The population of cities like Stockholm and Gothenburg is growing. With this population growth there comes an increased demand for housing in the big cities. The need for housing for all these people is a problem. The housing market have seen the price for housing skyrocket in the last 10 years and the people that are affected the most are young adults. The problem that arises is that young adults that are interested in moving to cities will be forced to rent for hefty amounts of money or get third-hand accommodation. The result is that young adults seek alternative housing, one example being coliving.Coliving is a form of accommodation that houses a group of people in the same apartment. They share facilities in form of kitchen and living room, appliances, and furniture. You get your own private bedroom and occasionally you get you own private bathroom, or you share that as well. Coliving combines privacy with shared areas. Coliving reduces the rent for the residents and creates a social environment for those living there.This study will explore to see if there exist interest in coliving among young adults and to see if young adults can get access to the housing market through coliving. One expert interview and a web survey were conducted to answer this question. In addition to this, earlier studies were also examined. The survey concluded that one-third of the respondents was interested in coliving. The reason is that they think that the housing market is tough and that coliving can be a solution to the housing crisis in cities. Coliving can serve as a smart alternative to the traditional housing types in the big cities and provide access to groups of people that often struggle to enter the housing market.

Köpet av en bostadsrätt är för de flesta människor den största investering i deras liv. Som bostadsrättsinnehavare förvaltas huset och fastigheten av en bostadsrättsförening. För att finansiera driften och underhållet tar föreningen ut en avgift från bostadsrättsinnehavaren, en månadsavgift. Månadsavgiften, tillsammans med eventuella räntekostnader som uppstår om finansiering skett genom lån, utgör den sammanlagda boendekostnaden för bostadsrättsinnehavaren. Därför bör det vara av stor vikt att köparen försäkrar sig om att föreningen har god ekonomi och har skötts på ett bra sätt, för att undvika stora och oväntade höjningar av månadsavgiften vilket medför ökade boendekostnader. Den här uppsatsen syftar till att undersöka i vilken omfattning aktörer på bostadsmarknaden använder årsredovisningen som beslutsunderlag vid köpet av bostadsrätt samt att ge förslag på hur man kan göra årsredovisningen mer lättläst och förståelig. Data insamlades genom fastighetsekonomisk facklitteratur, myndigheter och organisationer som är verksamma inom området. Frågeställningarna ovan besvarades genom empiriska undersökningar i form av enkäter och intervjuer samt en jämförelsestudie av tre stycken bostadsrättsföreningar i Stockholms innerstad. Resultaten från enkäterna indikerade på att endast de med ekonomisk utbildning använde sig av och kunde tolka årsredovisningarna inför köpet av sin bostadsrätt. I de mer diskuterande intervjuerna framgick att även de med ekonomisk utbildning saknade kunskaperna som krävdes för att analysera föreningarnas årsredovisning på djupet, även om de hade större förståelse än de utan ekonomisk utbildning. Jämförelsestudien illustrerade hur nyckeltal kan användas för att analysera en bostadsrättsförenings ekonomiska status. Slutsatsen är att aktörer på bostadsrättsmarknaden utan ekonomisk utbildning inte använder sig av årsredovisningen som beslutsunderlag vid köp av bostadsrätter. De med ekonomisk utbildning använder sig av föreningens årsredovisning men saknar förmågan att analysera föreningens ekonomi på djupet. Uppsatsen föreslår att de behandlade nyckeltalen med tillhörande förklarande text bör presenteras i varje årsredovisning, förslagsvis under förvaltningsberättelsen. Det skulle medföra att samtliga aktörer på bostadsrättsmarknaden kan analysera föreningens ekonomi på djupet och försäkra sig om att göra ett välgrundat köp. / The purchase of a cooperative apartment is for most people the largest venture in their life. The housing cooperative is responsible for the running expenses and maintenance of the property and the house. To finance these costs, the owner of the cooperative apartment has to pay a monthly fee. The monthly fee, combined with possible interest costs if the apartment was funded by a loan, make the total accommodation cost for the cooperative apartment owner. Therefore it should be of importance to analyze the economic status of the housing cooperation prior the purchase. The purpose of this thesis is to examine the extent to which buyers use the annual reports of the housing cooperatives as decision-making material for the purchase, and provide suggestions on how to make the annual report more readable and understandable. Data were collected by literature, government agencies and other organizations in the real estate economic field. The questions above were answered through empirical research in the form of questionnaires and interviews, as well as a comparative study