Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-04-15T19:42:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 linamaltastephan.pdf: 8401883 bytes, checksum: 600127615207eff7a27e553f79acd095 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-04-24T03:17:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 linamaltastephan.pdf: 8401883 bytes, checksum: 600127615207eff7a27e553f79acd095 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-24T03:17:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 linamaltastephan.pdf: 8401883 bytes, checksum: 600127615207eff7a27e553f79acd095 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-10-09 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O Museu Mariano Procópio é um dos exemplares arquitetônicos e artísticos mais importantes de Juiz de Fora, tendo também seu valor reconhecido tanto em nível estadual quanto nacional. Ao longo de sua história, foram realizadas significativas intervenções arquitetônicas nos prédios tombados, com a intenção de renovar, adequar às necessidades de cada época e solucionar problemas decorrentes das ações do tempo. Porém algumas dessas intervenções foram executadas sem embasamento técnico, chegando a comprometer a estrutura física e artística do bem tombado. Por se tratar de um bem tombado, faz-se necessário intervir de maneira a garantir a integridade física, porém, esse tipo de ação é recurso último a ser realizado, quando os procedimentos conservativos já não são suficientes para garantir a perpetuação do bem ao longo do tempo. O que se propõe com este trabalho é analisar as intervenções arquitetônicas realizadas nos prédios históricos Villa Ferreira Lage e Prédio Mariano Procópio e os projetos desenvolvidos para a restauração e recuperação de elementos estruturais, tomando como base os principais conceitos que envolvem a conservação e a restauração do patrimônio cultural; as discussões contemporâneas sobre o assunto e os principais problemas técnicos e teóricos. Pretende-se com esta pesquisa contribuir de forma crítica e histórica para futuros projetos e futuras intervenções. / The Mariano Procopio Museum is one of the most important architectural and artistic examples of Juiz de Fora, also with recognized value to both state and national level. Throughout its history were carried out significant architectural interventions in listed buildings, with the intention to renew, suit the needs of each era and solving problems resulting from time shares. But some of these interventions were performed without technical background and can affect the physical and artistic structure and tumbled. When it is a well fallen, it is necessary to intervene in order to guarantee the physical integrity, but such action is a last resort to be performed when conservative procedures are no longer sufficient to ensure the perpetuation of well over time . What is proposed in this paper is to analyze the architectural interventions in historic buildings Villa Ferreira Lage and building Mariano Procopio and the projects developed for the restoration and recovery of structural elements, based on the key concepts that involve the conservation and restoration of cultural heritage, contemporary discussions on the subject and the main technical and theoretical problems. The aim of this research contribute to critical and historical way for future projects and future interventions.

Orientador: Neury José Botega / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T22:33:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gaspar_KarlaCristina_M.pdf: 55704980 bytes, checksum: 8bf30ea103190b09a7607399c8dd17f1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: O Estudo de Intervenção Breve Oportuna (EIBO) realizou uma série de ensaios terapêuticos aleatorizados em pacientes internados no Hospital de Clínicas da Unicamp. Objetivo: descrever o perfil clínico e a evolução desses pacientes e decorridos seis meses da alta hospitalar, reavaliar todos os pacientes por meio de uma entrevista telefônica. Método: Após screening com a Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD), os primeiros 50 casos com episódio depressivo confirmados pelo Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview compuseram a amostra deste estudo da depressão e foram encaminhados para um serviço de saúde pública. Devido ao caráter naturalístico do presente estudo, não interferimos na conduta dos médicos durante a internação. Após 6 meses de alta hospitalar, todos os pacientes foram entrevistados novamente por telefone. Resultados: a média de idade foi 49,3 anos (desvio-padrão:14,5), com predominância do sexo feminino (68%). Infecções, neoplasias malignas, doenças