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111	La protection des droits de l'accusé devant la cour pénale internationale. / The protection of the rights of the accused in front of the International criminal court Nga Essomba, Tergalise 21 March 2011 (has links) La protection des droits de l’accusé est tributaire du respect du procès équitable dans presque tout débat judiciaire. Ce faisant, la création de la CPI suscite une attention particulière en vertu non seulement de son caractère permanent et universel, mais aussi de l’ampleur des crimes internationaux qu’elle connait. Sous l’effet de cette configuration, la recherche laisse découvrir une protection à l’efficacité relative et utopique malgré l’exigence de compatibilité du droit applicable aux droits de l’homme internationalement reconnus. Toutefois, le respect apparent de ces droits, l’application du principe du contradictoire et l’exigence de la présence de l’accusé dans son procès ne garantissent pas l’effectivité de l’égalité des armes, l’exercice des droits de la défense et le respect de la présomption d’innocence. Au contraire, la prééminence du déséquilibre processuel, de la durée excessive des procès et du maintien en détention de l’accusé conduit à faire objection sur l’existence possible de la protection efficace des droits de l’accusé. La dite protection cède plutôt devant la lutte contre l’impunité, la délicatesse des victimes et témoins et la souveraineté des Etats. A l’issue de cette étude, il est nécessaire de procéder à un rééquilibrage des droits entre les parties et à une reconceptualisation de la compétence de la Cour. / Protecting the rights of the accused depends in any legal debate on respect for a fair trial. In doing so, the creation of the ICC merits special attention by virtue not only of its being permanent and universal, but also the extent of international crimes with which it deals. As a result of this broad scope, research suggests any protective coverage is relative in its effectiveness and utopian, despite the requirement of compatibility of the law applicable to internationally recognized human rights. The apparent respect for these rights, the principle of due process and the requirement of the presence of the accused at his or her trial do not guarantee an effective equality of arms, the exercise of one’s rights or respect for the presumption of innocence. Instead, the procedural rule of imbalance, the excessive length of trials and the continued detention of the accused have led to objections about effectively protecting the rights of the accused. So-called protection gives way instead to the fight against impunity, the reticence of victims and witnesses and the sovereignty of States. Following this study, it is necessary to rebalance the rights of the parties and rethink the jurisdiction of the Court. Procès équitable Présomption d’innocence Droits de la défense Débats contradictoires Détention provisoire Égalité des armes Preuve Cpi Protection Coopération Efficacité Effectivité Fair trial Presumption of innocence Rights to a defense Adversarial trial Custody Equality of arms Evidence Icc Protection Cooperation Efficiency Effectiveness
112	Redressing female victims of sexual violence: possibilities for gender-specific reparations at the International Criminal Court Pia, Christina Kalus January 2011 (has links) <p>This paper is about the reparations regime of the International Criminal Court and reparations possibilities for victims of sexual violence. It will contain a legal analysis of the reparations system of&nbsp / the Court, including the Trust Fund for Victims of the International Criminal Court. In a second step, the needs of women who experienced conflict related violence will be examined. The central&nbsp / &nbsp / question, which this paper will try to answer, is whether the ICC reparations regime has the ability to provide gender-sensitive reparations and thus make a contribution to the improvement of&nbsp / women&rsquo / s lives in post-conflict societies.</p>
113	Redressing female victims of sexual violence: possibilities for gender-specific reparations at the International Criminal Court Pia, Christina Kalus January 2011 (has links) <p>This paper is about the reparations regime of the International Criminal Court and reparations possibilities for victims of sexual violence. It will contain a legal analysis of the reparations system of&nbsp / the Court, including the Trust Fund for Victims of the International Criminal Court. In a second step, the needs of women who experienced conflict related violence will be examined. The central&nbsp / &nbsp / question, which this paper will try to answer, is whether the ICC reparations regime has the ability to provide gender-sensitive reparations and thus make a contribution to the improvement of&nbsp / women&rsquo / s lives in post-conflict societies.</p>
