantial influence on the physical and social space of the city. Case studies further support the thesis objective by addressing the constitution of public amenities aligned with the accommodation of the dominant interest; the unbounded consideration of heritage supports the retention of the physical features most conducive to intensification and results in greater development ability in terms of both private capital and in the realization of more bounded social amenities. The misrecognition of this key utility lends considerable authority over the physical transformation of the city and, more importantly, facilitates control of the related social environment.The thesis concludes that heritage serves the ideological continuation of the field of power, and cautions that recent efforts to consider less tangible qualities are symptomatic of this process. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Architecture and Landscape Architecture (SALA), School of / Graduate

Purpose – This study seeks to explore residents’ attitudes towards cultural events in Nelson Mandela Bay (NMB), South Africa. The study further discusses the cultural values and social realities of the diverse socio-economic landscape inherent to the city. Equally, the extent of stakeholder involvement has been reflected throughout the study as an indispensable requirement towards sustainable tourism in the city. The study presents that customising cultural events according to the cross-cultural typology has far-reaching consequences in enhancing the image of NMB and induces stakeholder engagement. This study is based on the notion of Social Capital and Stakeholder theory and draws on the multi-cultural phenomenon as the thrust of the study is based on attracting residents’ to cultural events. The literature study indicated that the concept of Social Capital and stakeholder collaboration are mutually exclusive and empirical analysis indicates a strong relationship between the factors relative to residents’ attitudes. Design/Methodology/Approach – This study is located in the positivism paradigm and comprises literature and exploratory research to examine the supposition between the independent variables and the attitudes of residents’ in the NMB. The independent variables underlined in the proposed model are embedded in the literature undertaken. Equally, the thrust of the study is underpinned in Social Capital theory and the Stakeholder theory and is evident throughout this study. In this study, the convenience sampling and snowball sampling methods were employed to obtain a representative sample of residents from the NMB. A questionnaire was used in this study to solicit responses pertaining to the biographical information and questions relating to the factors of perceived satisfaction of residents in the NMB in relation to cultural events. A total number of 3,659 residents participated in this study. The researcher conducted this study by means of testing the constructs of the measuring instrument employed, as well as providing a causal model of relationships between the independent variables and the residents’ attitudes of cultural events in NMB. Findings – The results confirm the reliability and validity of the scales tested on a sample of 3,659 residents, collected using the questionnaire in Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan area. The empirical analysis indicates relationships among the independent factors; Social Capital and Stakeholder Profile, where a Pearson’s correlation of 0.50 exists. Furthermore, descriptive findings indicate that there is an overall positive tendency in attitudes for cultural events in the city. The practical significance as identified in the Cohen’s d test for significance infers that the moderating factors in the conceptual model prove that age, area code, home language, ethnicity and home language exert influence in determining residents’ attitudes in the city. Practical Implications – This study identifies the importance of leveraging the cross-cultural typology underscored the Stakeholder theory. Equally, for destination marketing organisations (DMOs) this study can glean insights in respect of the profile of residents for cultural event marketing and their response as stakeholders in the organisation of a cultural event. Social Implications – This study aims to gain a better understanding of the residents’ attitudes of the cultural events hosted by the NMB, its Social Capital and its relationship with varying demographic niches and cultural-centric insights that align to the ideologies pertaining to global citizenship. Originality/Value – This present study makes a contribution to the theories of Social Capital and Stakeholder theory by investigating its roles in determining residents’ attitudes of cultural events in a city. Moreover, it discusses the role of the factors as inducing variables for residents’ motivation by employing marketing principles related to the unique and emotional selling proposition philosophy. Equally, the study espouses the significance of promoting cultural events to extent that it acts as a platform to promote socio-economic development; employment opportunities, improved living standards, improving city infrastructure and environmental protection of a destination and justifies the expedition of Social Capital on the attitudes of residents’.

The purpose of this study is to show how effective brand heritage and brand stewardship can contribute to build a strong brand image and thus strengthen corporate marketing. Moreover, it is aimed to provide evidences that historical resources can enforce the brand identity and create desirability among customers, the strong brand creating value to both the customer and the company.

