Este estudo tem como objetivo geral compreender como os memoriais da Praça da Matriz constroem sua importância institucional para o Estado por meio de seus heróis organizacionais. Como objetivos específicos buscaram-se evidenciar as diferenças teóricas entre memória e história e seu uso na comunicação organizacional; verificar a influência do Positivismo no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul e as implicações em organizações na Praça da Matriz de Porto Alegre; analisar exposições de memoriais de organizações públicas localizados ao redor da Praça da Matriz de Porto Alegre. Para tanto, adotou-se como apoio teórico a literatura de várias áreas do conhecimento - como Sociologia, História, Ciências da Informação e Comunicação -, estabelecendo uma colagem de ideias e conceitos extraídos de seus contextos originais, como uma espécie de reconstrução do pensamento Os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados para o desenvolvimento da análise foram a visita e descrição dos memoriais e análise documental referente aos objetos expostos sobre os heróis organizacionais, preenchendo o quadro da Jornada do Herói, com as respectivas etapas e reflexão sobre suas criações no ambiente organizacional e na comparação entre eles. O estudo destaca a importância dos profissionais de comunicação pensarem mais sobre a construção dos mitos nos discursos da história institucional, refletindo desde sua escolha pelos historiadores até sua influência social e cultural para a organização. / This study has as a main objective to understand how the memorials of Matriz Square, in Porto Alegre, build their institutional relevance for the State by means of their organizational heroes. As per a specific objective, the intention was to highlight the theoretical diferences between memory and history and their use in organizational communication; to verify the influence of Positivism in Rio Grande do Sul State and the implications in organizations at Matriz Square; to analyze exhibitions of memorials of public organizations located in the surroundings of Matriz Square. In order to do so, the theoretical support that was needed was the literature of various fields on the knowledge, such as Sociology, History, Information Science and Communication, establishing a collage of ideas and concepts taken from their original contexts, as a kind of a thought reconstruction. The methodological procedures that were used for the development of the analysis were the visitation and description of the memorials and documental analysis regarding the exhibited objects about the organizational heroes, filling out the chart of the Hero Journey, with their respective stages and reflections on their creations in the organizational environment and comparisons between them. This study highlights the relevance of professionals of communication to think more about the construction of the myths in the speeches of institutional history, reflecting from the choosing of their historians up to their cultural and social influence on the organization.

[pt] Este trabalho analisa a representação estética do discurso do humanitarismo a partir do papel do humanitário como personagem principal da narrativa heroica da política internacional. Entendido como um conjunto de técnicas e procedimentos, o humanitarismo classifica e reforça a disciplina relacionada à política internacional por meio do comportamento individual e coletivo. Esta tese argumenta que essa organização pode ser identificada por meio da análise desse discurso, especialmente nas imagens relacionadas ao humanitarismo e normalmente utilizadas em campanhas humanitárias por organizações humanitárias internacionais e organizações não governamentais. Campanhas que exploram a identificação e reflexão do espectador com a iconografia utilizada tendem a contribuir para essa construção do humanitário como o herói da política internacional, ou seja, o indivíduo que salva e que soluciona os problemas e as crises do internacional, como conflitos, sofrimento, fome, pobreza e catástrofes ambientais. As imagens do herói humanitário contribuem para a sua perpetuação como um mito moderno, um modelo de conduta da ação individual em relação à política internacional e ao sofrimento distante que ironicamente mobiliza uma moral coletiva através da gratificação autocentrada. / [en] This work analyses the aesthetic representation of the discourse of humanitarianism based on the role of the humanitarian as the main character of the heroic narrative of international politics. Understood as ensemble of techniques and procedures, humanitarianism classifies and reinforces discipline related to international politics through individual and collective behavior. This dissertation argues that this organization can be identified through the analysis of this discourse, especially in the pictures related to humanitarian politics and usually used on humanitarian campaigns by international humanitarian organizations and nongovernmental organizations. Campaigns that explore the identification and reflection of the spectator to its iconography tend to contribute to this construction of the humanitarian as the hero of the international politics, meaning the individual that saves and solves the problems and crises of the international, such as conflicts, suffering, hunger, poverty, and environment crises. The images of the humanitarian hero contribute to its perpetuation as a modern myth, a model of conduct of the individual action regarding international politics and distant suffering that ironically mobilizes a collective moral through self-centered gratification.

