by Lau Chi Kong. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 47-48). / Abstract also in Chinese. / Chapter ONE --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter TWO --- LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.5 / Chapter THREE --- FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN CHINA --- p.8 / Chapter FOUR --- MODEL 1 SUBSTITUTABILITY --- p.13 / Chapter FIVE --- CONCLUSION --- p.39 / APPENDIX --- p.44

by Chang Wai Kwan, Vincent. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 157). / ABSTRACT --- p.5 / INTRODUCTION --- p.6 / METHODOLOGY --- p.11 / FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN CHINA --- p.12 / Overview --- p.14 / China Industrial Development & Invitation to Foreign Investors --- p.18 / Driving force for China's industrial development --- p.18 / Evolution of China's industrial policy --- p.18 / China's Framework of National Industrial Policies in the 1990s --- p.20 / China's Ninth Five Year Plan (1996-2000) --- p.21 / Declining Attraction to Foreign Investors? --- p.23 / Cooling of the China Mania --- p.24 / Investment Rationale and Concerns for China Direct Investments --- p.26 / The Paradigm Change for China Direct Investment --- p.27 / How to Maintain China's Competitiveness to Foreign Investors --- p.31 / Chapter 1. --- Stable Economic and Political Environment --- p.32 / Chapter 2. --- Favourable Operating Condition --- p.37 / Chapter 3. --- Transparent Government Policy --- p.38 / Chapter 4. --- Disintegration of Government Political and Business Interests --- p.40 / The Roads Ahead for China --- p.44 / China's WTO Entry --- p.48 / China's World Trade Organisation market access concessions --- p.50 / What WTO entry means for the PRC reform process --- p.52 / To invest in China or not?! --- p.55 / VENTURE CAPITAL BASICS --- p.57 / Industry Growth in the States --- p.59 / The First Wave --- p.60 / The Subsequent Waves --- p.61 / Private Equity Investment Returns and Increasing Popularity --- p.61 / The source of venture capital funds --- p.63 / The Asian Migration --- p.66 / The Emergence of Asian Pioneers --- p.67 / The China Fund Crusaders --- p.73 / First Wave (1986- 1991) --- p.74 / Second Wave (mid-1992) --- p.75 / Third Wave (1993) --- p.76 / Fund management firms --- p.78 / What Entrepreneurs don't Know about Venture Capital --- p.79 / Common Deals Structure and Patterns of Investments --- p.81 / Looking into the Future --- p.81 / Overview of Venture Capital in China --- p.84 / Sources of Venture Capital Funding --- p.84 / Disbursement of Funds --- p.85 / Problems facing VC firms --- p.85 / Conclusion --- p.86 / THE CAPITAL GAP --- p.88 / Asian Emerging Businesses Offer Venture Capital Opportunities --- p.91 / China Business Strategy and Outlook for Venture Capitalists - a SME perspective --- p.92 / Rooting the Finance Gap for SMEs --- p.95 / What do Banks Look for in Making a Small Business Loan? --- p.96 / Venture Capital as a potential alternative financing --- p.97 / Entrepreneurs' Misconceptions for the Venture Capitalists --- p.99 / How Venture Capitalist can help --- p.100 / "Five Stages of Small Business Growth"" model" --- p.101 / Does this business idea work? --- p.102 / Scaling up business operations --- p.102 / Fostering the corporate infrastructure as a platform of growth --- p.103 / Reducing risk level and dynamic financing needs --- p.103 / Linking Financing Needs and Stages of Business Development --- p.106 / Key Investment Concerns of Venture Capitalists --- p.109 / Gap Bridging: Self-Evaluation for Business Plans --- p.111 / Key Elements in Structuring a Private Equity Deal --- p.113 / Partnering with Venture capitalists: a Win-Win situation --- p.113 / Financial Impact on Investee Company --- p.114 / Financial Impact on Investor / Shareholder --- p.115 / Appendix I: Alternative Non-Bank Financing --- p.116 / INDUSTRY ANALYSIS --- p.118 / Michael Porter's Structural Analysis of Industries --- p.120 / Michael Porter's Five-Forces Model --- p.121 / Industry Structure and Equilibrium --- p.122 / Chapter [a] --- Industry Rivalry Factors --- p.123 / Chapter [b] --- Entry Barriers --- p.126 / Chapter [c] --- Substitution Threat Determinants --- p.128 / Chapter [d] --- Suppliers (investee) Bargaining Power Determinants --- p.129 / Chapter [e] --- Buyer (venture capitalists) Bargaining Power Determinants --- p.130 / Refining Michael Porter's Model and Incorporating China Elements --- p.132 / Value and Management --- p.133 / Putting Competitive Strategy into Action --- p.136 / Legal and Regulatory Environment --- p.136 / Legal Aspects of Joint Venture Restructuring --- p.137 / Merger and Acquisitions Opportunities Ahead --- p.141 / Foreign Acquisition of State-Owned Enterprises --- p.141 / Sum Up: Legal Aspects of China Investment Projects Structuring --- p.142 / LESSONS LEARNED --- p.143 / Critical Success Factors for Venture Capital Houses Operating in China --- p.144 / Chapter 1. --- Looks for proven service concepts that can be transplanted into China --- p.144 / Chapter 2. --- Team up with local or foreign industrial partner --- p.145 / Chapter 3. --- Conduct extensive market research --- p.146 / Chapter 4. --- Legal concerns (investment retractions & regulatory frameworks).… --- p.147 / Chapter 5. --- Undertake extensive pre-acquisition due diligence --- p.147 / Chapter 6. --- Maintain active and supportive oversight of investees --- p.148 / Prescription for a Model Venture Capital Investment House --- p.148 / Road-map for a 21st Century Investment House --- p.149 / Chapter 1. --- Focused investment strategy --- p.151 / Chapter 2. --- Global direct investment presence and team-up with industrial operators --- p.152 / Chapter 3. --- Support market leaders and domestic rising star --- p.152 / Chapter 4. --- Multi-facet exit mechanism --- p.153 / Chapter 5. --- Responsive and prompt decision making process --- p.153 / Chapter 6. --- Building deal flow and entrepreneurs networks --- p.154 / Chapter 7. --- Brand recognition --- p.155 / Final Words --- p.155 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.157