of three housing cooperatives in the inner city of Stockholm. The questionnaires indicates that only those with economic education made use of and could interpret the annual report when buying their cooperative apartment. The more discursive interviews showed that even those with economic education lacked the knowledge to analyze the association’s annual report in depth. The comparative study illustrated how key figures can be used to analyze the housing cooperative financial status. The conclusion is that actors on the cooperative apartment market that lack economic education does not use the annual reports at all as decision making materials. Even those with economic education lack the ability to analyze the housing cooperatives financial status in depth. The thesis suggests that the treated key figures with accompanying explanatory text should be presented in each annual report. It would mean that all actors in the cooperative apartment market could analyze the housing cooperation’s The purchase of a cooperative apartment is for most people the largest venture in their life. The housing cooperative is responsible for the running expenses and maintenance of the property and the house. To finance these costs, the owner of the cooperative apartment has to pay a monthly fee. The monthly fee, combined with possible interest costs if the apartment was funded by a loan, make the total accommodation cost for the cooperative apartment owner. Therefore it should be of importance to analyze the economic status of the housing cooperation prior the purchase. The purpose of this thesis is to examine the extent to which buyers use the annual reports of the housing cooperatives as decision-making material for the purchase, and provide suggestions on how to make the annual report more readable and understandable. Data were collected by literature, government agencies and other organizations in the real estate economic field. The questions above were answered through empirical research in the form of questionnaires and interviews, as well as a comparative study of three housing cooperatives in the inner city of Stockholm. The questionnaires indicates that only those with economic education made use of and could interpret the annual report when buying their cooperative apartment. The more discursive interviews showed that even those with economic education lacked the knowledge to analyze the association’s annual report in depth. The comparative study illustrated how key figures can be used to analyze the housing cooperative financial status. The conclusion is that actors on the cooperative apartment market that lack economic education does not use the annual reports at all as decision making materials. Even those with economic education lack the ability to analyze the housing cooperatives financial status in depth. The thesis suggests that the treated key figures with accompanying explanatory text should be presented in each annual report. It would mean that all actors in the cooperative apartment market could analyze the housing cooperation’s The purchase of a cooperative apartment is for most people the largest venture in their life. The housing cooperative is responsible for the running expenses and maintenance of the property and the house. To finance these costs, the owner of the cooperative apartment has to pay a monthly fee. The monthly fee, combined with possible interest costs if the apartment was funded by a loan, make the total accommodation cost for the cooperative apartment owner. Therefore it should be of importance to analyze the economic status of the housing cooperation prior the purchase. The purpose of this thesis is to examine the extent to which buyers use the annual reports of the housing cooperatives as decision-making material for the purchase, and provide suggestions on how to make the annual report more readable and understandable. Data were collected by literature, government agencies and other organizations in the real estate economic field. The questions above were answered through empirical research in the form of questionnaires and interviews, as well as a comparative study of three housing cooperatives in the inner city of Stockholm. The questionnaires indicates that only those with economic education made use of and could interpret the annual report when buying their cooperative apartment. The more discursive interviews showed that even those with economic education lacked the knowledge to analyze the association’s annual report in depth. The comparative study illustrated how key figures can be used to analyze the housing cooperative financial status. The conclusion is that actors on the cooperative apartment market that lack economic education does not use the annual reports at all as decision making materials. Even those with economic education lack the ability to analyze the housing cooperatives financial status in depth. The thesis suggests that the treated key figures with accompanying explanatory text should be presented in each annual report. It would mean that all actors in the cooperative apartment market could analyze the housing cooperation’s financial status in depth with ease.