114	L'exigence de coopération dans les contrats internationaux de franchise Ben Salem, Afif 05 1900 (has links) Le devoir de coopération s'affirme comme un nouveau concept destiné à faciliter le bon usage des accords contractuels. En élargissant les principes de bonne foi ou d'intérêt commun, il jouxte la notion d'affectio societatis du droit des sociétés. Ce concept s'est particulièrement développé pour appuyer la mondialisation des échanges économiques aussi bien comme guide des parties contractantes dans la bonne administration de leurs relations que comme mode d'interprétation ou de règlement des différends. Le devoir de coopération est un souffle nouveau destiné à rendre implicite une attitude coopérative et non plus antagoniste des parties. Le domaine de.la franchise internationale est une , bonne illustration de ce nouveau concept: les parties au contrat de franchise internationale doivent s'adapter au marché local par exemple, ce qui nécessite à l'évidence une attitude entrepreneuriale coopérative. Le devoir de coopération peut être conçu comme une notion clef de la bonne exécution contractuelle. Il est en tout cas déjà consacré comme tel en droit contractuel international où il agit comme source de droit supplétive lorsque la lettre du contrat s'avère insuffisante. / The duty to cooperate is emerging as a new legal concept intended to facilitate the performance of contractual agreements. By broadening the principles of good faith or common interest, the notion of cooperation could be seen as analogical to the notion of affectio societatis in the right of societies? This notion has developed in particular to support the globalization of economic exchanges, not only as a guide for contracting parties in the proper administration of their relationship, but also as a mode of interpretation or for dispute resolution. The duty to cooperate is an innovative notion designed to create an implicit cooperative, no longer antagonistic , attitude among the parties. This is could be best demonstrated by examining its development in the field of international franchising : for example, the parties to an international franchising agreement must adjust their business plan to the local market and culture, which obviously necessitates a cooperative entrepreneurial attitude. The dut y to cooperate should be understood as a key element in the proper performance of contractual agreements. It has already been acknowledged as such normative compone nt in international contractual law where it serves as a suppletive law in those cases where the letter of the contract is insufficient. / Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal Devoir de coopération Duty to cooperate Coopération contractuelle Contractual cooperation Franchise internationale International franchising Principes UNIDROIT UNIDROIT principles Contrat modèle CCi ICC standard agreement Alternative dispute resolution Arbitrage Arbitration
115	PERCEPTIONS AND ATTITUDES OF A GROUP OF GRADE 4 STUDENTS FROM AN ANGLOPHONE COMMUNITY WHILE COMMUNICATING WITH THEIR PEERS FROM A FRANCOPHONE COMMUNITY de Lira e Silva, Taciana 24 April 2014 (has links) This qualitative study was guided by the framework of Intercultural Communicative Competence (ICC). In Canada, although researchers recognize that learning French through a cultural context will promote understanding and acceptance of cultural diversity, as well as the learning of the target language, there is little evidence to support the ways in which this methodology may influence the learning of elementary Core French students. The purpose of this study was to investigate the ways in which a group of Grade 4 students, from an English community, perceived their peers from a French community, and to describe any changes in their attitudes toward learning French as a Second Language in response to the opportunity to learn through a cultural context. This action research study used a questionnaire, an observation checklist of task-related behaviour, and semi-structured group photo-interviews to explore 15 Grade 4 students’ perceptions and attitudes in response to a new research-based teaching approach. As the cultural exchange unfolded, I sought evidence of the three savoirs (that according to the ICC model, primary students have the ability to develop), in order to promote interculturality: savoir être (related to students’ attitudes towards the other students), savoirs (related to knowledge of the other culture), and savoir apprendre/faire (related to behaviour toward the other culture). Results indicated that students showed evidence of two savoirs: savoir être and savoirs. Savoir apprendre/faire, however, was not shown. In addition to the two savoirs, the exchange promoted the learning of French in the classroom, and supported the development of students’ confidence in communicating in French. The findings of this study contribute to the teaching of Elementary Core French in Ontario, by providing valuable insights into the possible ways that learning French through an intercultural experience holds potential in developing students’ communication abilities as well as awareness and acceptance of otherness, which is the bedrock upon one can develop effective communicators in the target language. / Thesis (Master, Education) -- Queen's University, 2014-04-23 18:35:56.721 Attitude toward learning French Culture in language education Culture exchange language learning Core French The Savoirs acceptance of otherness French as a Second Language cultural diversity Second Language learning ICC model Elementary students Grade 4 French FSL Curriculum Intercultural education Perception of French community
116	Regelungsentwurf für ein Abspracheverfahren am Internationalen Strafgerichtshof / Haumer, Stefanie. January 2009 (has links) Zugl.: Köln, Universiẗat, Diss., 2009.
