Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-05-13T13:29:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 lucianamarquesrufato.pdf: 546929 bytes, checksum: b96c788f3a46ad6ffd3347f85032deb1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-06-27T20:45:18Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 lucianamarquesrufato.pdf: 546929 bytes, checksum: b96c788f3a46ad6ffd3347f85032deb1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-06-27T20:45:38Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 lucianamarquesrufato.pdf: 546929 bytes, checksum: b96c788f3a46ad6ffd3347f85032deb1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-27T20:45:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 lucianamarquesrufato.pdf: 546929 bytes, checksum: b96c788f3a46ad6ffd3347f85032deb1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12-02 / A presente dissertação busca mostrar, através da análise das personagens femininas dos romances Foi assim e La strada che va in città, de Natalia Ginzburg, a influência que os paradigmas da sociedade patriarcal da década de 1940 exerciam sobre a mulher e como esses afetavam o seu modo de vida. Com base nas teorias de Simone de Beauvoir, que tratam da diferença entre homens e mulheres, debateremos a visão crítica da autora italiana em relação à exaltação do masculino em detrimento do feminino. Objetivamos também, desmitificar a questão da inferioridade da autoria feminina sob a ótica da Crítica Feminista (SHOWATER, 1994). / This thesis intends to show, through the analysis of the female characters in the novels Foi assim and La strada che va in città, by Natalia Ginzburg, the influence that the paradigms of patriarchal society of the 1940‟s had on women and how they affected their lives. Based on the theories of Simone de Beauvoir, which treat the differences between men and women, we discuss the Italian author‟s critical view in relation to the exaltation of the masculine over the feminine. We also aim to demystify the subject of inferiority concerning female authorship from the perspective of Feminist Criticism (SHOWATER, 1994).

Nous voulons démontrer que le plurilinguisme n’est pas un procédé accessoire, mais une fonction majeure de la littérature. Pour ce faire, cette thèse étudie l’écriture de trois auteurs italiens plurilingues : Amelia Rosselli (1930-1996), Edoardo Sanguineti (1930-2010) et Patrizia Vicinelli (1943-1991). La première partie analyse le plurilinguisme littéraire d’un point de vue théorique, historique et formel. Après avoir défini les concepts essentiels, nous dressons une synthèse argumentée des études fondatrices sur ce sujet. Parallèlement, nous montrons comment le plurilinguisme se développe dans la deuxième moitié du XXe siècle. Enfin, nous dégageons les caractéristiques formelles récurrentes des textes plurilingues, du micro-texte au macro-texte, et proposons plusieurs typologies. De plus, nous soutenons que le plurilinguisme a un rôle crucial dans la pensée, les émotions et les images véhiculées par les textes littéraires. La deuxième partie explore trois caractéristiques majeures de cet imaginaire plurilingue : la subjectivité, la représentation de l’espace mondial et la conscience métalinguistique. Le plurilinguisme a enfin des conséquences globales sur les logiques de réception et de traduction, comme le montre la troisième partie. Plus généralement, le lecteur lui-même est toujours plongé dans une traduction potentielle. Après avoir examiné les questions théoriques que pose la traduction du plurilinguisme, nous critiquons différentes traductions de nos auteurs en plusieurs langues. Nous insistons sur les cas particuliers de l’autotraduction et de la traduction réalisée avec l’auteur. / My aim is to demonstrate that multilingualism is not an incidental process, but a substantial function in literature. Therefore, this thesis studies the works of three italian multilingual authors: Amelia Rosselli (1930-1996), Edoardo Sanguineti (1930-2010) and Patrizia Vicinelli (1943-1991). The first part analyses literary multilingualism from a theoretical, historical and formal point of view. After defining essential concepts, I give a detailed overview of the founding studies on this topic. At the same time, I point out how multilingualism raises during the second half of the XXe century. Then I identify the main formal patterns of multilingual texts, from microtext to macrotext, and propose different typologies. Moreover I argue that multingualism plays a leading role in thoughts, emotions and images conveyed by literary texts. Thus the second part focuses on three major features of the multilingual imagination: the subjectivity, the representation of world space and the metalinguistic awareness. Multilingualism has finally a global impact on the reception and the translation of texts, which is the topic of the third part. The reader himself is always engaged in a potential translation. After investigating the general questions raised by the translation of multilingualism, I criticize different translations of our authors in several languages. I also emphasize the specific issue of self-translation and translation written with the author.

