Pedro Orgambide (1929/2003), escritor argentino, foi exilado e viveu nove anos no México. Durante seu período de exílio, entre outras obras, escreveu El arrabal del mundo, primeiro volume de uma trilogia intitulada de la memoria, que foi publicado em 1983. A presente dissertação pretende analisar as representações identitárias nesse romance que trata do processo de independência argentino. Nele, o autor ficcionalizou suas experiências, propondo uma versão da história e da memória coletiva argentinas por meio de uma narrativa projetada num espaço e num tempo reconhecíveis pelos leitores. Dividido em três capítulos, o trabalho percorre a obra no que concerne à sua caracterização e aos seus elementos constitutivos, buscando as possíveis relações de Orgambide com a historiografia acerca do período histórico romanceado e traçando, também, um paralelo com a experiência e o presente da escrita do autor. / Pedro Orgambide (1929/2003), Argentine writer, was exiled to Mexico, where he lived for nine years. During his exile, among other works, he wrote El arrabal del mundo, which was the first volume of a trilogy entitled \"de la memoria\", published in 1983. This dissertation aims to analyze the identity representations within this novel regarding Argentinas independence process, whereas the author fictionalized his experiences, proposing his own version of Argentinas history and collective memory, through a narrative in a perceptible space and time. Divided in three chapters, this text addresses the questions about the novel, its caracterization and elements in relationship with Orgambide and the historiography, also addressing the parallel of the experience of being exiled and the authors writing process.

Esta é uma investigação sobre a leitura da colonização portuguesa da América no processo de independência do Brasil. A análise fundamentou-se em documentação periódica publicada no Brasil entre 1821 e 1822 e suas referências à colonização portuguesa da América, um passado diversificado, e que se unifica pelo discurso por meio de adjetivos como colonial ou expressões semelhantes. Em termos teóricos, a investigação partiu da perspectiva analítica de Reinhart. Koselleck a respeito do tempo histórico que se concebe na diferença entre experiência e expectativa e, de modo mais específico, se insere em um debate amplo acerca da formação do Estado e da nação brasileira. Procurou-se compreender como a leitura do passado foi utilizada como ferramenta política, e como a mobilização do passado engendrou, por sua vez, a construção da ideia de uma história especificamente brasileira, justificando projetos políticos que viabilizaram a independência do Brasil. De maneira mais ampla, objetivou-se enfrentar o problema das mediações entre formação do Estado e surgimento da nação para além da precedência de uma dimensão sobre a outra. / This is an investigation into the readings of the Portuguese colonization of America in the Brazilian independence process. The analysis was founded on periodical documentation published in Brazil between the years of 1821 and 1822 and references made by same to the Portuguese colonization of America, a diversified past, which is unified through discourse by means of adjectives such as colonial or similar expressions. In theoretical terms, the investigation was triggered by Reinhart Kosellecks view of the historical time, which was originated by the difference between experience and expectation and more specifically inserted in an ample debate, related to the formation of State and the Brazilian nation. It was important to understand how the readings of the past were used as political tools and how such readings in turn engendered the development of the idea of a specifically Brazilian history, thus justifying political projects that made the independence feasible. In broader terms, the 7 objective was to face the mediation problems between the formation of State and the appearance of the nation, over and above the precedence of one dimension over the other.

Apresenta-se e analisa-se resultados de estudo acadêmico sobre o engajamento partidário, a busca de autonomia e processos de individuação de jovens universitários. A pesquisa é de abordagem qualitativa; dialogou-se com seis estudantes, homens e mulheres, entre 21 e 26 anos, da USP-Ribeirão Preto, e distintas agremiações. Mesmo em circunstâncias históricas e sócio-políticas adversas, jovens se engajam e militam em partidos políticos. Para alguns, o engajamento tem relações diretas, ambíguas, tensas ou lúdicas com processos socializadores primários. Outros destacaram a centralidade de correntes de sociabilidade da escola básica ou da universidade. Para alguns, o engajamento militante é incorporado ao projeto de futuro; para outros, uma significativa experimentação. Para todos, ele é conquista de autonomia, um esforço de construção de visões de mundo próprias e de como agir nesse mundo, em meio a um jogo em que nem todos os valores, ideias e crenças internalizados no palimpsesto de socializações foram/são efetivamente incorporados. / It presents and analyzes academic study results on the party engagement, the search for autonomy and individuation processes of young collegians. The research is a qualitative approach; Dialogues were held with six students, men and women, from 21 to 26 years old, from USP-Ribeirão Preto, and different associations. Even in historical and sociopolitical adverse circumstances, young people engage and militate in political parties. For some of them, the engagement has direct, ambiguous, tense relationships or play with primary socialization processes. Others highlighted the centrality of \"sociability chains\" at school or university. For some, militant engagement is incorporated into future project; for others, a significant experimentation. For all, it is the conquest of autonomy, an effort to build worldviews and how to act in their own world, in a game in which not all values, internalized ideas and beliefs in \"palimpsest of socialization\" were / are effectively incorporated.