gastrointestinais e renais foram às principais razões de internação, muitas vezes associadas a doenças de base (principalmente hipertensão arterial, diabetes e cardiopatias). Decorridos seis meses da alta, cinco pacientes faleceram, seis não puderam ser contatados e um recusou a nova entrevista. Dos 38 reavaliados, dois terços continuavam deprimidos. Apenas 12 pacientes foram tratados e desses 7 (58%) foram com antidepressivos. Continuar deprimido associou-se à ideação suicida e a reinternações. Banalização dos sintomas depressivos, medo de ficar dependente de psicofármacos e descrédito em antidepressivos e psicoterapias constituíram barreiras para que 21 pacientes (55%) não buscassem tratamento para depressão. Dos 17 que o fizeram, 5 não conseguiram tratamento. Conclusão: Este estudo inédito demonstrou que após seis meses da alta hospitalar, 66% dos pacientes continuam deprimidos e 15% recebem tratamento. E dos que continuam deprimidos 64% apresentam ideação suicida e 16% tiveram novas internações. As crenças que os pacientes têm sobre depressão e o tratamento também constituem fatores de impedimentos subjetivos para buscar tratamento / Abstract: The Study of Brief Opportunity Intervention (EIBO) performed a series of randomized clinical trials with patients admitted to Clinical Hospital of the State University of Campinas (Unicamp-Brazil). Objective: to describe both the clinical profile and evolution from the subjects, after 6-month discharge period and also to review ali the patients through a telephone call interview. Methodology: As part of this research project, the researchers screened ali patients using of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD). As part of this research project, the researchers screened ali patients using of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD). The first fifty (50) cases of depressive episode confirmed through Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) received standardized information about depression and were referred to a public health service to start the treatment. Due to the naturalistic nature of the present study, there was no interference on the assistant doctors' treatment provided to patients during hospitalization. After six-months of hospital discharge, ali the patients were reassessed through a telephone interview. Results: Patients' mean age was 49.3 years old (standard deviation: 14.5), being 68% females. Infections, malign neoplasias, renal and gastrointestinal diseases were the major reasons for hospitalization and they were many times associated with underlying diseases (mainly high blood pressure, diabetes and heart diseases). After six-month of discharge, five patients died, six could not be contacted by telephone and one of them refused to participate on a new interview. Out of 38 reassessed patients, two-thirds continued depressed. At the baseline assessment, this was the group that reported more frequently pain and suicidal behavior. Only one-third of the patients had received treatment for depression (from these 12 treated patients, 7 (58%) received antidepressive medication). Maintained depression was associated with suicidal ideation and rehospitalization. The discredit on depressive symptoms, the fear of becoming dependent on psychopharmacological medication and the disbelief on antidepressive drugs and psychotherapies were barriers that led 21 patients not to search treatment for depression. Out of 17 who search for treatment at public healthcare services, 5 could not get it. Although the patients were assessed by several physicians, only one out of three patients received some treatment for depression; only one, out of five, received an antidepressive medication. Conclusion: The findings show that after 6-month discharge period, 66% patients remained depressed and only 15% of them received treatment. The patients who continued depressed, they 64% showed suicidal ideation and 16% were rehospitalized. The beliefs that the patients have about depression and its treatment also constitute factors that impede them of looking for treatment / Mestrado / Ciencias Biomedicas / Mestre em Ciências Médicas

