Submitted by Fernando Souza (fernando@biblioteca.ufpb.br) on 2017-10-02T13:06:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 4311205 bytes, checksum: 0550bbf26e5ff18bb1beb0224e73f91a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-02T13:06:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 4311205 bytes, checksum: 0550bbf26e5ff18bb1beb0224e73f91a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / It is notorious the publishing market role in the book production, being this a traditional informational support to society. It is noticed that the publishing market has undergone significant changes in its production methods to add the digital publications. This research studied the national book publishing market focused on publishing companies that produce digital books, with the objective of building prospective scenarios for the digital book market in our Brazil. Integrating into its literature review, knowledge and strategic information management elements with prospective scenarios studies. For that, key variables and actors in the digital book market were identified, their respective interactions were analyzed and prospective scenarios for the digital book publishing market in Brazil were elaborated. It was characterized as bibliographic, descriptive and qualitative-quantitative research, using a questionnaire as a data collection tool. For the data analysis, this research utilized the principles and tools from Michel Godet’s Scenario Building methodology. It was evidenced that the publishing companies showed good perspectives in regard to the digital book market, however they don’t believe that in the future digital book sales will be equivalent or even surpass the printed book sales. It was found that the publishing companies are considering reformulating their publishing strategies for digital books. It indicated that the most influential variables in the publishing market are external variables: culture, economy and legislation; and that the most influential actors are also external: readers, government, school and library. Based on the bibliographic research, information collected through the questionnaire and the results generated by specific software that uses Godet’s Scenario Building Methodology for processing variables and actors, three prospective scenarios were constructed for the digital book market in Brazil: a most likely scenario, an optimistic scenario, and a pessimistic or crisis scenario as recommended in the methodology. The final result was a vision of the possible transformations that could occur in the future of this sector, promoting a prospective reflection for all the actors that are part of the digital book chain as publishers, schools, libraries, universities and readers. / É notória a função do mercado editorial quanto à produção de livros, sendo este um suporte informacional tradicional para a sociedade. Percebe-se que este mercado tem passado por mudanças significativas em suas formas de produção ao agregar o formato digital as suas publicações. Esta pesquisa estudou o mercado editorial nacional do livro com foco nas editoras que produzem livros digitais, com o objetivo de construir cenários prospectivos para o mercado de livros digitais no Brasil. Integrando em sua revisão de literatura elementos da gestão e a informação estratégica com os estudos de cenários prospectivos. Para tanto, identificou-se as variáveis-chave e os atores do mercado do livro digital, analisou suas respectivas interações e elaboraram-se os cenários prospectivos para o mercado editorial nacional do livro digital. Caracterizou-se como descritiva e bibliográfica, de abordagem qualiquanti e, como instrumento de coleta de dados, utilizou-se o questionário. Na fase de análise dos dados, utilizou como suporte os princípios e ferramentas da metodologia de cenário de Michel Godet. Evidenciou-se que as editoras apresentam boas perspectivas com relação ao mercado do livro digital, porém não acreditam que no futuro a venda do livro digital venha a se equiparar ou até mesmo superar o livro impresso. Constatou-se que as editoras cogitam reformular suas estratégias de publicação referentes ao livro digital. Indicou que as variáveis mais influentes no mercado editorial são as externas: cultura, economia e legislação e que os atores que exercem maior influência sobre este mercado também são externos: leitores, governo, escola e biblioteca. Com base nas informações obtidas por meio da pesquisa bibliográfica, do questionário e dos resultados gerados com o uso de software específicos da metodologia de cenários de Godet para o tratamento de variáveis e atores, construiu-se três cenários prospectivos para o mercado editorial nacional do livro digital, sendo estes: um cenário provável, um cenário otimista e um cenário pessimista ou de crise como recomendado pela metodologia. Apresentou-se como resultado final uma visão das possíveis transformações que poderiam vir a ocorrer no futuro deste setor, promovendo uma reflexão prospectiva para todos os atores que compõem a cadeia do livro digital, como editoras, escolas, bibliotecas, universidades e leitores.