Submitted by Cássia Santos (cassia.bcufg@gmail.com) on 2014-09-15T11:43:03Z No. of bitstreams: 2 DissertaaoVitor G Miziara.pdf: 1069814 bytes, checksum: 3e761a42d76270f46c7705851459217a (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2014-09-15T13:41:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 DissertaaoVitor G Miziara.pdf: 1069814 bytes, checksum: 3e761a42d76270f46c7705851459217a (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-09-15T13:41:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 DissertaaoVitor G Miziara.pdf: 1069814 bytes, checksum: 3e761a42d76270f46c7705851459217a (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-01 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This study aims to analyze the Mexican celebrations, particularly the Bicentenary of Independence and Centenary of Mexican Revolution’s celebrations, occurred in the year of 2010, specially those related to the government’s oficial’s visions for civic and patriotic events, that have composed the mexican’s ephemeris, searching for the understanding and to analyze the data collected in the first moment – the period that preceded the celebrations – and those collected during and after the realization of those, in order to contextualize the oficial’s visions, and confront them with another perspectives. In order to, we performed a comparison with the celebrations of the First Centenary of Independence, in 1910, from a theoretical analysis about concepts like Identity, Celebration, Memory and Uses of the Past. / O presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar as celebrações mexicanas, em especial as do Bicentenário de Independência e do Centenário da Revolução Mexicana, ocorridas no ano de 2010, sobretudo com relação às visões oficiais do governo federal para com os eventos cívicos e pátrios, que compuseram as efemérides mexicanas, buscando compreender e analisar os dados levantados no primeiro momento da pesquisa – o período que antecedeu as festas – e aqueles levantados durante e após a realização destas, de forma a contextualizar as visões oficiais, e confrontá-las com outras perspectivas. Para tanto, realizamos uma comparação com as festas do Primeiro Centenário da Independência, em 1910, a partir de uma análise teórica sobre conceitos como Identidade, Comemoração, Memória e Uso do Passado.