Anseïs de Carthage est une chanson de geste de la première moitié du XIIIe siècle en laisses de décasyllabes rimés et, en partie, assonancés. Elle appartient au Cycle du Roi et se place dans la branche carolingienne de l’épopée médiévale. Le texte raconte l’histoire d’Anseïs, neveu de Charlemagne, qui devient le nouveau roi d’Espagne après la victoire définitive de l’empereur sur les Sarrasins et la libération de la péninsule ibérique. Du point de vue narratif, la chanson d’Anseïs représente le continuum de la Chanson de Roland. Après une introduction générale sur l’œuvre, notre thèse propose l’étude approfondie du manuscrit Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, français 1598, dénommé C dans la tradition manuscrite du texte. Il s’agit du seul témoin transcrit en Italie par un copiste italien : il conserve une version de la chanson linguistiquement « italianisée », surtout aux niveaux graphique et phonétique. À cause de son faciès linguistique particulier, ce manuscrit n’a jamais été étudié individuellement et ses lectiones n’ont pas été utilisées aux fins ecdotiques. Dans notre travail nous proposons la transcription semi-diplomatique complète du ms. Paris, BnF, fr. 1598 et une analyse systématique de tous les niveaux de langue. De la même manière, nous abordons aussi la question de la branche franco-italienne de la tradition manuscrite d’Anseïs de Carthage, qui se compose du codex C et des deux fragments h et i. À travers notre étude nous essaierons de démontrer l’intérêt ecdotique de C, h et i, et nous essaierons d’apporter des nouvelles données linguistiques et philologiques dans la recherche concernante Anseïs de Carthage. / Anseïs de Carthage is a chanson de geste from the first half of the 13th century, composed of rhymed, and partly assonanced, ten-syllable stanzas. It belongs to the King’s Cycle and the Carolingian branch of medieval epics. The text tells the story of Anseïs, Charlemagne’s nephew, who becomes the new king of Spain after the final emperor’s victory over the Saracens and the liberation of the Iberian Peninsula. From a narrative point of view the Anseïs’ chanson represents a narrative continuum of the Chanson the Roland. After a general introduction about the poem, our thesis proposes an in depth study of the manuscript Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, français 1598, called C in the text’s manuscript tradition. It is the only codex transcribed in Italy by an italian copyist: it conserves an “italianised” linguistic version of the chanson, especially at a graphic and phonetic level. Because of its peculiar linguistic facies, this manuscript has never been studied individually and its lectiones have never been used for ecdotics purposes. In our work we propose the whole semi-diplomatic transcription of the ms. Paris, BnF, fr. 1598 and also a systematic analysis of all the linguistic levels. In the same way, we approach the matter of the franco-italian branch of the Anseïs de Carthage manuscript tradition, which includes the codex C and the two fragments h and i. Through our study we will try to demonstrate the ecdotic interest of C, h and i and we will try to add some new linguistic and philological data to the Anseïs de Carthage research.

Entre le 15 Juillet 1921 et le 30 Novembre 1923, Emilio Cecchi publie sur le quotidien «La Tribuna» 111 articles signés d’un pseudonyme: “Il tarlo”. Ces pièces sont incluses dans une rubrique de critique littéraire qui apparaît sous le titre d’ensemble de Libri nuovi e usati. Cecchi présente au lecteur les œuvres les plus variées de nombreux auteurs italiens et étrangers: beaucoup sont entrés fermement dans le canon. Le 2 Mars 1923, c’est “Il Tarlo” à parler pour la première fois en Italie de l’Ulysses de James Joyce. Les courts articles de critique littéraire, démontrent toute l’acuité de l’interprétation de Cecchi: avec un style toujours équilibré et soutenu par une maîtrise critique très consciente, il réalise un fresque très vif de la vie littéraire au lendemain de la Première Guerre Mondiale. Cette thèse est la publication intégrale des Libri nuovi e usati de Cecchi, avec une introduction, des notes explicatives détaillées et un index des noms. / Between 15th July 1921 and 30th November 1923, Emilio Cecchi published in the newspaper «La Tribuna» 111 articles signed with the pseudonym “Il tarlo”: they are the literary review entitled Libri nuovi e usati. Cecchi wrote about a lot of Italian and foreign books, many of whom are now firmly in the canon. Sometimes he recommended, for the first time in Italy, fondamental masterpieces: for example, on 2nd March 1923, he is the first italian critic who wrote about Ulysses by James Joyce. These short critical texts show Cecchi's interpretive acuity: with an always measured tone, he created a vivid survey of the Italian and foreign literary life after the end of the First World War. This thesis is the complete edition of the literary review, preceded by an introduction and accompanied by critical notes and a detailed index of names.

