Το αντικείμενο της παρούσας διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι η ανάλυση και η επεξεργασία δεδομένων από αιολικό πάρκο εγκατεστημένης ισχύος 38 MW, η σύγκρισή τους με τις θεωρητικά αναμενόμενες τιμές και η εξαγωγή συμπερασμάτων σχετικά με τη λειτουργία του αιολικού πάρκου. Για να επιτευχθεί ο στόχος της εργασίας αρχικά γίνεται μία γνωριμία με το σύνολο των ανανεώσιμων πηγών ενέργειας και τονίζεται η σημαντικότητά τους και ο σπουδαίος ρόλος που επιτελούν στη σημερινή ενεργειακή κρίση. Ύστερα η εργασία εστιάζει στην αιολική ενέργεια, σαν έναν από τους κύριους εκφραστές των ανανεώσιμων πηγών ενέργειας και παρουσιάζει τους λόγους και τους τρόπους αξιοποίησής της. Ακολουθεί η αναλυτική περιγραφή των χαρακτηριστικών της ανεμογεννήτριας, η οποία είναι το βασικό εργαλείο για τη διαδικασία μετατροπής της αιολικής ενέργειας σε ηλεκτρική. Στη συνέχεια παρουσιάζεται η ανάλυση ενός συστήματος ανεμογεννητριών, γνωστό και ως αιολικό πάρκο, η ύπαρξη του οποίου οφείλεται στην ανάγκη μέγιστης απορρόφησης της αιολικής ενέργειας. Αφού περιγραφούν όλες οι απαραίτητες έννοιες για την κατανόηση της λειτουργίας του αιολικού πάρκου, σειρά έχει η αναλυτική περιγραφή της διαδικασίας μελέτης, κατασκευής και διασύνδεσής του στο δίκτυο, χρησιμοποιώντας ως υπόδειγμα πραγματικές μελέτες και σχέδια από την κατασκευή ενός εγκατεστημένου αιολικού πάρκου. Από το αιολικό πάρκο που χρησιμοποιήθηκε ως υπόδειγμα, συγκεντρώθηκαν διάφορα δεδομένα λειτουργίας, όπως η παραγόμενη ισχύς, η ταχύτητα και η διεύθυνση του ανέμου, κ.ά. Τα δεδομένα αυτά αναλύθηκαν και επεξεργάστηκαν και τα αποτελέσματα παρουσιάζονται στη συνέχεια. / The subject of this thesis is to analyze and process the data extracted from a wind farm, with installed capacity of 38 MW, then compare them to the theoretical estimated values and finally draw conclusions about the operation of the wind farm. In order to reach the goal of the thesis, initially, all the renewable energy sources are introduced and their significance and the important role they play in today's energy crisis are highlighted. Then the paper focuses on wind power, being one of the most frequently exploited renewable energy source and presents both the advantages and disadvantages and the ways of exploitation. Following the aforementioned is a detailed description of the characteristics of the wind turbine, which is the main equipment for the conversion of wind energy into electricity. The necessity of power nowadays has forced us to find ways for best absorption of wind energy. A wind farm allows us to get the maximum out of the wind potential of an area therefore what follows is the analysis of the main components of a wind farm. After describing all the necessary concepts for understanding the operation of the wind farm, a detailed description of the design process, construction and interconnection with the grid is presented. The description is made by using studies and drawings of an actual construction project of an installed wind farm. From the wind farm that was used as a template, were gathered various operating data such as power output, air speed and direction, etc. These data have been analyzed and processed, and the results are projected in the last two chapters of this thesis.

Solar cells is one of the cleanest and most environmentally friendly ways to produce electricity. Västerås city has invested in a number of solar systems in public buildings as a step to solve the energy issues of the future and contribute to a sustainable environment. The purpose of this project is to compare the real system yield from Västerås city´s solar plants with simulations. Produces the solar plants as expected or not, and if not, what might be the cause. Data were collected about the solar cell installations, by Mälarenergi Elnät and Västerås city. The real system yield was calculated and then the solar plants were simulated in PVGIS (Photovoltaic Geographical Information System) to obtain the theoretical yield. This project shows that most of Västerås city´s solar plants have a yield that is as expected according to the simulations or higher. However, there are some solar plants with a low or very low yield compared to the simulations. The yield varies considerably during the year. For those plants where the yield has been studied monthly, the real yield is higher in the second half of the year compared with the first half. The self-consumption varies greatly between the different solar plants, but generally it is high. Some solar plants have a very high self-consumption of 100 % and some have a very low of 30-40 %. Some solar plants have a higher yield than expected and it may depends to the fact that the installed power is a few percent higher than what the manufacturer states. The simulations might be unsure, because losses, solar radiation and weather may vary. The solar plants that have a low yield compared to the simulations may have a broken or disconnected component, shading and dirt may also affect. To have as high self-consumption as possible is an economically advantage, as long as the plant is not under-dimensioned because the goal is to produce electricity. There is no clear pattern showing which of the four PVGIS simulations is best matched to reality.

The thesis deals with the analysis of possibilities for use of III. and IV. generation of nuclear reactors for the Czech Republic. Introduction deals with basic principles of nuclear energetics and fuel cycle which is closely associated with the issue and its development and application in practice will have a significant effect both for choice of future types of nuclear reactors of IV. generation and the matter of settlement with spent nuclear fuel. In other parts the thesis deals with the present state of nuclear energetics in the Czech Republic, compares concrete chosen types of nuclear power plants of III. generation and generally describes nuclear reactors and power plants of IV. generation. Final part of the work is focused on questions concerning the possibility of construction of new blocks of nuclear power plants in the Czech Republic and presents concrete recommendation from author´s point of view.

The objective of the first part of master’s thesis is mapping the potential of various types of renewable sources in Europe and Czech Republic, especially solar energy, wind energy, water energy and biomass. There are described principals and ways of energy generation from these sources, brief overview of current technologies, and also their advantages and limitations. An important part is electric supply continuity from renewable sources, there are large differences and the resulting to restrictions on construction and connecting the units to the power system. In this work there are mentioned some impacts on network and rates of change of supply, some sources are also evaluated in terms of maximum power, that can be connected to the power system in our country. The conclusion of the first part is dedicated to energy storage technologies, which are suitable and usable for renewable sources, there are described their principals, properties, status of development and types of aplications, in which these technologies are used. This chapter also focusses on the price level of each technology. The second part of the thesis deals with 1 MWp on-grid photovoltaic power plant design. This design includes also the redox flow batteries accumulation, the first variant calculates on 24-hour steady energy supply, the second optimalized variant calculates on daily energy supply. There are the accumulation system costs estimated and also the payback period for the both variants. Additionally there is also determined minimum penalization for cost-effective operation. The last part is dedicated to changes of impact on the local grid and changes of system impacts, after the accumulation system is installed.