Quantum computers promise to offer a considerable speed-up in solving certain problems, compared to the best classical algorithms. In many instances, the gap between quantum and classical running times is conjectured to be exponential. While this is great news for those applications where quantum computers would provide such an advantage, it also raises a significant challenge: how can classical computers verify the correctness of quantum computations? In attempting to answer this question, a number of protocols have been developed in which a classical client (referred to as verifier) can interact with one or more quantum servers (referred to as provers) in order to certify the correctness of a quantum computation performed by the server(s). These protocols are of one of two types: either there are multiple non-communicating provers, sharing entanglement, and the verifier is completely classical; or, there is a single prover and the classical verifier has a device for preparing or measuring quantum states. The latter type of protocols are, arguably, more relevant to near term quantum computers, since having multiple quantum computers that share a large amount of entanglement is, from a technological standpoint, extremely challenging. Before the realisation of practical single-prover protocols, a number of challenges need to be addressed: how robust are these protocols to noise on the verifier's device? Can the protocols be made fault-tolerant without significantly increasing the requirements of the verifier? How do we know that the verifier's device is operating correctly? Could this device be eliminated completely, thus having a protocol with a fully classical verifier and a single quantum prover? Our work attempts to provide answers to these questions. First, we consider a single-prover verification protocol developed by Fitzsimons and Kashefi and show that this protocol is indeed robust with respect to deviations on the quantum state prepared by the verifier. We show that this is true even if those deviations are the result of a correlation with the prover's system. We then use this result to give a verification protocol which is device- independent. The protocol consists of a verifier with a measurement device and a single prover. Device-independence means that the verifier need not trust the measurement device (nor the prover) which can be assumed to be fully malicious (though not communicating with the prover). A key element in realising this protocol is a robust technique of Reichardt, Unger and Vazirani for testing, using non-local correlations, that two untrusted devices share a large number of entangled states. This technique is referred to as rigidity of non-local correlations. Our second result is to prove a rigidity result for a type of quantum correlations known as steering correlations. To do this, we first show that steering correlations can be used in order to certify maximally entangled states, in a setting in which each test is independent of the previous one. We also show that the fidelity with which we characterise the state, in this specific test, is optimal. We then improve the previous result by removing the independence assumption. This then leads to our desired rigidity result. We make use of it, in a similar fashion to the device-independent case, in order to give a verification protocol that is one-sided device-independent. The importance of this application is to show how different trust assumptions affect the efficiency of the protocol. Next, we describe a protocol for fault-tolerantly verifying quantum computations, with minimal "quantum requirements" for the verifier. Specifically, the verifier only requires a device for measuring single-qubit states. Both this device, and the prover's operations are assumed to be prone to errors. We show that under standard assumptions about the error model, it is possible to achieve verification of quantum computation using fault-tolerant principles. As a proof of principle, and to better illustrate the inner workings of the protocol, we describe a toy implementation of the protocol in a quantum simulator, and present the results we obtained, when running it for a small computation. Finally, we explore the possibility of having a verification protocol, with a classical verifier and a single prover, such that the prover is blind with respect to the verifier's computation. We give evidence that this is not possible. In fact, our result is only concerned with blind quantum computation with a classical client, and uses complexity theoretic results to argue why it is improbable for such a protocol to exist. We then use these complexity theoretic techniques to show that a client, with the ability to prepare and send quantum states to a quantum server, would not be able to delegate arbitrary NP problems to that server. In other words, even a client with quantum capabilities cannot exploit those capabilities to delegate the computation of NP problems, while keeping the input, to that computation, private. This is again true, provided certain complexity theoretic conjectures are true.

This research studies the moderating effect of ownership concentration and the strength of investor protection on the relationship between the level of board independence, as measured by the number of non-executive directors in relation to total number of directors and the firm performance. Using a sample of 9018 observations on all non-financial publicly listed firmsin 27 OECD countries between the year 2012 and 2015. The findings show a positive correlation between board independence and firm performancein all regression models. Furthermore, I find the negative moderating effect on both shareholder concentration and investor protection on the main relationship.

O presente estudo analisa a apropriação da história do constitucionalismo atlântico às vésperas da Independência do reino do Brasil. Para isso, a pesquisa examina fontes de duas naturezas: os discursos dos deputados portugueses reunidos nas Cortes Gerais Extraordinárias e Constituintes da Nação Portuguesa, realizadas em Lisboa, durante os anos de 1821 e 1822, e os periódicos fluminenses, publicados no mesmo período. Nesta pesquisa, procura-se explorar a convicção que parecia generalizada entre esses liberais portugueses de que a experiência constitucional portuguesa, por ser a última de uma série de tentativas de reorganizar os Impérios e solucionar a crise do Antigo Sistema Colonial, era capaz de usufruir do exame das experiências constituintes pretéritas e estabeleceria a monarquia constitucional mais liberal do Atlântico, conservando a unidade dos domínios do Império. Nesse sentido, apesar das diversas maneiras de diagnosticar os erros e acertos dos representantes britânicos, franceses e espanhóis, a pluralidade dos deputados e redatores fluminenses concordava a respeito da definição de três pilares fundamentais da monarquia constitucional em que deviam concentrar seus esforços: a regulamentação da Liberdade de Imprensa, a existência do processo eleitoral e a defesa da soberania da nação. Com esta análise, pretende-se contribuir para a compreensão da construção da monarquia constitucional portuguesa nos anos de 1821 e 1822 e do processo de independência do reino do Brasil. Para isso, esta pesquisa explora a apropriação da história dos constitucionalismos atlânticos em torno daqueles três pilares do governo constitucional português e mostra a crescente radicalização dos posicionamentos políticos desses liberais até a independência política do reino do Brasil e, então, o fracasso da convicção inicial dos liberais portugueses. / This study analyses the historic review of the Atlantic constitutionalism right before the Brazils kingdom independence. In pursuit of this, the research looks into two types of documents: the speeches that occurred during the meeting of the Extraordinary General and Constitutional Courts of the Portuguese Nation, performed in Lisbon between 1821 and 1822 and the periodical from Rio de Janeiro which were published at the same period. It intends to explore the conviction, which seems to be generalized between these representatives, that the Portuguese constitutional experience, for being the last of a series of actions which aimed to reorganize the empires and to solve the crisis of the Old Colonial System, would be capable to use ancient constitutional experiences and establish the most liberal constitutional monarchy of the Atlantic, conserving its unit in both sides of the ocean. In this sense, besides the many different ways of diagnosing the mistakes and right actions of those who have represented Britain, Spain and France, the plurality of the representatives and journalists from Rio de Janeiro agreed about the definition of the three fundamental bases in which they should concentrate their efforts: the regulation of press freedom, the existence of an electoral process and the conception of nations sovereignty. With this analysis, this study intends to contribute to the comprehension of the Portuguese constitutional monarchys construction between 1821 and 1822 and to the process of Brazilian Kingdom independence. For this, it explores the historical appropriation of the Atlantic constitutionalisms around those three bases and the increasing radicalization of the political positioning of these liberal men until the political independence of Brazils Kingdom and, the flop of their initial conviction which aimed to keep both empires as one