Ce travail de recherche examine un corpus littéraire d'auteures qui, dans le contexte de migrations contemporaines, écrivent en italien, tout en ayant une autre langue maternelle, ou encore à partir d'une situation de bilinguisme. Nous nous proposons de voir de quelle manière ces ouvrages, écrits dans une autre langue, peuvent illustrer le concept d'ostranenie, formulé par les formalistes russes pour décrire la création artistique. Trois thématiques centrales guident l'analyse et correspondent aux trois axes de ce travail : les enjeux du plurilinguisme, l'évolution des genres littéraires, la valeur du texte littéraire dans sa relation au monde. Dans la première partie L'italien babélique (chapitres 1, 2 et 3), nous analysons la trame linguistique de ces textes, pour voir de quelle manière et pour quelles raisons ces auteures créent une langue littéraire, à travers la relation entre l'italien et une autre langue. Dans la deuxième partie, Écritures, narrations et poétiques (chapitres 4, 5 et 6), nous abordons les contextes de ces écritures, ainsi que les genres et les formes narratives, à la recherche de schémas de compositions qui régissent les poétiques de ces auteures, sous l'influence des différentes traditions littéraires et des systèmes de pouvoir permettant l'émergence des auteurs et des textes. Enfin, dans la troisième partie Les conflits de la narration (chapitres 7, 8 et 9), nous tirons les conséquences des choix linguistiques et narratifs à l'œuvre dans les textes étudiés : l'observation des images et des idéologies véhiculées nous amène aux enjeux qui traversent ces textes. / The present research focuses on authors who, in the context of contemporary migrations, write in Italian even though they have a different mother tongue or they are bilingual. We aim at showing in which way these works, written in a language other than one's own, can illustrate the notion of ostranenie (that is, turning what is familiar into something strange and foreign) introduced by the Russian formalists to describe artistic creation. We carry out textual analysis along three main dimensions, corresponding to the three section of this work: the multilinguism, the evolution of literary genres, the importance of the literary work in relation to the world.In the first part (Italian Babel, chs. 1, 2, and 3), we analyze the linguistic thread of these texts, in order to see in what way and for what reasons these authors create a literary language through the relation between Italian and a different language. In the second part (Writings, Narrations and Poetics, chs. 4, 5, and 6), we consider the context of these writings, as well as of genres and narrative forms, seeking patterns of composition underpinning the poetics of these authors under different literary traditions and power systems allowing for the emergence of authors and texts. Finally, in the third part (The Conflicts of Narration, chs. 7, 8, and 9), we draw the consequences of linguistic and narrative choices at work in the texts we researched. The observation of the images and the ideologies promoted carries us to the questions lying across these texts. Such consequences offer opposing viewpoints both on current Italian society and on the place of the subject in a postcolonial perspective.