A presente tese está calcada na análise da obra de Ariano Suassuna, o Romance dA Pedra do Reino e o príncipe do sangue do vai-e-volta, considerado pelo autor como a sua obra maior e, a princípio, o primeiro volume da trilogia A maravilhosa desaventura de Quaderna, o decifrador, e no primeiro volume da segunda parte da trilogia, O rei degolado ao Sol da Onça Caetana. O trabalho consiste, fundamentalmente, em examinar o diálogo estabelecido entre a obra de Suassuna com textos representativos da tradição literária ocidental, mais propriamente com os que remontam ao medievo. Para isso, fez-se um recorte nas relações que o romance trava com a matéria cavaleiresca, principalmente com a Demanda do Santo Graal, na sua estrutura e no desenho psicológico e moral dos personagens, notadamente de Sinésio, que encarna o mito do herói prometido, cujos paradigmas se assentam na figura lendária do Rei Artur, além de Galaaz, e na histórica de D. Sebastião, o rei desaparecido de Portugal. Sabe-se que esses reis e heróis míticos, considerados salvadores, uma vez que retornariam para restituir ao povo a dignidade e a liberdade perdidas, povoaram o imaginário ibérico e chegaram ao Brasil trazidos pelos colonizadores europeus. Dessa forma, a cultura popular do Nordeste brasileiro é povoada de histórias e lendas eternizadas e recriadas no folclore da região e na literatura de Cordel. Mas, ao lado do messianismo, outro aspecto faz-se notório nos personagens de Suassuna: a crueldade. E este tema, bem como o nome do personagem D. Pedro Dinis Quaderna, remete-nos para a história de alguns reis ibéricos da Idade Média: Pedro de Portugal e Pedro de Castela, que serão revisitados à luz da Crônica de D. Pedro de Fernão Lopes, no intuito de observar-se o diálogo com esta estabelecido por Suassuna, direta ou indiretamente / This doctoral thesis (Brazilian format for Dissertation) dwells on an analysis of the novel A Pedra do Reino e o Príncipe do Sangue do Vai-e-Volta by Ariano Suassuna, considered his greatest work and the first installment of the trilogy A maravilhosa desaventura de Quaderna, o decifrador, being the second part of that trilogy O Rei Degolado ao Sol da Onça Caetana. This research consists essentially in examining the dialogue established among Suassunas work and texts representing western literary tradition more properly concerning the medieval period. A selection of relations found in that novel concerning chivalry was then chosen, more specifically concerning the Quest for the Holy Grail (Demanda do Santo Graal) in its structure and in the psychological and moral design of the characters, especially Sinésio, who embodies the myth of the promised hero, whose paradigms regard the legendary figure of King Arthur, in addition to Galahad, and in King Sebastians historical figure, the King of Portugal who went missing. It is well-known that these mythical kings and heroes, considered saviors, wound once return to restitute people with their lost dignity and freedom, being part of the imaginary world in Iberia. They were brought to Brazil by European colonizers. Thus, the popular culture in Northeastern Brazil is filled with stories and legends rendered eternal and recreated in their regional folklore, as well as in the Cordel Literature (a popular form of literature in the region). Yet, aside from its messianic trait, another aspect is notable in Suassunas characters: cruelty. This theme, as well as the name of the character D. Pedro Dinis Quaderna, leads us to the story of certain Iberian Kings from the Middle Ages: Pedro of Portugal and Pedro of Castile, later revisited in the Crônica de D. Pedro by Fernão Lopes, aiming to observe the dialogue, directly or indirectly, with Suassunas writing

Este estudo tem como objetivo geral compreender como os memoriais da Praça da Matriz constroem sua importância institucional para o Estado por meio de seus heróis organizacionais. Como objetivos específicos buscaram-se evidenciar as diferenças teóricas entre memória e história e seu uso na comunicação organizacional; verificar a influência do Positivismo no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul e as implicações em organizações na Praça da Matriz de Porto Alegre; analisar exposições de memoriais de organizações públicas localizados ao redor da Praça da Matriz de Porto Alegre. Para tanto, adotou-se como apoio teórico a literatura de várias áreas do conhecimento - como Sociologia, História, Ciências da Informação e Comunicação -, estabelecendo uma colagem de ideias e conceitos extraídos de seus contextos originais, como uma espécie de reconstrução do pensamento Os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados para o desenvolvimento da análise foram a visita e descrição dos memoriais e análise documental referente aos objetos expostos sobre os heróis organizacionais, preenchendo o quadro da Jornada do Herói, com as respectivas etapas e reflexão sobre suas criações no ambiente organizacional e na comparação entre eles. O estudo destaca a importância dos profissionais de comunicação pensarem mais sobre a construção dos mitos nos discursos da história institucional, refletindo desde sua escolha pelos historiadores até sua influência social e cultural para a organização. / This study has as a main objective to understand how the memorials of Matriz Square, in Porto Alegre, build their institutional relevance for the State by means of their organizational heroes. As per a specific objective, the intention was to highlight the theoretical diferences between memory and history and their use in organizational communication; to verify the influence of Positivism in Rio Grande do Sul State and the implications in organizations at Matriz Square; to analyze exhibitions of memorials of public organizations located in the surroundings of Matriz Square. In order to do so, the theoretical support that was needed was the literature of various fields on the knowledge, such as Sociology, History, Information Science and Communication, establishing a collage of ideas and concepts taken from their original contexts, as a kind of a thought reconstruction. The methodological procedures that were used for the development of the analysis were the visitation and description of the memorials and documental analysis regarding the exhibited objects about the organizational heroes, filling out the chart of the Hero Journey, with their respective stages and reflections on their creations in the organizational environment and comparisons between them. This study highlights the relevance of professionals of communication to think more about the construction of the myths in the speeches of institutional history, reflecting from the choosing of their historians up to their cultural and social influence on the organization.