117	Selective legal aspects of bank demand guarantees Kelly-Louw, Michelle 31 October 2008 (has links) Bank demand guarantees have become an established part of international trade. Demand guarantees, standby letters of credit and commercial letters of credit are all treated as autonomous contracts whose operation will not be interfered with by courts on grounds immaterial to the guarantee or credit itself. The idea in the documentary credit transaction/demand guarantee transaction is that if the documents (where applicable) presented are in line with the terms of the credit/guarantee the bank has to pay, and if the documents do not correspond to the requirements, the bank must not pay. However, over the years a limited number of exceptions to the autonomy principle of demand guarantees and letters of credit have come to be acknowledged and accepted in practice. In certain circumstances, the autonomy of demand guarantees and letters of credit may be ignored by the bank and regard may be had to the terms and conditions of the underlying contract. The main exceptions concern fraud and illegality in the underlying contract. In this thesis a great deal of consideration has been given to fraud and illegality as possible grounds on which payment under demand guarantees and letters of credit have been attacked (and sometimes even prevented) in the English, American and South African courts. It will be shown that the prospect of success depends on the law applicable to the demand guarantee and letter of credit, and the approach a court in a specific jurisdiction takes. At present, South Africa has limited literature on demand guarantees, and the case law regarding the grounds upon which payment under a demand guarantee might be prevented is scarce and often non-existent. In South Africa one finds guidance by looking at similar South African case law dealing with commercial and standby letters of credit and applying these similar principles to demand guarantees. The courts, furthermore, find guidance by looking at how other jurisdictions, in particular the English courts, deal with these issues. Therefore, how the South African courts currently deal/should be dealing/probably will be dealing with the unfair and fraudulent calling of demand guarantees/letters of credit is discussed in this thesis. / Jurisprudence / LL.D Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) UCP 600 UCP 500 Standby letter of credit Preliminary injunction Performance guarantee Performance bond Mareva injunction Letter of credit Irrevocable letter of credit International Standby Practices (ISP98) International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) Interlocutory injunction Interdict Interim interdict Injunction Independent guarantee Independence principle Illegality in the underlying contract Illegality Freezing injunction Fraud Documentary credit Doctrine of strict compliance Demand guarantee Bank guarantee Autonomy principle Anti-dissipation interdict Against good morals or public policy 346.74 Suretyship and guaranty Letters of credit Fraud
118	Autonomia da vontade, consensualismo e arbitragem: A extensão da cláusula compromissória a partes não-signatárias fundamentada na teoria dos grupos de sociedades. A prática da Corte Internacional de Arbitragem da Câmara de Comércio Internacional (CCI) e sua compatibilidade com o ordenamento jurídico brasileiro / Consensualism and arbitration - the extension of the arbitration clause to a non-signatory on the basis of the group of companies doctrine Leonardo José de Campos Melo 26 August 2010 (has links) A prática da arbitragem comercial internacional tem se deparado, há pelos menos quatro décadas, com a problemática da extensão da cláusula compromissória a uma parte não-signatária, integrante do mesmo grupo de sociedades a que pertence uma das partes integrantes da convenção, em razão do comportamento adotado pela parte não-signatária nas fases de negociação do contrato, execução ou extinção. Nesse sentido, a prática da Corte Internacional de Arbitragem da Câmara de Comércio Internacional dos últimos trinta anos e reiteradas decisões judiciais em países de diferentes tradições jurídicas como a França, Suíça e Estados Unidos têm se manifestado favoravelmente a essa extensão subjetiva da convenção de arbitragem. O estudo da doutrina nacional e da jurisprudência do Superior Tribunal de Justiça sobre os grupos de sociedades e seus efeitos, e a análise detida de diversos precedentes do Superior Tribunal de Justiça e do Supremo Tribunal Federal sobre a homologação de sentenças arbitrais estrangeiras, revelam a compatibilidade da referida prática arbitral internacional com o ordenamento jurídico brasileiro. / The possibility of extending an arbitration clause so that it binds a non-signatory company which is a member of the same corporate group as one of the signatories, on the basis of the conduct of said non-signatory during the negotiation, performance and termination of the contract, has been an issue in international commercial