This research focuses on clarifying the local and scientific knowledge about flooding adaptations, the interaction between local knowledge and scientific information in the low-lying area of Central Vietnam is analyzed. Data was obtained using three techniques including: semi-structured interviews, direct observation and household surveys. Responses indicate that the villagers have accumulated and inherited this type of knowledge in their society for a long time. The level of local knowledge is affected by gender, occupation and house location. This implies that the villagers’ social roles and their everyday interactions with the natural environment have nurtured an accumulated local knowledge. Scientific information is provided by the National Committee for Flood and Storm Control and National Center for Hydrometeorology Prediction. It contains information regarding disaster type, intensity, risk level and directions. The information is transferred to local people through mass media, social networks and official documents. However, local people are credulous toward scientific information given by the state. It was found that many villagers are not likely to follow the official guideline, especially the villagers with a high level of local knowledge. / Nghiên cứu tập trung làm rõ kiến thức bản địa và khoa học về thích ứng lũ lụt cũng như mối tương tác của chúng ở vùng trũng thấp miền Trung Việt Nam. Dữ liệu được thu thập bằng cách sử dụng kết hợp ba phương pháp bao gồm phỏng vấn bán cấu trúc, quan sát trực tiếp và khảo sát hộ gia đình. Các kết quả nghiên cứu chỉ ra rằng người dân đã tích lũy và kế thừa kiến thức bản địa từ xã hội của họ trong một thời gian dài. Mức độ kiến thức bản địa bị ảnh hưởng bởi giới tính, nghề nghiệp và vị trí nhà ở. Vai trò xã hội và những tương tác hàng ngày của người dân với môi trường tự nhiên đã nuôi dưỡng và tích lũy kiến thức bản địa. Thông tin khoa học được cung cấp bởi Ủy ban Phòng chống lụt bão Quốc gia và Trung tâm Dự báo Khí tượng Thủy văn Quốc gia. Các thông tin về loại thiên tai, cường độ, mức độ rủi ro và hướng chỉ dẫn được thông báo. Thông tin này được chuyển đến người dân thông qua các phương tiện thông tin đại chúng, mạng xã hội và các văn bản chính thức. Tuy nhiên, người dân địa phương chủ quan trước những thông tin khoa học do cơ quan nhà nước đưa ra. Nhiều người dân không tuân theo các hướng dẫn chính thức của chính quyền địa phương, đặc biệt là những người có mức độ kiến thức bản địa được đánh giá cao.

Uma grande quantidade de informações de projeto, provenientes de diferentes áreas, tornou-se comum na maioria das organizações. Nessas condições, há dificuldades no compartilhamento e reutilização de conhecimento, especialmente pelo fato de que este conhecimento está disponível dentro da empresa em diferentes formatos e em diferentes locais. Devido a isso, os engenheiros de projeto muitas vezes não conseguem utilizar essas informações. Assim, é importante que as empresas possam organizar e integrar o conhecimento disponível de forma colaborativa, a fim de garantir seu melhor aproveitamento. Nesse contexto, a abordagem chamada Engenharia Baseada em Conhecimento (KBE) pode ser associada. Através de conceitos KBE, a presente dissertação tem como objetivo desenvolver um sistema especialista baseado em um modelo de ontologia, que permita o armazenamento e fornecimento de informações úteis no momento certo do desenvolvimento de produtos. Tal solução deve atender às necessidades de seus usuários (i.e. projetistas), bem como melhorar a qualidade de atividades de projeto ao longo do Processo de Desenvolvimento de Produto (PDP). Para este estudo os seguintes passos foram adotados: (a) a delimitação do escopo de ação (i.e. etapas do PDP a serem definidas como foco); (b) captura do conhecimento; (c) normalização; (d) estruturação do conhecimento através de ontologias; (e) elaboração de buscas; e (f) avaliação de desempenho da solução. A presente proposta tem como finalidade facilitar o acesso à informações, reduzir o aparecimento de falhas ao longo do PDP, bem como permitir que o conhecimento adquirido possa ser utilizado em projetos subsequentes (e.g. lições aprendidas). / The large amount of available design information from different areas has become common in most organizations. Under these conditions, there are difficulties in sharing and reusing knowledge, especially by the fact that this knowledge is available within the company in different formats and locations. Due to this, design engineers often fail to use such information. To ensure a better use, it is important to organize and integrate the available knowledge in a collaborative manner. In this context, the Knowledge-based Engineering (KBE) approach can be associated. Through KBE concepts, the current study aims to develop an expert system based on an ontology model for assisting decision making, by storing and providing useful information in a timely manner. Such solution should meet the needs of its users (i.e. designers), as well as improve the quality of design activities along the Product Development Process (PDP). For this study, the following steps have been adopted: (a) delimitation of action scope (i.e. steps of PDP to be focused); (b) knowledge capture; (c) standardization; (d) knowledge structuring through ontologies; (e) building of queries; (f) evaluation of solution performance. The application of the present proposal aims to facilitate the access to information, significantly reduce the appearance of failures along the PDP, as well as allow acquired knowledge to be used in subsequent projects (e.g. lessons learned).