A dissertação aqui apresentada busca compreender as dinâmicas que envolvem as intervenções urbanísticas englobadas no projeto Porto Maravilha, sobretudo os discursos focados no embelezamento. O processo de implantação do projeto é iniciado no ano de 2009 na Região Portuária do Rio de Janeiro, alvo de discursos assentados no léxico da decadência. A abordagem metodológica deu-se por meio da sistematização de materiais da imprensa, da gestão pública e de guias de turismo, bem como do trabalho de campo, analisado a partir da perspectiva situacional e realizado em eventos oficiais, entre vendedores ambulantes na roda de samba da Pedra do Sal e na participação de espetáculos que lidam com uma complexa relação entre o projeto e grupos artísticos locais. O atual período nesse cenário é compreendido como uma possibilidade de acessar questões sobre as transformações no contexto contemporâneo do Rio de Janeiro, no qual as mudanças urbanísticas observadas possibilitaram a análise de um momento que torna latentes certos conflitos e percepções de cidade, como o fomento da atividade turística e o discurso de retorno ao centro e aos seus patrimônios. / The following dissertation seeks to comprehend the dynamics which involves the urbanistic interventions embraced by the Porto Maravilha project, especially the discourses focused on embellishment. The process of implantation of this project was initiated in 2009 at the port area of Rio de Janeiro, target of discourses focused on the lexicon of decadence. The methodological approach was given by a systematization of press material, public management and tourist guides, as well as field work, analyzing from the situational perspective and performed at official events, amongst street vendors at the Pedra do Sal samba gatherings and by participating on spectacles which deals with a complex relation amongst the project and local artistic groups. The current period in this scenery is comprehended as a possibility to access questions about the transformations on the contemporary context of Rio de Janeiro, when urbanistic changes allowed the analysis of a moment which makes latent certain conflicts and perceptions of the city, such as the promotion of touristic activities and the discourse of \"return\" to the city center and its patrimonies.

O rápido avanço da tecnologia médica e as alterações no perfil dos usuários demandam novas configurações da prestação de serviços e, consequentemente, novos espaços, aptos a suportar e contribuir com a realização das novas atividades. Este trabalho traz o mapeamento do processo de projeto para intervenções em edifícios de saúde, dos pontos de vista teórico e prático, e um modelo genérico do processo de projeto destas intervenções. O objetivo foi estudar métodos que favoreçam e facilitem a atualização contínua dos edifícios de saúde existentes devido à grande complexidade que envolve estes projetos. O método foi estruturado em levantamento e análise de dados. O levantamento contou com revisão bibliográfica, entrevistas e um estudo de caso numa empresa de projetos de arquitetura para saúde com vasta experiência no setor. Na análise de dados, as informações foram cruzadas e foi elaborado o modelo genérico, que serve de base para o desenvolvimento de projetos de intervenções em edifícios de saúde, podendo ser adequado para as peculiaridades de cada caso. O modelo, que abrange desde o início do processo de projeto até o acompanhamento do uso, é composto por cinco macrofases, divididas em fases e sub-fases, e contempla as diferentes relações entre elas, caracterizando o processo de um modo geral como cíclico, mas pontuando possibilidades de interrupção e retrocesso. São também apresentadas as interfaces entre os diversos agentes do processo em cada uma das macrofases e entre macrofases distintas. / The fast advance of medical technology and changes in user profiles require new configurations of service delivery and, consequently, new spaces, able to support and contribute to the implementation of new activities. This research presents the mapping of the design process for interventions in healthcare buildings, both from the standpoint of theory and current practice, and a generic model of the design process for these interventions. The aim was to study methods to encourage and facilitate continuous upgrading of existing healthcare buildings, due to high complexity involved in these designs. The method was structured in data collection and data analysis. The data collection was composed by literature review, interviews and a case study in a company of healthcare design with extensive experience. In data analysis, data were crossed and the generic model was developed, which can be the basis for the design development and can be suitable for the peculiarities of each case. Ranging from the beginning of the process to monitoring of use, the model consists of five macrofases divided into phases and sub-phases, and includes the various relationships between them, characterizing the process as cyclical generally, but with chances of break and retreat. We also present the interfaces between the different actors of the process in each macrophases and between different ones.

