Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:09:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 7913479 bytes, checksum: 21446ebd3faf52f23d1b4002918b70d2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-04-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This study aims to evaluate the quality of vicinity parks and neighborhood parks by obtaining qualitative indices, enabling diagnostics that can support planning activities. Assuming that the terms of vicinity parks and neighborhood parks belongs to the system of free and green areas within the urban structure and the lack of a qualitative evaluation difficults research and analysis of such spaces, we sought to define the indicators of quality required for the composition of technical evaluation methodology. Particularized to the ecological functions, urbanistic, aesthetic, social and of leisure, the choice of qualitative attributes in theoretical references of various authors that regards the qualitative importance of cited elements was based on the evaluation methodology, as well as in the participation of specialists in the urban themes, which helped in the development and definition by completing a questionnaire where they could evaluate the elements that are considered essential in the composition of the vicinity and neighborhood parks. The object of study are the vicinity parks and neighborhood parks in view of its relative standardization or programmatic similarity. Thus, will be presented as indices of quality, the results obtained by applying this methodology. The landscape unit chosen for application of the methodology were the neighborhoods Torre and Madalena, in Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil, at 2011. The survey sample was first defined by the relationship that each Recife's political-administrative region (PAR) has with the number of parks in total area (m²). Being the PAR 04 the political-administrative region that has the highest concentration of parks in square meters, were selected by raffle, two neighborhoods located in this PAR. The definition of the basic units of study was considered from the function as recreation and social interaction support and the following criteria: location and dimensions, resulting in the selection of a vicinity park at Madalena's neighborhood and a neighborhood park at Torre. Thus, the adoption of this methodology for evaluate the quality of vicinity parks and neighborhood parks, would test the degree of universality and appropriateness of the parameters of the assessments. The results showed that the quality levels obtained by applying the methodology of technical qualitative evaluation were consistent with the perception of quality assigned by the community. It was found that the indicators system of the quality index of vicinity park and quality index of neighborhood park showed to be adequate and consistent for measuring the qualitative aspects, particularized to the ecological functions, urbanistic, aesthetic, social and of leisure, thus giving valid subsidies for urban and environmental planning. / O presente trabalho visa avaliar a qualidade dos parques de vizinhança e parques de bairro através da obtenção de índices qualitativos, viabilizando diagnósticos que possam subsidiar ações de planejamento. Partindo do pressuposto de que as modalidades parques de vizinhança e parques de bairro pertencem ao sistema de áreas livres e verdes dentro da estrutura urbana e que a ausência de um padrão de avaliação qualitativa dificulta a pesquisa e análise de tais espaços, buscou-se definir os indicadores de qualidade necessários para composição da metodologia de avaliação técnica. Particularizado para as funções ecológica, urbanística, estética, social e de lazer, baseou-se a escolha dos atributos qualitativos em referências teóricas de vários autores que consideram a importância qualitativa dos elementos citados na metodologia de avaliação, bem como na participação de especialistas ligados à temática urbana, os quais auxiliaram no desenvolvimento e definição através do preenchimento de um questionário no qual puderam avaliar os elementos que são considerados imprescindíveis na composição dos parques de vizinhança e de bairro. O objeto de estudo são os parques de vizinhança e parques de bairro tendo em vista sua relativa padronização ou semelhança programática. Sendo assim, serão apresentados, na forma de índices de qualidade, os resultados obtidos através da aplicação desta metodologia. A unidade da paisagem escolhida para aplicação da metodologia foram os bairros da Madalena e da Torre, em Recife, no Estado de Pernambuco, Brasil, no ano de 2011. O levantamento amostral foi definido primeiramente pela relação que cada região político-administrativa (RPA) do Recife possui com o quantitativo de praças em área total (m²). Sendo a RPA 04 a região político-administrativa que possui a maior concentração de praças, em metros quadrados, foram selecionados através de sorteio, dois bairros localizados nesta RPA. A definição das unidades básicas de estudo foi considerada a partir da função como suporte de recreação e de convívio social e dos seguintes critérios: localização e dimensão, resultando a seleção de um parque de vizinhança no bairro da Madalena e um parque de bairro, na Torre. Assim, a adoção dessa metodologia para avaliação da qualidade dos parques de vizinhança e parques de bairro permitiu testar o grau de universalização e adequação dos parâmetros das avaliações. Os resultados mostraram que os níveis de qualidade obtidos através da aplicação da metodologia de avaliação técnica qualitativa foram compatíveis com a percepção de qualidade atribuída pela comunidade. Constatou-se que os sistemas de indicadores do índice de qualidade de parque de vizinhança (IQPV) e índice de qualidade de parque de bairro (IQPB) mostraram-se adequados e coerentes para mensurar os aspectos qualitativos, particularizados para as funções ecológica, urbanística, estética, social e de lazer, fornecendo desta maneira, subsídios válidos para o planejamento urbano e ambiental.

Background Previous research has emphasized the importance of objectivity in voice quality evaluation. Acoustic voice quality index (AVQI) is a multiparametric objective index, that quantifies overall voice quality. Over the past decade, international studies have demonstrated strong diagnostic accuracy and sensitivity of AVQI to voice disorders. Ithas yet been inconclusive whether AVQI is independent of factors such as age and gender or if AVQI is affected by different types of continuous speech segments.  Aim  The aim of this study is to gather descriptive data regarding AVQI’s performance in a healthy Swedish-speaking population. Another objective is to investigate the potential impact of varying characteristics, such as age and gender, and type of continuous speech samples on the AVQI values.  Method  The present study gathered speech samples from 137 participants aged 20 to 90 years with a balanced gender distribution. These samples contained two different types of continuous speech, from which separate AVQI valuesin the acoustic analysis were computed. An analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was then used to study the effects of age, gender, and type of continuous speech used on the resulting AVQI values.  Results  Descriptive normative data was gathered for the overall voice quality of the age groups included in this study. A statistically significant main effect of age on the AVQI values was observed. Statistical analysis revealed no significant effect of speech type, speaker gender or the interaction of age and gender on the AVQI values.   Conclusions  In conclusion, the present study offered data for AVQI values in the Swedish-speaking population. AVQI scores were higher in older participants compared to the younger participants. No other significant effects were found in this study. AVQI values obtained in this study and comparisons carried out with international AVQI values indicatepotentially successful use of the acoustic voice quality index in the Swedish-speaking population with some precautions.