He, Mali. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 104-112). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract (English version) --- p.i / Abstract (Chinese version) --- p.iii / Acknowledgement --- p.v / Table of Contents --- p.vii / List of Tables --- p.ix / List of Figures --- p.x / Chapter Chapter 1. --- Local Media Industry in the Global Context --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- The Issues of Globalization --- p.5 / Chapter 1.3 --- Cultural Industries: Political Economy in Practice --- p.12 / Chapter 1.4 --- Hollywood Reacquainted --- p.14 / Chapter Chapter 2. --- Industrial Reforms and the Current Development of the Chinese Film Industry --- p.18 / Chapter 2.1 --- Trajectory of the Chinese Film Industrial Reforms --- p.18 / Chapter 2.11 --- The Internal Industrial Reform --- p.20 / Chapter 2.12 --- The Reforms on External Policy --- p.22 / Chapter 2.13 --- Closer Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) --- p.26 / Chapter 2.14 --- Consequences of and Implications for the Chinese Film Industrial Reforms --- p.29 / Chapter 2.2 --- A Glance at the Current Development and Dilemma in the Chinese Film Industry --- p.31 / Chapter Chapter 3. --- Research Questions and Methodology --- p.39 / Chapter 3.1 --- Analytical Framework --- p.39 / Chapter 3.2 --- Research Questions --- p.42 / Chapter 3.3 --- Methodology --- p.43 / Chapter Chapter 4. --- The Analysis of Localization of the Foreign Media Capital in Crazy Stone --- p.48 / Chapter 4.1 --- Trajectory of Warner Bros. Entering Mainland China Market --- p.49 / Chapter 4.2 --- Investment Mode of Crazy Stone --- p.53 / Chapter 4.3 --- Successful Strategies Contributing to the Success of Crazy Stone --- p.60 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Localization of the Creative --- p.60 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Localization of the Content --- p.65 / Chapter 4.33 --- Localization of the Economic --- p.74 / Chapter 4.34 --- Localization of Marketing Strategies --- p.80 / Chapter 4.35 --- Success of Crazy Stone --- p.87 / Chapter Chapter 5. --- Conclusion and Discussion --- p.89 / Chapter 5.1 --- Localization as Prerequisites --- p.89 / Chapter 5.2 --- "Localization, Regionalization and Globalization一A Chinese-specific Possible Film Development Model" --- p.92 / Chapter 5.3 --- Implications for the Chinese Film Industry --- p.96 / Chapter 5.4 --- Limitation and Discussion --- p.100 / Notes --- p.104 / References --- p.108 / Appendices --- p.114 / Appendix 1 --- p.114 / Appendix 2 --- p.115 / Appendix 3 --- p.116

published_or_final_version / Urban Design / Master / Master of Urban Design

Bibliography: leaves 361-378. / xxii, 378 leaves : ill., maps ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / A theoretical and empirical study of foreign direct investment (FDI) in China, focusing on the location determinants, the differences among source countries, and the impact on trade. The issues are analysed mainly within Dunning's "OLI" theoretical frame work for FDI, supplemented by theories of transactions costs and international trade. The evolution of China's FDI policies are analysed to provide a general policy background for the study of FDI in China. Shows that China's gradual reform approach has achieved substantial progress within a relatively short period. However, compared with APEC's investment-related principles, China's current FDI policy needs to be further improved, particularly in respect of transparency and national treatment. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Economics, 1998

Thesis (D.B.A.) -- University of Western Sydney, 2002. / "Doctor of Business Administration" Includes bibliography.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Queen's University, 1997. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 208-243).