Submitted by Maicon Juliano Schmidt (maicons) on 2015-04-24T18:53:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Inajara Vargas Ramos.pdf: 5366887 bytes, checksum: cfc38e4b2997e2644414750976b37d6e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-24T18:53:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Inajara Vargas Ramos.pdf: 5366887 bytes, checksum: cfc38e4b2997e2644414750976b37d6e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12-02 / Nenhuma / Esta tese, ao dar voz a estudantes estagiários dos cursos de Direito e Enfermagem de uma universidade comunitária do Rio Grande do Sul, procurou desvelar o significado que os estágios curriculares, obrigatórios e não obrigatórios, assumem na formação acadêmica e profissional desses estudantes e nas estruturas curriculares dos seus cursos de graduação. Para tanto, foram ouvidos duzentos e setenta e dois estudantes e as coordenações de ambos os cursos, por meio de entrevistas estruturadas e semiestruturadas em profundidade, seguindo a abordagem quali/quanti. A etapa qualitativa de inspiração etnográfica valeu-se da análise de conteúdo para o tratamento dos dados, e a etapa quantitativa, caracterizada como pesquisa conclusiva descritiva, do tipo levantamento de campo, foi analisada estatisticamente; como procedimento de pesquisa, utilizou-se, também, a análise documental. A discussão das dimensões experiência, profissionalização, relação teoria/prática, formação, campo e habitus, referenciadas em expoentes como Larrosa, Dewey, Dubar, Vázquez, Charlot e Bourdieu, dentre outros, contribuiu sobremaneira para unir os fios que foram sendo propositalmente "esquecidos" pelas análises, tecendo as redes que levaram a pesquisa à sua culminância. Assim, justificando a tese, o estudo aponta que os currículos dos cursos de graduação têm muito a ganhar explorando as consequências e os resultados dos estágios curriculares, principalmente se as coordenações perceberem que as experiências vivenciadas pelos estagiários promovem a autonomia e o protagonismo discente. A universidade procura permanentemente consolidar a interdisciplinaridade, a indissociabilidade ensino-pesquisa-extensão e o desenvolvimento da autonomia intelectual do estudante e não reconhece, nos estágios curriculares, qualquer que seja a modalidade, oportunidades reais e incontestáveis para atingir os objetivos que ratificam a razão do seu fazer. / This thesis by giving voice to student trainees from law and nursing courses of a community college in Rio Grande do Sul sought to unveil to meaning that the curricular internships, mandatory or not mandatory, assume in the academic and professional formation of these students and in the curriculum structure of their undergraduate courses. For that, two hundred and seventy two students and the coordination of both courses were heard, through in-depth structured and semi-structured interviews, following a qualitative/quantitative approach. The qualitative stage of ethnographic inspiration used the content analysis for the data treatment and the quantitative stage, characterized as descriptive conclusive research, field survey type, was analyzed statistically; as a research procedure, documental analysis was used too. The discussion of the dimensions experience, professionalization, theory/practice relation, formation, field and habitus, referenced in exponents such as Larrosa, Dewey, Dubar, Vázquez, Charlot and Bourdieu, amongst others, contributed greatly to unite the strings purposely forgotten by the analysis, threading the nets that brought the research to its acme. Thus, justifying the thesis, the study points that the curriculum of the undergraduate courses has much to gain by exploring the consequences and results of the curricular internships, mainly if the coordinations realize that the experiences lived by the trainees promote the student’s autonomy and independence. The university searches permanently to consolidate the interdisciplinary, the teaching-research-extension inseparability and the development of the student’s intellectual independency and doesn’t recognize the curricular internship, in its both modalities, as real and undisputed opportunities to achieve the objectives that justify the reason of its doing.

