<p>In this age, too much information is provided to the users. So that they face information overload problem and spend more time in finding the right information according to their needs. The information available to the right person on the right time can make significant difference in the work tasks and business processes in an organisation.</p><p>This thesis work is on improving information flow within an organisation for a person having a certain role. The concentration of the work is on finding the factors (Qualifiers) which affect the information needs of the user and the actions which should be carried out to fulfil them, as well as suitable IT tools. All these have been presented as Final Result Table. This table shows the information needs, their qualifiers, and suggested actions that can be taken tocarry out a specific need. Besides, we found that there are some General Actions. These kinds of actions are not related to any specific need. Rather, while working to fulfil any of the needs, they can be taken for enhancing the work quality and speed. Further, these actions were classified into two groups: Information System Classification and Organisational Measures.</p>

<p>The main purpose of this essay is to investigate professional artists experience of the need and use of information in their creative work. I have collected the material through qualitative interviews with four professional artist working with different materials and techniques. One of the results of the study is that the artists first of all used information as a source of inspiration in their creative work. They gathered their information from various scources, for example; pictures, exhibitions, visual arts, books and novells, depending on what project they are working with. Other important information scources were colleges, especially for the technical information need. The artists also searched for information in a wide range of subjects and showed interest in areas that are not considerable art-related.</p>

Det är komplext att i ett palliativt skede ge korrekt och individanpassad information till patienter. Därför är det viktigt att sjuksköterskan använder sig av ett etiskt förhållningssätt och identifierar de behov som patienten har. Syftet var att belysa patientens behov av information i den palliativa omvårdnaden. En litteraturstudie genomfördes där femton vetenskapliga artiklar bearbetades och granskades. Fem teman framkom som belyser behovet av information för att få kunskap om sin sjukdom, behov av information för att leva med sjukdomen, behov av information för att klara av sista tiden, behov av anpassad information, behov av att få information från rätt person. Patienterna hade ett behov av information om sin specifika sjukdom och symtom för att klara av sitt dagliga liv, prognosen för att kunna planera sin framtid och livets slutskede. Individanpassad information från personal med specifik kunskap ansågs vara viktigt. Informationen skulle vara ärlig och inte inge falska förhoppningar och ansågs därmed kunna öka livskvaliteten. Ett stort problem enligt patienten var bristen på information och hur den framfördes. Därför är det viktigt att det i sjuksköterskans grundutbildning ingår utbildning och träning i svåra och känsliga samtal. Mer forskning krävs för att kunna sprida kunskapen hur sjuksköterskan bör närma sig patienten och ge individanpassad information på rätt sätt. / It is complex in a palliative stage to provide accurate and personalized information to patients. It is therefore important that nurses maintain an ethical approach to identify the need of the patient. The aim was to illuminate the patient's need of information in palliative care. A literature review was carried out in which fifteen scientific articles processed and examined. Five main themes emerged, highlighting the need for information to gain insight into their illness, need of information to be living with the disease, need of information to cope near death, the need of tailored information, need to get information from the right person. The patients had a need of information about their specific disease and symptoms to cope with their daily life, forecast to plan their future and the end of life. Individualized information from staff with specific knowledge was considered important. The information would be honest without any false hopes and was thus able to increase the life quality. A major problem as the patient was the lack of information and how it was performed. It is therefore important that the education of the nurse includes education and training in difficult and sensitive conversations. More research is needed to spread the knowledge how the nurse should approach the patient and provide personalized information correctly.

Recommendation techniques are developed to discover user¡¦s real information need among large amounts of information. Recommendation systems help users filter out information and attempt to present those similar items according to user¡¦s tastes. In our work, we focus on discussion threads recommendation in the tourism domain. We assume that when users have traveling information need, they will try to search related information on the websites. In addition to browsing others suggestions and opinions, users are allowed to express their need as a question. Hence, we focus on recommending users previous discussion threads that may provide good answers to the users¡¦ questions by considering the question input as well as their browsing records. We propose a model, which consists of four perspectives: goal similarity, content similarity, freshness and quality. To validate and the effectiveness of our model on recommendation performance, we collected 14348 threads from TripAdvisor.com, the largest travel website, and recruited ten volunteers, who have interests in the tourism, to verify our approach. The four perspectives are utilized by two methods. The first is Question-based method, which makes use of content similarity, freshness and quality and the second is Session-based method, which involves goal similarity. We also integrate the two methods into a hybrid method. The experiment results show that the hybrid method generally has better performance than the other two methods.

The main purpose of this essay is to investigate professional artists experience of the need and use of information in their creative work. I have collected the material through qualitative interviews with four professional artist working with different materials and techniques. One of the results of the study is that the artists first of all used information as a source of inspiration in their creative work. They gathered their information from various scources, for example; pictures, exhibitions, visual arts, books and novells, depending on what project they are working with. Other important information scources were colleges, especially for the technical information need. The artists also searched for information in a wide range of subjects and showed interest in areas that are not considerable art-related.