Zugl.: Princeton, Univ., Diss., 2001. / Includes bibliographical references and index.

When implemented within a favourable legislative framework, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) can produce domestic growth-enhancing spillovers in host countries. Other potential positive effects include the provision of investment capital, the creation of local employment and the transfer of sophisticated technology or advanced knowledge. African nations in particular have been historically reliant on externally-provided funds. Prevailing low income levels, marginal savings rates and the absence of functioning financial markets necessary to provide local start-up capital continue to keep Africa reliant on foreign inflows. Considering China’s increasing financial commitments to Sub- Saharan Africa (SSA) over the last decade, this study examines the state of current Sino-African investment relationships. Specific attention is paid to the outcomes of this strategic bilateral alliance in order to determine whether or not a mutually beneficial investment relationship has evolved. The distinct nature and structure of, the motivation behind and the most significant determinants of Chinese FDI to SSA are all analysed in accordance with traditional FDI theories. A case study approach is used to establish whether China’s contemporary interest in SSA differs from historical investments and to also investigate country-specific commonalities and differences. Of particular relevance to SSA are resource-backed Chinese loans that finance major infrastructure projects in host nations. Interestingly, a lot of the Sino-African investment packages resemble similar deals struck between China and Japan in the 1970s. The results of this study indicate that China’s investment motives seem more diverse than initially expected. Resource-seeking, profit-seeking and market access-seeking reasons appear to be the most important motives. After establishing the Top- Ten recipients of Chinese FDI in SSA, these nations are then classified into three major categories: resource-, oil- or agricultural-rich nations. Undiversified resource- or oil-rich economies are found to have secured the largest shares of Chinese FDI. This study suggests that China’s contemporary “African Safari” is an unconventional way of providing financial assistance. Rather than solely supplying FDI, China finances a diverse mix of instruments, the most important being concessional loans, export credits, zero-interest loans and the establishment of Special Economic Zones. A profound difference to traditional Western investment packages is China’s non-interference approach. Accordingly, Beijing not only refrains from intervening in host countries’ domestic affairs but also refuses to attach formal conditionalties to its loans. China’s “financial safari” into Africa has produced many positive as well as negative effects in host countries. Nevertheless, it would seem that the positive effects outweigh the negative and China’s FDI could contribute to sustainable development in SSA

This thesis presents an empirical analysis of direct foreign investments in manufacturing in Hong Kong. The analysis is based upon two main data sources - Hong Kong government statistics and a questionnaire survey conducted in March 1979. The data collected are put together to provide a comprehensive picture of the investment pattern of the foreign manufacturers and to pinpoint their economic significance to Hong Kong. Their operational characteristics as well as their motives and needs are also explored to give better insights into their activities and to test the validity of direct foreign investment theories. Hong Kong has an extremely liberal economic policy and there is very little government intervention in private business activities. This policy is extended to its treatment of foreign investment. The outstanding feature is that it does not differentiate between foreign and local corporations. Consequently, there is no special restriction on foreign investment, but neither is any concession given. Foreign investors find this policy most agreeable. There is intensive and diversified foreign investment interest in Hong Kong. With the only exception of manufacturing, foreign investors now hold dominating positions in all major economic sectors. The number of foreign manufacturers comprises only about one percent of the total number of manufacturing establishments in Hong Kong, but their contributions in terms of providing industrial employment and exports are approximately ten times as much. More significantly, their investments have helped Hong Kong very much in its efforts to upgrade and diversify its industries. They are an important agent for transferring technology into Hong Kong. Foreign investors in manufacturing have come mostly from the U.S., Japan, Western Europe and Asian Pacific countries. The industries in which they have invested most are electronics, textiles, chemical products and electrical products. Foreign investments in manufacturing in Hong Kong are mostly of the export oriented type. There are close links in management, production and marketing established between the foreign manufacturers and their overseas affiliates indicating that their operations are integrated. Furthermore, foreign manufacturers appear to have a higher degree of sophistication and diversification in their production and marketing operations than their local counterparts. A comparison between U.S. and Japanese investment characteristics shows that four out of five hypothetical propositions derived from theoretical U.S. and Japanese foreign investment models are supported. There is enough evidence to indicate that the industries in which Japanese corporations invested are different and are technologically less advanced, that Japanese manufacturing operations are more labour intensive, that Japanese firms use unadapted home country technology more often and that Japanese firms export back to Japan a greater proportion of their sales than U.S. firms do to the U.S. The only one of the hypotheses examined which cannot be supported is that there is a higher incidence of minority holdings and joint ventures being used by Japanese manufacturers. In Hong Kong, both the U.S. and Japanese manufacturers have a strong preference for majority or full ownership. / Business, Sauder School of / Graduate