Diploma thesis focuses on an issue regarding the state interventions into market economy and provides the explanation, how does different economic ideas approach this issue and whether they support or deny the state interventions. It focuses in detail on support that is provided towards exporting companies. Czech Republic has two export credit agencies, firstly Export Guarantee and Insurance Corporation (EGAP) and secondly Czech Export Bank (CEB). This diploma thesis analyses only EGAP´s structure and quantifies the impact of its existence on Czech economy. In a first part we analyze historical evolution of ideologies that deals with state interventions and market failures in connection with support for exporters. It continues by description how international institutions like WTO or OECD work. Rules for export credit agencies, which summarize Consensus OECD, are closely analyzed. From this point forward the practical part begins to focus on EGAP´s structure. Firstly we describe the mechanism of support through the specific insurance products for exporters, following by analysis of uncommon structure of premium rate. The diploma thesis presents EGAP´s different approach in areas of regulation, structure of shareholders and uncommon risks insuring from regular commercial insurance company. In the last part we describe the procedure of evaluating the output of EGAP´s support for its whole existence. The analysis measures the profits and losses in related areas that were supported by EGAP´s insurance products. Mainly these areas are following: Accumulated loss of EGAP, The amount of profit amongst supported exporters, The amount of profit amongst financing banks and in the end the analysis of the positive impact on the unemployment in Czech Republic. The result should show, how convenient is for government to possess such an institution, especially nowadays when all developed countries do own similar institutions.

BAKGRUND: Placebo som begrepp har förändrats över tid – från medeltidens betydelse ”jag skall göra gott” till en overksam substans som används i randomiserade kontrollerade studier. Tidigare forskning visar att placeboeffekt kan skapas genom förväntans- och betingningsmekanismer, som via hjärnan startar processer i kroppen som kan lindra symptom som exempelvis smärta och illamående. Placeboeffekter har ansetts förekomma vid upp till 90 procent av sjuksköterskans åtgärder, men forskningen som belyser dess potential inom omvårdnad är bristfällig. SYFTE: Att undersöka hur placeboeffekten skulle kunna användas vid omvårdnadsåtgärder. METOD: En litteraturstudie med induktiv ansats. RESULTAT: Placebo kan skapas genom bemötande, behandlingsritualer och vårdmiljö. Vårdpersonal kan använda placeboeffekten för att stödja patientens behandling, för att individanpassa vården och stärka relationen mellan patient och personal. SLUTSATS OCH FÖRSLAG PÅVIDARE FORSKNING: Många omvårdnadsåtgärder som kan bidra till att skapa placeboeffekter går att använda utan etiska konflikter, medan andra delar kräver merforskning och etiska riktlinjer innan de är genomförbara i klinisk praxis. Vidare forskning bör fokusera på klinisk miljö och knyta samman omvårdnadsforskning med andra forskningsområden. Individuella skillnader i placeborespons och vårdpersonalens syn på användning av placebo är några områden som behöver fördjupas inom omvårdnadsforskning. / BACKGROUND: The concept placebo has changed over time – from the Middle Ages denotation of "I shall please" - into an inactive substance used in randomized controlled trials. Previous research shows that a placebo effect can be created through expectation and conditioning-mechanisms, which in turn trigger brain processes that can alleviate symptoms such as pain and nausea. Up to 90 percent of a nurse's actions have been considered to create placebo effects, but research that highlights its potential in nursing care is scarce. AIM OF STUDY: Examine how the placebo effect could be used in nursing interventions. METHOD: A literature study with inductive approach. RESULTS: Placebo effects can be created through verbal and non-verbal treatment, treatment rituals and by altering the context of the healthcare setting. Healthcare professionals can use the placebo effect to strengthen or replace active treatments. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH:Several nursing interventions that initiate a placebo effect can be used without ethical conflicts, while others require more research and ethical guidelines before being viable in clinical practice. Individual differences regarding placebo response, and healthcare professionals' views of the use of placebo, are some areas that need further research.