This diploma thesis deals with the problems of the self-reflection in the prose of the 20th century. At first there are described the techniques of the narration, which appeared in the 20th century. Then there are defined the general signs of the self-reflection and the influence of social situation on the increase of the self-reflection. In the next section the work involves the analysis of the novel Život a názory blahorodého pana Tristrama Shandyho. The conception of the self-reflection is defined on this piece. In the last part of the work the self-reflection is showed on Czech prose of the 20th century.

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The diploma thesis "Athletes as heroes - construction and evolution of Czech olympic medalist image" deals with media construction of olympic Winter image and its following trasformation into national hero myth. It approaches the topic from the perspective of semiotic analysis. It informs about the key concepts of semiotics and media studies like visual communication, sign, code, myth, social construction of reality, representation and stereotype. These concepts are consequently used as tools for the analysis of photos (thein legends) and headlines in daily press. The text shows on the case of six olympic winners (between years 1998 - 2008) how Czech daily press dealt and built individual stories a basic archetypes. In its first part it offers basic theoretical frame serving to understand the hero image as the social construct. Athlete with his win attracts new - medial constructed - identity. In the second part text tries to analyse media contents that deal with athetes images immediate after their olympic victory. It arrives to following conclusions: media have a tendency to produce the stories od victory, that are gender unequal and stereotyped. And finally, text show us individual images, their basic signs and confrontation, that signifies very similar narrative pracices and zero progress in time.

This thesis focuses on the way in which the media presented the Czech biathlon team over the period of its greatest success, between 2012 and 2018. In this context, it deals with how often the media presented relationships, mood and cooperation in the team as perfect, helping to create the myth of an ideal team. The aim of the thesis is to answer the research question: How was the myth of an ideal biathlon team constructed by the media, biathlonists and the support team? This question is answered through an analysis of biathlon articles published in the years 2012 - 2018 across four Czech sports diaries, namely iSport.cz, sport.cz, sport.aktualne.cz and sport.iDNES.cz. The analysis uses qualitative content analysis extended by linguistic analysis of discourse. The analysis of the individual articles is based on theoretical background, devoted to the media's representation of reality, media logic, myth, heroism, myth in sport and discourse. The results of the analysis describe the way and means by which the actors helped construct the myth of a perfectly functioning biathlon team. The methods used with examples are given at the end of the thesis.

[pt] Esta dissertação apresenta o desenho animado Steven Universo (2013) enquanto mídia produzida e produtora de comportamentos na vida social. A análise de seu enredo, personagens, músicas e temas abordados visa discutir as relações de poder presentes na estrutura social fictícia à luz de teorias do poder, da corporalidade e das emoções. O objetivo é perceber essas relações em regimes colonialistas e sua presença ainda hoje nas narrativas da indústria cultural, através de descrição de cenas, perfil de personagens e revisão bibliográfica. A hierarquia política da sociedade de castas apresentada na série animada é associada ao controle sobre os corpos como instrumento de controle social. E mostra também as consequências de determinados regimes opressores no desenvolvimento emocional dos indivíduos. / [en] This research presents the animated series Steven Universe (2013) as a product and a producer of behavior in social life. The analyze of it s plot, characters, musics and theme intend to discuss power relations in the ficticious social structure using theories of power, bodies and emotions. The objective is to realize those relations in colonialists systems and there presence still now in the narratives in cultural industry, by describing cenes, characters historys and theories review. The political hierarchy of the society presented at the animated series is associated with bodies control as a social control instrument. And it also shows the consequences os some opressor regimes in people emotional development.

Historical narratives and anecdotes concerning Captain John Smith have been told and retold throughout the entire history the United States of America, and they have proved to be sacred, influential, and contested elements in the construction of the individual, sectional, regional, and national identity of many. In this thesis, I first outline some of the history of how narratives and discourses surrounding Captain John Smith were directly connected with the identity of many Americans during the 18th and 19th century, especially Virginians and Southerners. Then I outline how these narratives and discourses from the 18th and 19th centuries have continued and evolved in the 20th and 21st centuries in American scholarship and popular culture. I demonstrate how Captain John Smith went from being used as a symbol for regional and sectional identity to a symbol for broader national American identity, and how he has anachronistically come to be considered an American. I then show how Captain John Smith has continued to be constructed, to a seemingly larger degree than previous centuries, as a hero of almost mythic proportions. Finally I demonstrate how this constructed American hero is used as a posterchild for various interest groups and ideologies in order to legitimize the places of certain discourses and behavior within constructed and contested American identities.