Tsar Ivan IV, commonly known as Ivan the Terrible, rapidly became a symbol of Russian national identity. From the creation of the Russian Empire by Peter the Great, Ivan became recognized as the leader who consolidated Muscovite territory in the 16th Century and centralised his power against the whims of an elite which sought to preserve their privileges. However, the construction of this historical narrative was a long process, limited by the paucity of the sources as well as certain state conventions. This thesis aims to analyse how the four key historians of the Russian Empire assembled historical knowledge on Ivan IV. The writings of Nikolai Karamzin, Sergei Soloviev, Vasilii Kliuchevskii and Sergei Platonov are examined in order to understand the process that forged historiographical knowledge on the second part of Ivan's reign, which was characterised by the cruelty as well as the consolidation of his power. This analysis outlines the influence that personal experiences, beliefs and socio-political context had on the way these historians interpreted this period, which was crucial to the emergence of the modern Russia state. / Le tsar Ivan IV, surnommé le Terrible, fut un personnage qui devint rapidement un symbole pour l'identité nationale russe. Dès la création de l'Empire russe par Pierre le Grand, il fut reconnu comme celui qui a consolidé le territoire de la Moscovie au XVIe siècle et a centralisé son pouvoir contre les velléités d'une élite à conserver ses privilèges. Cependant, la construction de ce récit historique fut un long procédé, limité par la rareté des sources et les conventions étatiques. Cette thèse visait à analyser comment quatre historiens clés de la Russie impériale construisirent les connaissances historiques sur Ivan. Les écrits de Nikolai Karamzin, Sergei Soloviev, Vasilii Kliuchevskii et Sergei Platonov seront pris en compte pour comprendre le processus derrière l'historiographie de la seconde partie du règne d'Ivan, caractérisée par une cruauté et par la consolidation de son pouvoir. Cette analyse démontre l'influence que les expériences personnelles de l'historien, ses croyances et le contexte socio-politique sur la construction de cette période jugée capitale pour l'État russe.

<p> This treatise focuses on the evolution of the xylophone in the music of Dmitri Shostakovich. The xylophone occupied an important position in Shostakovich's aesthetic, evidenced in the exposed solos of the first <i>Jazz Suite </i> and the <i>Polka from The Golden Age.</i> In his symphonies, Shostakovich's use of the xylophone expands the role of the instrument from a demarcation or coloristic device to a vehicle of complex cultural and personal ideas ranging from the struggle of the Soviet people under Joseph Stalin, the composer's own hatred of war, and prominently, the multi-faceted idea of betrayal. This document presents a biographical overview of Shostakovich's life, an overview of the history of the xylophone from antiquity through the Twentieth Century, and an analysis of the use of the xylophone in Shostakovich's symphonies. Rhythmic and melodic motives, orchestrational effects, and pitch class relationships are examined in addition to specific score examples.</p>

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of History, 2008. / Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Oct. 5, 2009). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-02, Section: A, page: 0662. Adviser: Ben Eklof.

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<p>In Russia today women use traditional forms of birth control at unusually high rates, whereas, conversely their use of modern contraceptives is unusually low. During the Soviet period, women&rsquo;s access to modern contraceptive methods may have been limited. However, one would postulate that after the collapse of the Soviet Union, the nature of the new reforms that developed would have lent itself to an increase in modern contraception usage on par with other countries. In Russia today there is not a lack of availability of modern contraceptives. Yet, women are still not using modern contraception at a rate that is congruent with an increase in availability. What then is influencing Russian women&rsquo;s decisions? The contraceptive acceptance of Russian women today is shaped by cultural legacies of the Soviet Union surrounding both contraceptives themselves and sex and sex education. </p>

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2006. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-07, Section: A, page: 2707. Adviser: Mark D. Steinberg. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 176-193) Available on microfilm from Pro Quest Information and Learning.

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