Submitted by Milena Rubi ( ri.bso@ufscar.br) on 2017-10-17T14:08:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 GONÇALVES_JUNIOR_Clenio_2017.pdf: 4502082 bytes, checksum: 36fad22cf5caad0d975a2df1fe5e7a55 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Milena Rubi ( ri.bso@ufscar.br) on 2017-10-17T14:08:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 GONÇALVES_JUNIOR_Clenio_2017.pdf: 4502082 bytes, checksum: 36fad22cf5caad0d975a2df1fe5e7a55 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Milena Rubi ( ri.bso@ufscar.br) on 2017-10-17T14:09:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 GONÇALVES_JUNIOR_Clenio_2017.pdf: 4502082 bytes, checksum: 36fad22cf5caad0d975a2df1fe5e7a55 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-17T14:09:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GONÇALVES_JUNIOR_Clenio_2017.pdf: 4502082 bytes, checksum: 36fad22cf5caad0d975a2df1fe5e7a55 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-06 / Não recebi financiamento / Knowledge representation process is an essential matter regarding Computer Music systems. Methods have been applied in order to provide computers with the capability to generate conclusions based on experience in specialized domains. Inductive Logic Programming is a research field which combines concepts of Logic Programming and Machine Learning. Due to its declarative feature, both acquired and produced knowledge can be presented to not-expert users in a naturally understandable way. This work deals with Music Knowledge Representation from the perspective of multi- paradigm programming, using Inductive Logic Programming technique and including the development of the knowledge-based music system Fraseado. Finally, a method for the evaluation of algorithmic composition systems - the Expanded Turing Test - is presented. / O processo de representação de conhecimento em Computação Musical constitui um elemento essencial para o desenvolvimento de sistemas. Métodos têm sido aplicados visando fornecer ao computador a capacidade de inferir informações a partir da experiência e definições previamente estabelecidas. Neste sentido, a Programação Lógica Indutiva apresenta-se como um crescente campo de pesquisa que incorpora conceitos de Programação em Lógica e Aprendizado de Máquina. O presente trabalho aborda a Representação de Conhecimento Musical sob a ótica da programação multiparadigma, com uso da técnica de Programação Lógica Indutiva. Inclui o desenvolvimento do sistema musical baseado em conhecimento Fraseado. Por fim é apresentado um método para avaliação de sistemas de composição algorítmica - o Teste de Turing Expandido.

<p align="justify">In real life it is very often the case that the available knowledge is imperfect in the sense that it represents multiple possible states of the external world, yet it is unknown which state corresponds to the actual situation of the world. Imperfect knowledge can be of two different categories. Knowledge is incomplete if it represents different states, one of which is true in the external world. On the contrary, knowledge is uncertain if it represents different states which may be satisfied or are likely to be true in the external world.</p><p><p align="justify">Imperfect knowledge can be considered under two different perspectives: using either an algebraic or a logical approach. We present both approaches in relation with the standard relational model, providing the necessary background for the subsequent development.</p><p><p align="justify">The study of imperfect knowledge has been an active area of research, in particular in the context of relational databases. However, due to the complexity of manipulating imperfect knowledge, little practical results have been obtained so far. In this thesis we provide a survey of the field of incompleteness and uncertainty in relational databases;it can be used also as an introductory tutorial for understanding the intuitive semantics and the problems encountered when representing and manipulating such imperfect knowledge. The survey concentrates in giving an unifying presentation of the different approaches and results found in the literature, thus providing a state of the art in the field.</p><p><p align="justify">The rest of the thesis studies in detail the manipulation of one type of incomplete knowledge, namely disjunctive information, and one type of uncertain knowledge, namely probabilistic information. We study both types of imperfect knowledge using similar approaches, that is through an algebraic and a logical framework. The relational algebra operators are generalized for disjunctive and probabilistic relations, and we prove the correctness of these generalizations. In addition, disjunctive and probabilistic databases are formalized using appropriate logical theories and we give sound and complete query evaluation algorithms.</p><p><p align="justify">A major implication of these studies is the conviction that viewing incompleteness and uncertainty as different facets of the same problem would allow to achieve a deeper understanding of imperfect knowledge, which is absolutely necessary for building information systems capable of modeling complex real-life situations. </p> / Doctorat en sciences, Spécialisation Informatique / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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This research aimed to design a support system to facilitate the decisionmaking process in terms of selecting the acceptance of Integrated ICT (Information and Communication Technology) Laboratory assistants using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) methods. The AHP method was used for the process of determining the weight of each criterion determined from the Integrated ICT Laboratory, Budi Luhur University, while the TOPSIS method was used to determine the ranking based on the calculated values. The method used in this research was the waterfall method consisting of 4 stages, including the needs analysis stage, design, testing and implementation. For testing, User Interface Testing was used which aimed to determine whether the functionality of interface elements such as buttons and hyperlinks contained on each page was working properly. In addition, validation testing was also carried out which aims to determine whether the validations in the system had been running well. The results showed that the decision support system designed using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method had been tested to determine the weight of each criterion needed in the assistant selection process, it was attendance with 0.284, Competence 0.143, Project 0.414, Hardware 0.089 and interview with 0.070. Meanwhile, the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) was able to determine the ranking based on the results of calculating the criteria values for each assistant candidate and the 2 people who occupied the top rankings were declared to have passed the selection. The test results showed that all system elements functioned as designed.