arbitration for the past three decades. The precedents of the International Arbitration Court of the International Chamber of Commerce during the past thirty years, and judicial decisions in countries such as France, Switzerland and the United States have been favorable to the extension of the arbitral convention to non-signatories. Analysis of the work of Brazilian legal commentators and the case law of the Superior Court of Justice relating to the group of companies doctrine [teoria dos grupos de sociedades], as well as analysis of several precedents of both the Superior Court of Justice and the Federal Supreme Court on the recognition of foreign arbitral awards, indicates that the international arbitration practice of the ICC on the extension of the arbitral agreement to non-signatories is compatible with the Brazilian legal system. Vontade (Direito) Autonomia Arbitragem comercial internacional Group of companies doctrine Extension Arbitration agreement Compatibility with Brazilian law DIREITO CIVIL
119	Autonomia da vontade, consensualismo e arbitragem: A extensão da cláusula compromissória a partes não-signatárias fundamentada na teoria dos grupos de sociedades. A prática da Corte Internacional de Arbitragem da Câmara de Comércio Internacional (CCI) e sua compatibilidade com o ordenamento jurídico brasileiro / Consensualism and arbitration - the extension of the arbitration clause to a non-signatory on the basis of the group of companies doctrine Leonardo José de Campos Melo 26 August 2010 (has links) A prática da arbitragem comercial internacional tem se deparado, há pelos menos quatro décadas, com a problemática da extensão da cláusula compromissória a uma parte não-signatária, integrante do mesmo grupo de sociedades a que pertence uma das partes integrantes da convenção, em razão do comportamento adotado pela parte não-signatária nas fases de negociação do contrato, execução ou extinção. Nesse sentido, a prática da Corte Internacional de Arbitragem da Câmara de Comércio Internacional dos últimos trinta anos e reiteradas decisões judiciais em países de diferentes tradições jurídicas como a França, Suíça e Estados Unidos têm se manifestado favoravelmente a essa extensão subjetiva da convenção de arbitragem. O estudo da doutrina nacional e da jurisprudência do Superior Tribunal de Justiça sobre os grupos de sociedades e seus efeitos, e a análise detida de diversos precedentes do Superior Tribunal de Justiça e do Supremo Tribunal Federal sobre a homologação de sentenças arbitrais estrangeiras, revelam a compatibilidade da referida prática arbitral internacional com o ordenamento jurídico brasileiro. / The possibility of extending an arbitration clause so that it binds a non-signatory company which is a member of the same corporate group as one of the signatories, on the basis of the conduct of said non-signatory during the negotiation, performance and termination of the contract, has been an issue in international commercial arbitration for the past three decades. The precedents of the International Arbitration Court of the International Chamber of Commerce during the past thirty years, and judicial decisions in countries such as France, Switzerland and the United States have been favorable to the extension of the arbitral convention to non-signatories. Analysis of the work of Brazilian legal commentators and the case law of the Superior Court of Justice relating to the group of companies doctrine [teoria dos grupos de sociedades], as well as analysis of several precedents of both the Superior Court of Justice and the Federal Supreme Court on the recognition of foreign arbitral awards, indicates that the international arbitration practice of the ICC on the extension of the arbitral agreement to non-signatories is compatible with the Brazilian legal system. Vontade (Direito) Autonomia Arbitragem comercial internacional Group of companies doctrine Extension Arbitration agreement Compatibility with Brazilian law DIREITO CIVIL
120	Redressing female victims of sexual violence: possibilities for gender-specific reparations at the International Criminal Court Pia, Christina Kalus January 2011 (has links) Magister Legum - LLM / This paper is about the reparations regime of the International Criminal Court and reparations possibilities for victims of sexual violence. It will contain a legal analysis of the reparations system of the Court, including the Trust Fund for Victims of the International Criminal Court. In a second step, the needs of women who experienced conflict related violence will be examined. The central question, which this paper will try to answer, is whether the ICC reparations regime has the ability to provide gender-sensitive reparations and thus make a contribution to the improvement of women’s lives in post-conflict societies. / South Africa Reparations International Criminal Court (ICC) Restorative Justice Human rights violations Sexual violence Rape Unwanted pregnancy HIV/Aids

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