Bakgrund: Sömn är ett grundläggande behov som bidrar till fysisk och psykisk återhämtning. Miljömässiga och emotionella faktorer, som ofta återfinns i sjukhusmiljö, kan bidra till negativ inverkan på sömnen. Påverkad sömn kan leda till komplikationer vilket är ett problem då patienter är i större behov av sömn relaterat till ohälsa. Sjuksköterskan har en betydande roll i att främja sömnen för patienter. Syfte: Att beskriva omvårdnadsåtgärder vid sömnbesvär hos vuxna patienter på vårdavdelning i sjukhusmiljö. Metod: En litteraturstudie baserad på 15 vetenskapliga artiklar. Resultat: Tre huvudkategorier och tolv subkategorier av omvårdnadsåtgärder framkom. Huvudkategorierna var miljöanpassning, avslappning samt sömnfrämjande rutiner. Slutsats: Sömn är betydelsefullt, framförallt för patienter. Flertalet omvårdnadsåtgärder kan tillämpas för att främja sömn. / Background: Sleep is essential to humans regarding physical and psychological recovery. Environmental and emotional factors can disrupt sleep and these factors are common in hospital environment. Disrupted sleep can result in complications to the patient which is a problem because patients are in greater need of sleep due to their illness. Nurses have an important role to enhance the patients’ sleep. Aim: To describe nursing interventions on sleep disruption among adult inpatients. Method: A Literature review based on 15 science articles. Results: Three major categories and twelve subcategories of nursing interventions were identified. The major categories were; adjustment of the environment, relaxation and sleep promoting routines. Conclusion: Sleep is essential, especially to patients. Several nursing interventions could be applied to enhance sleep.

We are spending more and more time seated at work, which increases the risk for health problems. Behaviour change support systems that encourage breaks and stretching at work have been used as interventions to try to reduce these problems. No previous studies had looked at how these systems were used for long periods of time. In this qualitative study based on ten interviews, we aimed for expanding our understanding of long-term usage of such systems by studying one called ‘Efons’. The results indicate that the main factors influencing long-term usage are timely reminders, the impact that the stretching exercises has on the users’ health and the education of the user about health recommendations. We also found elements we argue have the ability to influence long-term usage and currently do not exist in the system studied or its context of use, such as adapt the system to the needs of the user or provide education about why these systems are useful.

Hemodialys är en behandlingsmetod som kan behövas när njurarna inte fungerar som de ska och inte klarar av att rena blodet längre. Denna metod är mycket energikrävande för personen och man kan upplevas må sämre efter hemodialyssessionen än innan. Att leva med hemodialys är en livsstil som kräver anpassning, både mentalt och fysiskt. Sjukhusbesöken är ett måste och personens hälsa påverkas. Syftet med detta examensarbete var att sammanställa kunskap om omvårdnadsinterventioner för att främja hälsa hos personer som lever med hemodialysbehandling. Detta för att sjuksköterskor ska kunna ha omvårdnadsinterventioner att arbeta utefter för att främja hälsan hos personer som lever med hemodialys. Metoden som användes var en integrerad kunskapsöversikt, detta för att fånga upp så många interventioner som möjligt för personer med hemodialys, oavsett kvalitativa eller kvantitativa studier. Analysen resulterade i sex teman såsom: att ge kunskap, att ge stöd, att stimulera till fysisk aktivitet, att hjälpa till avslappning, att lindra symtom och att följa upp. Genom att använda dessa interventioner kan hälsan främjas hos personer som lever med hemodialys genom pedagogik, stödjande och lindrande åtgärder. Slutsatsen var att omvårdnadsinterventionerna som framkom i resultatet ledde till en främjad hälsa. Sjuksköterskans relation med patienten var betydelsefull och är grundläggande för att omvårdnadsinterventioner ska kunna utföras i samverkan med personen som lever med hemodialys. / Hemodialysis is a treatment that may be needed when the kidneys do not work properly and are unable to clean the blood adequately. This treatment takes a lot of energy from the person undergoing the procedure. Living with hemodialysis treatment is a lifestyle that requires adaptation, both mentally and physically. Hospital visits are a must and the health of the person is greatly affected. The purpose was to compile knowledge of nursing interventions to promote the health of people living with hemodialysis treatment. This will enable nurses to have nursing interventions to work on to promote the health of people living with hemodialysis. The method used was an integrated literature review to capture as many interventions as possible for people with hemodialysis, regardless of qualitative or quantitative studies. Analysis resulted in six themes such as: provide knowledge, to support, to stimulate physical activity, to promote relaxation, to relieve symptoms and to follow up. By using nursing interventions, the health of people living with hemodialysis treatment can be promoted through pedagogical, supportive and relieving actions. The conclusion was that nursing interventions that emerged in the result led to a promoted health. Nursing's relationship with the patient was important and is essential for nursing intervention to be carried out in collaboration with the person living with hemodialysis.