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Detta är en uppsats skriven på Kungliga tekniska högskolan i Stockholm inom Samhällsbyggnadsprogrammet med inriktning fastighetsjuridik.   Ägarlägenheter har funnits på den svenska marknaden sen 2009 trots detta finns det bara lite över tusen stycken idag. Ägarlägenhet liknar bostadsrätten men skillnaden är att ägaren av en bostadsrätt har nyttjanderätt till sin bostad medan ägaren till en ägarlägenhet har äganderätt till just den bostaden. Det vill säga att ägarlägenheten är mer lik ett småhus än en bostadsrätt rent juridiskt.  Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka ägarlägenheters möjligheter för andrahandsuthyrning främst för korttidsuthyrning och jämföra med bostadsrätter. Vad är skillnaderna mellan hur en ägarlägenhet och en bostadsrätts får hyras ut redogörs för. Den kommer även att diskutera hur möjligheterna för andrahandsuthyrningen har förändrats under de senaste åren. Uppsatsen kommer även att undersöka varför en ägarlägenhet har förvärvats.  Hur ser reglerna ut för andrahandsuthyrning av de olika upplåtelseformerna undersöks i uppsatsen. Andrahandsuthyrningen för hyresrätter är ofta begränsad och kräver tillstånd från hyresvärden. Det är inte möjligt att ta ut en högre hyra än vad denne själv har. Hyrs lägenheten ut möblerad fås tio till femton procent påslag tas ut. För bostadsrätter gäller liknande regler som för hyresrätter att tillstånd krävs, dock från bostadsrättsföreningen i stället för hyresvärden. Däremot är det möjligt numer genom lag om uthyrning av egen bostad att ta ut en högre hyra jämfört med hyresrätter. Kapitalkostnaden plus driftkostnaderna ligger till grund för vilken hyran som får tas. Hyressättning för andrahandsuthyrning för småhus och ägarlägenheter fungerar på samma sätt däremot behövs det inte tillstånd från någon annan för att få hyra ut.  De som köper ägarlägenheter är till stor del människor som köper för att barn eller barnbarn ska ha en bostad i framtiden men även som investering för att hyra ut i andrahand. Flera köper även för att ha ägarlägenheten som en bostad själv. / This is an essay written at the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm within Degree Programme in Civil Engineering and Urban Management with a focus on real estate law. Despite the fact condominiums have been on the Swedish market since 2009, that there are only a little over a thousand units today. When condominiums were launched, the government believed that 3 000-5 000 units would be built each year.  Condominiums is similar to the housing cooperative, but the difference is that the owner of a housing cooperative has the right to use his residence while the owner of a condominiums is entitled to the property. In other words, the owner's residence is more like a single-family home than a housing cooperative purely legal speaking. The purpose of this paper is to investigate condominiums opportunities for short-term rental, comparable to housing cooperative rentals. What are the differences between how a property apartment and a housing cooperative can be rented out is explained. It will also discuss how the possibilities for second hand rent have changed in recent years. The essay will also investigate why an owner apartment has been acquired. How does the rules appear for second-hand leasing of the various forms of submission are examined in the essay. Secondary rent for rental rights is often limited and, under the permission of the landlord, it is not possible to rent a higher rent than it himself has. Renting the apartment out furnished is available ten to fifteen percent surcharge taken. In the case of housing cooperative, similar rules apply as for tenant-owner but with the permission from the housing cooperative association. On the other hand, because of “lag om uthyrning av egen bostad” it is possible to charge a higher rent compared with tenancy. The capital cost plus operating costs underlies the rent that may be taken. Rental rent for second-hand rentals for single-family and condominiums works in the same way, but no other's permission is required for rental.  Those who buy condominiums are largely people people who buy for children or grandchildren to have a home in the future but also as an investment for renting out in other respects. Several also buy to own the property as a residence itself