This thesis develops technology adoption and sensory information literatures through an evaluation of antecedents to consumers’ purchase location intention of Musical Instruments (MI). With the unique factor of instrument heterogeneity MI e-retail sales are information asymmetric propositions, where the consumer may make a sub-optimal purchase online having foregone the opportunity to experience the haptic information required to ascertain the instrument’s true quality. Despite a reticent adoption of MI e-retail from the traditional retail industry online MI sales are increasing, resulting in off-line marketplace contraction, thus investigation of consumers’ online MI purchase motivations is of value to the industry. The exploration of this topic uses a pragmatic, two-stage mixed-methods process incorporating inductive in-depth interviews with MI retail industry personnel, followed by deductive MI consumer based quantitative questionnaires. The reluctance to adopt e-retail is based on ‘expertise-led aversion’ and ‘expertise gap’ where key MI retail influencers attempt to enforce their own views on the correct way to purchase an instrument, rather than responding to consumer trends. This aversion was influenced by their own reliance on haptic information, coupled with knowledge of instrument heterogeneity and their level of musicianship. Consumer research conclusions identify that high haptic-need consumers, who tend to have greater ability and involvement, are more likely to purchase in-store whilst those with lower haptic needs are more willing to purchase MI online. Through the design and empirical testing of the Musical Instrument Need-for-Touch (MINFT) model numerous factors were identified as moderators to this basic supposition. The subsequent development of a MI consumer typology identified five distinct groups that respond to differing stimuli in relation to MI purchase location intention. These findings add to the academic discourse and enable MI retailers to enhance their offerings both in-store and online, leading to more effective targeting of their key customers.

Today, information is largely processed, managed and stored in information systems of companies and thanks to these achievements can be further shaped into required outputs for leadership. For the management of any company, information is important in the managing and decision-making processes, especially when it comes to processes and activities associated with the marketing support of our products and services offered. Marketing-driven company applies marketing knowledge, techniques and methods in overall strategic decision-making with the help of marketing information system.

In this age, too much information is provided to the users. So that they face information overload problem and spend more time in finding the right information according to their needs. The information available to the right person on the right time can make significant difference in the work tasks and business processes in an organisation. This thesis work is on improving information flow within an organisation for a person having a certain role. The concentration of the work is on finding the factors (Qualifiers) which affect the information needs of the user and the actions which should be carried out to fulfil them, as well as suitable IT tools. All these have been presented as Final Result Table. This table shows the information needs, their qualifiers, and suggested actions that can be taken tocarry out a specific need. Besides, we found that there are some General Actions. These kinds of actions are not related to any specific need. Rather, while working to fulfil any of the needs, they can be taken for enhancing the work quality and speed. Further, these actions were classified into two groups: Information System Classification and Organisational Measures.

Under de senaste åren har försäljningen av smartphones ökat. Detta har gjort att allt fler företag börja använda sig av mobilapplikationer för att marknadsföra sin verksamhet. Denna rapport vänder sig främst till de företag som bedriver en e-handel och vill anpassa den för smartphonesanvändare. Det problem som företagen ställs inför är hur de ska ge användarna rätt produktinformation och lätt navigering. Denna rapport beskriver hur man med hjälp av olika designprinciper, information need och med ett kontextuellt ramverk för användbarhet i smartphones uppnår hög användbarhet för sin mobilapplikation. Det som menas med information need ser man till objekts mål, risker och problem. Detta har resulterat i en egen användbarhetsmodell för hur man uppnår hög användbarhet i smartphones och vad det resulterar i för företaget.

This study aims to analyse the information seeking behaviour of postgraduate students from Eduardo Mondlane University, Medicine Faculty, in order to extend the knowledge about the students’ interaction with study-related information as well as their perception in relation to the electronic resources available through UEM library, and the challenges they encounter seeking and retrieving information. To carry out the research, a qualitative and quantitative approach was used based on combination with the semi-structured interview and online survey as data collection instruments. The results showed that students start their searches with quite clearly defined information needs and varied seeking purposes, with emphasis on solving tasks of their master's and PhD classes, as well as to write and publish scientific articles. Students are aware of the existence of electronic resources available through the university, with emphases to the medical database HINARI. However, they prefer to use other sources freely available on the internet such as Google scholar andPubMed and they do not have the necessary skills to adopt precise strategies for information seeking. Issues such as unstable Internet connection, language barriers, difficulties in computing and use ofd atabases, and limitations on access to documents that require payments are some of the main challenges faced by the students during informationseeking.