Orientador: Eduardo Sterzi de Carvalho Júnior / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T13:30:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Paiva_JulianaZanettide_M.pdf: 24170742 bytes, checksum: 3d3f48b1a21422af2dcf63d63f7ccaa0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Resumo: O objetivo do nosso estudo é refletir sobre as três personagens principais da obra Os nossos antepassados como figurações alegóricas do sujeito moderno. O percurso que escolhemos percorrer foi apresentar alguns elementos sobre Calvino e a relação entre real e ficional na sua trajetória a partir do ponto de vista da crítica italiana. Em seguida, como existem várias definições e entendimentos acerca do que se pode definir por modernidade, explicitamos em quais concepões nos apoiamos neste estudo. Quanto à discussão acerca das concepções de alegoria, foi mais frutífero para nosso estudo problematizar esse conceito com base nas elaborações de Walter Benjamin. Por acharmos que a obra calviniana em análise mantém uma relação tensa com o contexto social da época de sua escrita, buscamos situar tal contexto, notadamente a especificidade da modernidade italiana, destacando alguns acontecimentos históricos na época da escrita das três histórias, com destaque para o debate sobre o neorrealismo italiano. Em seguida, apresentamos algumas das análises realizadas sobre a obra em estudo e procedemos à nossa análise. A divisão de Medardo, entendida por nós como mutilação, é relacionada aos conceitos de indivíduo concreto, particular e forma-sujeito burguesa abstrata e universal. Para nós, a dinâmica da vida social moderna é também uma dinâmica da subjetividade, em que a forma social pretende exigir dos indivíduos o constante apagamento de seus rastros de individualidade em proveito de uma forma de subjetividade geral e abstrata. Entretanto, os indivíduos concretos não são máquinas que apagam sua história de vida em proveito do social, ou seja, existem tensões que para nós são advindas dessa mutilação entre as exigências do todo social universal e a vida particular. Cosme, por sua vez, é por nós interpretado tanto como uma alegoria do sujeito moderno da Razão Instrumental com sua tendência a submeter o mundo aos imperativos da Razão quanto como uma desilusão-aporia em relação a essa racionalidade: não se sabe se Cosme está desiludido porque não conseguiu fazer o mundo ser guiado pela Razão ou porque notou na racionalização do mundo também as raízes da irracionalidade. Agilulfo nos parece uma imagem alegórica do que se poderia chamar de armadura de caráter do sujeito moderno, de uma abstração de subjetividade, pois o cavaleiro expressa a negação da individualidade do ser humano, em proveito de uma forma-sujeito apta à vida moderna, um sujeito que tem ações e pensamentos em consonância com o ritmo moderno, com a aceitação da realidade vivida sem realizar atritos com ela / Abstract: The aim of our study is to reflect on the three main characters of the work Os Nossos Antepassados as allegorical figurations of the modern subject. The route we choose to follow was to present a brief overview of Calvino and the relationship between the real and the fictional in his trajectory from the point of view of the Italian criticism. After that, as there are several definitions and understandings of what can be defined as modernity, we made explicit in which conceptions we are supported in this study. For the discussion about allegory conceptions, it was more fruitful to discuss this concept based on Walter Benjamin¿s elaborations. As we think that Calvino¿s work, in analysis here, keeps a tense relation with the social context of his writing period, we seek to situate such context, notably the specificity of Italian modernity, highlighting some historical events at that period when those three stories were written, emphasizing the debate on the Italian neorealism. Then, we present some of the performed analyzes on the work in study and proceeded to our analysis. Medardo¿s division, understood by us as mutilation, it is related to the concepts of concrete individual, particular and abstract bourgeois and universal subject-form. For us, the dynamics of modern social life is also a dynamic of the subjectivity, where the social form intendeds to require the individuals the constant erasing of their traces of individuality in favor of a form of general and abstract subjectivity. However, the concrete individuals are not machines that erase their life story for the benefit of social, i.e., there are tensions that for us come from this mutilation between the demands of the whole universal social and the private life. Cosme, in turn, is interpreted by us both as an allegory of the modern subject of the Instrumental Reason with his tendency to submit the world to the imperatives of the Reason and as a disappointment-aporia for this rationality: it is not known if Cosme is disappointed because he could not make the world be guided by the Reason or because he also noticed in the world's rationalization the roots of irrationality. Agilulfo seems an allegorical picture of what might be called the modern subject character armor, a subjectivity abstraction as the cavalryman expresses the denial of the individuality of the human being, in favor of a subject-form capable to the modern life, a subject that has actions and thoughts in line with the modern rhythm, accepting the experienced reality without making friction with it / Mestrado / Teoria e Critica Literaria / Mestra em Teoria e História Literária

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The translation and transmission of the Italian romance epics of Boiardo, Ariosto, and Tasso across linguistic and cultural boundaries also included genre reprocessing. This paper traces how Elizabethan translators and compilers of these texts tended to read epic lyrically, or to read the lyric into (and out of) the epic. For Elizabethan translators of the Italian Romance Epic—Sir John Harington, Edward Fairfax, and Robert Tofte, for example—this transmutation meant amplification or insertion of lyrical material, such as Fairfax’s enhancement of the Petrarchan subtext of the Armida Blazon in Book 4 of Gerusalemme Liberata and Robert Tofte’s injection of his own Petrarchan mistress Alba into Boiardo’s Orlando Innamorato. Another trend, demonstrated by Robert Allott’s English verse anthology Englands Parnassus (1600), involved extracting lyrical fragments from the romance epic that function as stand-alone poems.