Eco-visualization technologies aim to trigger more environmental behaviors by providing feedback about the usage of key resources such as energy. However, the design of these technologies to encourage energy conservation has been mainly focused on individual behaviors in a household level. Addressing a different approach researchers at KTH have designed the housing cooperative app, a web application that provides feedback about the collective energy consumption of housing cooperatives in Stockholm, aiming to reduce the cooperative's collective energy use. By using a Research Through Design approach, this thesis explores how data visualization can support amateur energy work through the housing cooperative app. For this, I identified design problems in the data visualization elements of the app, which I aimed to solve by redesigning them; then, I conducted semi structured interviews with amateur energy workers, where they interacted with the application, to generate new insights about how data visualization can be used in an amateur work context. Through the interviews it was possible to obtain qualitative answers about the challenges of amateurs energy workers and the way data visualization could be used to address theses challenges and achieve their goals in an efficient way. The interviews was divided in Background, Amateur work, Comprehension and Usefulness of the data, and were supported by a walkthrough in the application presenting to users different scenarios and features in the application. Results showed the potential that data visualizations have to support amateur energy workers to overcome their main challenges and to identify the rewards of their work. In this thesis I discuss about this potential, and about design aspects that are important to consider when designing eco-visualization technologies in amateur energy context. / I detta examensarbete undersöktes hur datavisualisering kan stödja icke-professionellt energiarbete vid användning av appen utvecklad för bostadsrättsföreningar. För att göra detta användes metoden research through design. Under arbetet identifierade jag problem i appens tidigare design och förbättrade visualiseringselementen. Efter detta utfördes en intervjustudie av semistrukturerad form med icke-professionella energiarbetare som informanter. Under dessa intervjuer interagerade informanterna med appen i ett försök att finna nya insikter om hur datavisualisering kan användas i en icke-professionel kontext.   Intervjuerna var uppdelade i de tre kategorierna: bakgrund om informanten, icke-professionellt arbete samt förståelse och användbarhet av informationen i appen. Under intervjuerna utförde jag en demonstration av appen för att presentera de olika funktioner och scenarier jag ville utvärdera. Intervjuerna gav mig ett kvalitativt resultat med insikter om de hinder som upplevs av användargruppen, och hur datavisualisering kan användas för att åtgärda dessa.   Resultaten visade att datavisualisering har potentialen att hjälpa utövare av icke-professionellt energiarbete. Detta görs genom att underlätta deras uppgifter, samt en ökad förståelse för de positiva konsekvenser det för med sig. Slutligen diskuterar jag potentialen av ekovisualisering, samt de designaspekter jag anser viktiga för utveckling i en icke-professionell kontext relaterat till energi.

En bostadsrättsförening kan välja att utkontraktera vissa tjänster till externa aktörer eller sköta det i egen regi. I dagens samhälle är det allt vanligare att bostadsrättsföreningar anlitar extern förvaltning, och allt färre sköter det i egen regi. Anledningen till detta är att föreningen kan få hjälp med fastighetsförvaltningen. Den här studien ämnar undersöka motiv att välja extern förvaltning utifrån en bostadsrättsförenings perspektiv och om detta kan påverka den finansiella stabiliteten.  Studien grundar sig på två delar. Den första delen är en enkätstudie bland bostadsrättsföreningar på Södermalm i Stockholm, vilken genomförs i syfte att ta reda på motiv att anlita externa förvaltningstjänster. Den andra delen är en jämförelse mellan bostadsrättsföreningars årsredovisningar från år 2022, vilken genomförs i syfte att undersöka den finansiella stabiliteten. Jämförelsen baseras på tre nyckeltal: räntekänslighet, årsavgift per kvadratmeter upplåten med bostadsrätt samt skuldsättning per kvadratmeter.   Resultatet visar att de tre främsta motiven är tid, kompetens och storlek på bostadsrättsföreningen. Motiven tid och kompetens syftar på att föreningsarbetet ställer höga krav på tidsåtgång och kompetens för lekmän. Vidare har uppsatsen funnit att ju större bostadsrättsförening, i termer av antal bostadslägenheter, desto större sannolikhet är det att extern förvaltning anlitas.   Uppsatsen har även funnit att en bostadsrättsförening, som anlitat extern förvaltning, har större möjlighet att uppnå eller bibehålla en god finansiell stabilitet. Resultatet visar att det förekommer märkbara skillnader för medelvärdet av räntekänslighet och skuldsättning per kvadratmeter beroende på om föreningen har extern förvaltning eller inte. Bostadsrättsföreningar med extern förvaltning har i båda fallen ett lägre medelvärde, vilket signalerar starkare finansiell stabilitet. Skillnaden i medelvärdet av årsavgift per kvadratmeter upplåten med bostadsrätt var inte lika uppenbar. Dock har de två första nyckeltalen tydligare koppling till finansiell stabilitet, och väger därmed tyngre. / A housing cooperative can choose to outsource some of its services to an external part or manage it internally. In today’s society it’s common for housing cooperatives to choose external property management, while fewer handle it internally. The main reason for this is to receive support regarding their property management. This study aims at examining motives for choosing external management from the perspective of a housing cooperative and how this can affect the financial stability.  