The Migrant Workers Hostel and the four Artisan Houses, situated on a corner site within the Newtown Cultural Precinct, holds untapped historic and cultural potential that no facility occupying that site has allowed it to reach. The desire to conceptualise a new role for these abandoned heritage buildings on this culturally significant site was the initial motivation for the intervention. The intended design intervention transforms the existing derelict site into one of opportunity, through a public education facility, allowing information to be accessed through the media film. Through the new interpretation of a safe study environment, 'Connection' allows everyone the opportunity of accessing information and furthering oneself. / Dissertation (MInt(Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Architecture / unrestricted

Artificiality, as a manifestation of the pursuit of escape, saturates the city and landscapes of Johannesburg. It is the narrative from which the city spawned, constructs and relentlessly perpetuates itself. This first artificial landscape is the materialization of escape, the synthetic, nostalgic reproduction of the known. Brixton cemetery is nostalgic remnant existing in Johannesburg. Looming in a state suspended animation, it is an embodiment of the amnesic material and urban blight which pervades the city, created from desire to escape. The nostalgic artificiality inherent in this cemetery (produced by the desire to escape), in dire need of intervention, holds the material which unlocks the method for its reanimation. The project investigates how architecture, as a second artificial landscape, can occupy the amnesic gap inherent in the nostalgic remnant to reanimate the conditions present in the cemetery and the nostalgic forest. This is accomplished through an architectural insertion which appropriates the physical, nostalgic, metaphysical and mythological layers of escape embodied in the cemetery as the strategy for intervention. The project further investigates a new burial typology which functions by either the prevention or acceptance of the inevitable amnesic condition caused by memorialization. A Bioluminescent Conservatory is proposed to reanimate the forest through the artificiality of escape, while the addition of a columbarium serves to expand and reoccupy the cemetery. Conceptually, the projects investigates how the narrative of escape can further be absorbed into the architecture through the artificiality inherent in the cemetery’s material. The idea of negative as an artificial reproduction is adopted as a conceptual strategy for intervention and articulation of the architecture. The negative as conceptual framework is explored through the artistic work of Christian Boltanski who’s work painfully reveals the treachery of memory and memorialization, but also finally signifies the potentiality inherent in this amnesic inevitability to redeem, reoccupy and recreate from this gap. The cemetery and forest are reanimated by disconfiguring the mechanism of escape and the conditions which it instilled in the cemetery. / Mini Dissertation MArch (Prof)--University of Pretoria, 2018. / Architecture / MArch (Prof) / Unrestricted

No description available.

This thesis is concerned with the ways in which museums have been used as vehicles to convey notions of the nation. It looks specifically at the Iziko Museums of South Africa's social history sites that deal with the subject of slavery. It is concerned with the absence of a narrative of slavery at Iziko museums before the demise of Apartheid and looks the historical and socio-political changes that lead to its emergence in South African historical consciousness. It is a study of the history of museums as well as the ways in which history has been used in museums. It looks at the ways Iziko, as a national museum, has guarded and promoted ideas of the nation as decided by the state. The thesis examines with the ways in which the museum has transformed since its inception in the colonial period up to the present day. The time period investigated is 1855 to 2016. Guiding questions for the thesis are: for what purpose were museums created in South Africa; what are the implications of colonial practice on the ways in which they functioned; why has the history of slavery has been disavowed in South African historical consciousness; what led to the rise of the study of slavery in South Africa; what has the emergence of the new museology meant for museum practice; how have heritage studies transformed the South African historical landscape. The thesis begins with a theoretical literature overview of museums more generally and its links with power and representation and the colonial regime. It then moves on to investigate the origin and history of Iziko museums by working through published literature on the subject, unpublished materials, other institutional materials found in the Iziko archive and interviews conducted with past and current employees. It then looks takes an historical survey of South African historiography and its exclusion of the history of slavery and later the emergence of such a narrative. Lastly it looks at how the nation has been narrated by the state after Apartheid and how the museum responded to the new dispensation. The thesis concludes that Iziko museums have transformed over the last two centuries in terms of the subject matter it studies. Museological activity has been diversified to include a range of subjects hitherto ignored in South African public consciousness due to the legacy of both colonialism and Apartheid. Most importantly it shows that the museum has continually responded to concepts of the South African nation and that national museums are inextricably tied to the nation-state.