Italian poet Vera Gherarducci published her second book, Giorno Unico (A Single Day), in 1970. This project consists of translations of 24 of these poems, a translation of the book’s introduction by Pier Paolo Pasolini, and a critical translator’s introduction. The critical introduction positions the work within the context of post-war Italian women’s poetry; explores the legacy of mental health in literature and its ties with diary writing and gender; and discusses specific translation strategies related to these issues. Giorno Unico deals extensively with themes of mental health, focusing on struggles with depression, suicidal thoughts, marital problems, and maternal anxieties. Such topics place the work in conversation with many other post-war women writers in Italy grappling with new conceptions of womanhood and the burgeoning Italian feminist movement. Themes of mental health are also expressed by the poems being written in the form of an intimate diary, though the temporal mapping is complicated by flashback and circular narration. As the title suggests, these poems come to resemble one long, never-ending day, manifesting in the recurrence of words and phrases, frequent mental health metaphors of being trapped inside, and the repetition of monotonous household work. After contextualizing the work’s primary characteristics, I then frame my own translation approach that looks to foreground the presence of mental health and preserve the characteristics of the diary form. This approach was influenced by feminist translation theorists such as Sherry Simon and Barbara Godard who challenge the monolithic nature of both source and target texts, and endorse the recovery of forgotten women writers through translation. In my principal theoretical assertion, I push against Lawrence Venuti’s discussion of the inherent violence enacted in translation, and conceive of what I term a non-lobotomizing translation approach to Giorno Unico. This framework rejects a masking of mental health in the collection, instead underscoring such taboo themes. In some cases, I choose more clinical translations of terminology to directly reference mental health discourse; in others I select more dated terms, such as “madness,” to gesture to a different framing of mental illness during the writing of Giorno Unico.

Cette thèse se propose de mette en évidence la façon dont Salvatore Quasimodo perçoit le sensible comme un tissu de « signes » qu’il apparente à des messages de l’invisible. Celui-ci les guette dans une quête spirituelle et existentielle générée par son incapacité à habiter harmonieusement le sensible, qu’il tente de combler par un rapport fusionnel à l’invisible : ses premiers poèmes s’apparentent à une solipsiste et onirique sublimation de la souffrance du « je » lyrique dont Dieu est l’interlocuteur unique, dans un dialogue où les mots sont remplacés par les signes. La seconde guerre mondiale introduit un premier changement d’indexation dans le rapport du poète au monde, l’obligeant à une redéfinition de son rapport à l’invisible et, par conséquent, au sensible. Son catholicisme se mue alors en humanisme, manifestation laïque d’une foi qui, elle, ne vacille pas. Au moment où il cesse de croire en Dieu, le poète se met à croire en l’homme. Cet élan enthousiaste est cependant de courte durée : l’homme dont Quasimodo avait rêvé de faire un héros se révèle aussi décevant que Dieu. Le poète se sent alors trahi par l’un comme par l’autre et constate avec amertume la déréliction des signes. Le dernier recueil du Sicilien, Dare e avere, introduit une ultime rupture dans son rapport au monde : celui-ci apparaît soudainement comme réconcilié avec le sensible comme avec l’invisible, dans une plénitude épiphanique. Mais ce qui pourrait à première vue apparaître comme l’accomplissement heureux d’un douloureux parcours initiatique se révèle trompeur : ces derniers recueils sont en réalité une sublimation littéraire de la terreur que ressent le poète à l’approche de la mort. / This thesis aims to show that Salvatore Quasimodo apprehends the physical​​ world as a network of signs he identifies as messages from the invisible world.  He watches out for them in a spiritual and existential quest originating in his inability to live in harmony in the physical world, which he tries to overcome by developing a close relationship with the invisible world. His early poems display the solip​si​​stic sublimation of the sufferings of the poetic voice conversing with God, words being replaced with signs. The Second World War brings about the first major adjustment in the poet's relation to the world, leading him to reconsider his relation to the invisible and, consequently, to the physical world. This is when his Catholic faith turns into a form of humanism, the non-religious expression of an unfaltering faith. As the poet stops believing in God, he starts believing in man. But this fervour does not last, as Quasimodo understands that men are just as cruel as God. The poet Now feeling betrayed by both, the poet acknowledges the dereliction of signs. His last collection, Dare e avere, displays a last alteration in his relation to the world, as he appears to be reconciled with both the physical and the invisible worlds. But what might appear as the happy outcome of a painful initiatory journey proves deceptive : the last collections of poems are actually but a way for the poet to sublimate his growing terror of approaching death.