The study is based on two parts. The first part is a questionnaire survey among housing cooperatives on Södermalm in Stockholm, conducted to identify the motives for hiring external management services. The second part is a comparison between their annual reports from the year 2022, conducted to examine financial stability. The comparison is based on three key indicators: interest rate sensitivity, annual fee per square meter of cooperative housing and debt per square meter. The result shows that the three main motives are time, competence and size of the housing cooperative. The motives time and competence refer to the fact that the association work makes too high demands on time and expertise for laypeople. Furthermore, our findings show that the larger the housing cooperative is, in terms of number of residential apartments, the greater the likelihood of hiring external management.   Our findings show that a housing cooperative that has engaged external management, has a greater opportunity to achieve or maintain financial stability. There are noticeable differences in the mean value of interest rate sensitivity and debt per square meter, depending on whether the housing cooperative has external management or not. In both cases, the housing cooperatives with external management have a lower mean value which indicates a stronger financial stability. The difference in mean value of annual fee per square meter of cooperative housing was not as obvious. Though, the first two key indicators are more closely tied to financial stability, hence they are more influential.

This thesis deals with transfers of flats from housing cooperative to their members. The thesis tries to describe the process of tranfers of cooperative owneship especially regarding is specific aspects which feature and follow these transfers. The thesis is devided into seven chapters. First chapter summarizes basic periods of historical development of flat cooperative. This historical excursion, particularly period after 1945, is important also due to using of some of the terms in following chapters and it is also important for its infuence on following property relationships. Sources of law reflecting issue of transfers of flats from housing cooperative is listed in second chapter. It is not a complete list. It mentiones only the most important ones that regard to flat ownership, rights and obligations necessary fort he transfers, relationship between previous and present legulation. Chapter three contents characteristic of individual subjects of this civil relationship. Most of this chapter dedicated to a member - tenant of housing kooperative. Also this chapter compares previous and present regislation. Specification of housing cooperatives is given in the forth chapter. As well as two previous chapters also this one gives comparison between previous and present legislation. It says the...

The purpose of this thesis is to describe the legal regulation of ownership of cooperative flat. The thesis is composed of four chapters, each of them dealing with different aspects of legislation of ownership of cooperative flat. Chapter one is composed of four main subchapters, and contains brief descriptions of basic institutes of each cooperative. The first chapter also contains an explanation what the cooperative is, who are the members of cooperative, what is an organization and regulations of cooperative, and how the cooperative expires. Second chapter is aimed on the flat cooperative. Its first part contains short historical overview of legal regulation of flat cooperative since their creation, till the second half of the twentieth century. Second subchapter explains the concept of the flat cooperative. Inside the following two subchapters of this chapter are described kinds of a typical flat cooperatives, and detailed described the concept of cooperative flat. Third chapter of the thesis analyzes the transfers of the flats cooperatives to the ownership of their members. In the first subchapter is an explanation of the legal regulation, which offers the change between the owner of the flat from the cooperative to its member-man. In this part are also described the theoretical conceptions of...

Thesis (M.C.S.)--Regent College, 2000. / Abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 78-81).

Thesis (M.C.S.)--Regent College, 2000. / Abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 78-81).