Sammanfattning Bakgrund: Postoperativ ileus är en allvarlig komplikation som kan uppstå, ofta till följd av smärtstillande läkemedel eller inflammation i tarmvävnaden. Tarmmotoriken avstannar och gas- och tarmavgång upphör. Symtomen är kraftiga buksmärtor, kräkningar och utspänd buk. Patienten utsätts för smärta, oro och förlängd sjukhusvistelse. Syfte: Att beskriva omvårdnadsåtgärder sjuksköterskan kan vidta för att förebygga postoperativ ileus samt att beskriva urvalsgrupperna i de inkluderade artiklarna. Metod: En litteraturstudie av deskriptiv design som grundas på elva vetenskapliga artiklar, samtliga med kvantitativ ansats. Huvudresultat: Omvårdnadsåtgärder som tidigt oralt vätske- och födointag, tugga tuggummi, mobilisering, gunga gungstol, akupressur och sjuksköterskeledd information har visats påskynda läkning av tarmen och reducera risken av postoperativ ileus. Omvårdnadsåtgärderna visade bäst resultat gällande tarmljud, tarmrörelser, gas- och tarmavgång och tolerans av normal föda. Slutsats: Omvårdnadsåtgärder har visats ha god effekt vid förebyggande av postoperativ ileus. Tydliga tecken på att tarmen återhämtat sig och att den postoperativa tarmparalysen upphört är gas- och tarmavgång, tarmljud och tarmrörelser, vilket samtliga påskyndas av omvårdnadsåtgärder. Att kontinuerligt ta del av kunskap genom forskning möjliggör för sjuksköterskan att utföra professionell omvårdnad av hög standard. Det är sjuksköterskans ansvar att utföra omvårdnadsåtgärder som förebygger risker, minskar lidande och främjar hälsa. / Abstract Background: Postoperative ileus is a serious complication, often due to pain relief medication or the inflammation of intestinal tissue. Bowel movements stop and the gastrointestinal tract ceases and the resulting symptoms are: severe abdominal pain, vomiting and tensioned abdomen. This result in pain, anxiety and long-term hospitalization for the patient. Aim: To describe nursing interventions which prevent postoperative ileus and describe the selection groups of included articles. Method: A literature study of descriptive design based on eleven articles, all of which take a quantitative approach. Main result: Nursing interventions such as; early oral fluid and food intake, chewing gum, mobilization, swing rocking chair, acupressure and nurse information have been shown to accelerate healing of the intestine and reduce the risk of postoperative ileus. Nursing interventions had best result relating to: bowel sound, bowel movement, defecation and tolerance of normal food. Conclusion: Nursing interventions have been shown effective in the prevention of postoperative ileus. Clear indications of intestinal recovery and postoperative paralysis recovery include first flatus, bowel sound, bowel movement and defecation, all of which are more likely to occur if the patient has had nursing intervention. Continuously acquiring knowledge through research enables nurses to perform professional care of high standard. It is the nurse's responsibility to carry out nursing interventions that prevent risks, reduce suffering and promote healing.