Orientador: Marisa Saenz Leme / Resumo: Na fase de emancipação do lado brasileiro do Reino Unido de Portuga, Brasil e Algarve e início do Primeiro Reinado, a imprensa se transformou em um importante instrumento de elaboração e veiculação de ideias, projetos e debates públicos. No universo dos impressos da Corte do Rio de Janeiro, um dos grupos políticos que disputou os rumos institucionais da nascente Império do Brasil foi acusado de “tentar mudar a forma de governo”, ou seja, de atentar contra o regime monárquico estabelecido, visando à instauração de uma república. Propomo-nos a analisar o conceito de república veiculado por este grupo de periodistas, – responsável pela editoração dos periódicos Reverbero Constitucional Fluminense, Correio do Rio de Janeiro e O Sylpho – seus projetos para a nascente brasileira, bem como sua possível associação a ideais republicanos. Esta busca se pautará pela investigação dos usos e significados dos conceitos de república/republicanismo nos panfletos que circularam na imprensa da Corte do Rio de Janeiro, bem como da análise de um dos periódicos deste grupo o Reverbero Constitucional Fluminense de forma a apreender as possíveis linguagens políticas desses publicistas da independência. Conduziremos esta investigação por meio da análise do referido periódico e de panfletos impressos na coleção “Guerra literária - Panfletos da Independência (1820-1823)”, visando a reconstrução das comunidades de linguagem onde esses impressos circularam e os possíveis significados cujos esses escrito... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: In the emancipation phase of the Brazilian part of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and Algarve and the beginning of the Emperor Pedro I reign, the press became an important instrument for the elaboration and dissemination of ideas, projects and public debates. In the Rio de Janeiro court one of the political groups that disputed the institutional directions of the nascent Brazilian Empire, and used the press has one of ours instruments of influence the political process , was accused of “trying to change the form of government”, that is, to attack the established monarchical regime, whit the objective of establishment of a republic. We propose to analyze the concept of republic conveyed by this group of journalists, - responsible for the publishing of the periodicals Reverbero Constitucional Fluminense, Correio de Rio de Janeiro and O Sylpho - their projects for the rising Brazilian Empire, as well as their possible association with republican ideals. This research was guided by the investigation of the uses and meanings of the concepts of republic / republicanism in the pamphlets that circulated in the press of the Court of Rio de Janeiro, through the Guerra literária - Panfletos da Independência (1820-1823), as well as the analysis of one of the journals of this group, the Reverbero Constitucional Fluminense. In order to apprehend the possible political languages of these independence publicists, with the goal at the reconstruction of the langue where these printings... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

This thesis examines Black Power in Jamaica, Trinidad, and The Bahamas, comparing and contrasting the ability of the movements to garner the support of the people in these different locales. The primary focus of this work is the Caribbean Black Power movements of the 1960s and 1970s. Detailed responses to the movements are presented as those responses relate to not only race, but also class, and the response of local political leadership to the presence and methods of the movements. Following a brief overview of the history of European colonialism and the drive of the colonized for independence from colonial powers, Black Power is studied in greater detail. In this thesis three issues are addressed that relate to the popularity of Black Power. The first is the impact of racial identity and ethnicity on the acceptance of Black Power. This is done through a comparison of Black Power in Jamaica, an independent country with a predominantly black population, and in Trinidad, an independent nation with a diverse population. The Bahamas provides an excellent comparison, as a colony with a large resident white population. The second issue is the political status of each country, and the effect of political status on the ability of Black Power to gain support and momentum. The status of the location as either an independent state, or a colonial state, may have had an impact on the success, or at least the stated objectives, of the Movement as it evolved in that locale. Lastly, issues of class are addressed through an examination of the impact of the economic status of the individual within the society, and then secondarily the overall economic conditions of the country at a given time.