The diploma thesis "New Regionalism and Sub-Saharan Africa" deals with the question of economic integration in Africa and its theoretical reflexion. First chapter deals with the question whether different integration theories are applicable to African reality or not. Author subsequently analyzes Pan-Africanism as a specifically African ideology, classical economic integration theories, classical theories of political science on integration and modern theories of political science, with the conclusion that neither of these theories provides explanation of speeding up African integration in recent years. Chapter two deals with the phenomenon of so-called "new regionalism" as a process in world economy, second part deals with different theoretical conceptions and theories trying to describe and theorize about this process. Chapter three briefly describes evolution of African integration from its colonial starts to the newest initiatives connected with the transformation of Organization of African Unity into African Union. Chapter four offers five case studies of integration in different regional organizations. Each case study outlines starting position in 1991 in the sense of creation of organization, its aims and evolution of integration up to signing of the Abuja Treaty creating African Economic...

En choisissant de nous intéresser à l'insertion par l'activité économique et à l'aide à domicile, nous avons cherché à comprendre comment ces deux secteurs se situent face à la force de l'isomorphisme marchand, au nom de valeurs accordant la primauté à des populations vulnérables. Notre travail nous a conduits à nous intéresser aux dynamiques territoriales de développement, et in fine à vérifier les compromis pouvant être construits sur le registre des valeurs partagées entre secteurs et territoires. Notre comparaison interterritoriale, entre la Communauté autonome basque et le Pays basque français s'est donc exercée à deux niveaux. D'une part, celui de deux secteurs de l'économie sociale considérés comme des ordres institutionnels spécifiques. D'autre part, celui des dynamiques territoriales de développement et des principes axiologiques qui les sous-tendent. Notre approche empirique permet de conceptualiser des systèmes territoriaux d'innovation sociale qui produisent une forme de transformation sociale, en marquant leur préférence pour des populations vulnérables en tant qu'objets et sujets de dynamiques territoriales. / How do two welfare sector (socia integration through economic activity, and home care) continue to promote the priorization of vulnerable people in the face of the phenomenon of market froces-driven isomorphism ? This disserttation focuses on the dynamics of territorial development, and assesses the compromises which have been constructed between different sectors and localisations on the basis of shared values. We compared two different locations, the Basque autonomous community (Spain) and the French basque country, conducting our analysis on two distinct levels. Firstly, we compared two sectors of the social economy which constitute specific institutional orders. Secondly, we looked at the territorial dynamics of development and the values systems underpinning them. Our empirical approach enables us to put forward the concept of Territorial systems of social innovation. These systems generate social transformation by priorizing vulnerable populations, both in their role as the recipients of services and as active participants in the shaping of the territorial dynamics.