Growing issues such as climate crises, social injustice and neglection of basic human rights have created a new type of consumption, namely ethical consumption. Ethical consumption was initially mainly concerned for environmental issues but has in later years starting to include a variety of pressing issues. Ethical consumption was also initially mainly connected to groups of extremists, but with the increasing availability of ethical products in mainstream outlets, ethical consumption has shifted to be a mainstream consumer game. Mainstream ethical consumption has largely been neglected in previous research where the field is lacking knowledge in form of qualitative behavioral data. Departing from the gap, this study will mainly focus on exploring the motives for ethical consumption in the mainstream consumer segment. We will examine several driving forces in form of altruistic-based motives, egoistic-based motives, and non-value-based motives. However, in order to give this an additional dimension we also want to examine the level of morality of ethical consumption by using five ethical theories. This approach has been overlooked in previous ethical consumption research and it will question the basic assumption that ethical consumption is the morally correct thing to do. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore the motivational factors for ethical consumption and through the lens of ethical theories examine the level of morality of this behavior. In order to fulfill this purpose we have conducted a qualitative study within the context of organic groceries in the Swedish market. Organic groceries is a branch of ethical consumption that few studies has examined before, and that applies especially to the Swedish market. 14 mainstream consumers have been interviewed were all of these were frequent buyers of organic groceries. The interviews were conducted in a semi-structured fashion which was then analyzed by the use of thematic analysis. Furthermore, the study was guided by an exploratory inductive approach where subjectivity played a significant part. The results show that ethical consumption is driven by altruistic-based motives in form of social justice, where consumer want their consumption to benefit other. However, it is far from the only motive because ethical consumers are equally driven by egoistic motives. The result show that consumers are driven strongly by the sense of self- satisfaction created by the force of social norms, health and wellbeing, and product quality. This duality of motives creates a paradoxical tension in form of a win-win situation where the consumers strive for both the benefit of self as well as the benefit of others. Furthermore, ethical consumption is driven by habitual behavior where the consumers rely much on mental shortcuts in their purchases. Consumers are also not well- informed about ethical products and labels and therefore rely heavily on mythical benefits. In addition, when examining the level of morality of ethical consumption we can conclude that it is on level between mediocre to high. From a consequentialist and a non- consequentialist perspective the level of morality is fairly high, but from a character-based perspective the morality stumbles.

A adaptação dos sistemas tradicionais de ensino presencial para o ambiente de ensino a distância introduz diversas mudanças na práxis escolar. Com a ausência do contato direto entre educador e educandos, surge a necessidade de utilização de artefatos tecnológicos que substituam a interação direta. O fórum de discussão é um desses artefatos tecnológicos. Ele possui a característica de ser um elemento catalisador da comunicação entre os envolvidos e pode ser um importante instrumento no processo educacional. Contudo, a natureza não estruturada das mensagens textuais de um fórum dificulta o seu uso como instrumento na avaliação individual do aluno. A análise e qualificação do conteúdo das mensagens armazenadas em um fórum representa um grande desafio para o instrutor. A ausência de uma estrutura formal de representação dos conceitos, crenças e idéias dos alunos poderia ser apontado como um dos elementos que contribuem para esse desafio. A proposta desta pesquisa é o desenvolvimento de um modelo que permita a estruturação e representação das mensagens de um fórum. Essa estruturação considera três aspectos da mensagem: i) os conceitos apresentados, ii) quem os apresentou e finalmente iii) quando esses conceitos foram apresentados. Para validar esse modelo, um programa de computador foi desenvolvido e testado em um fórum do ambiente virtual Moodle. O conceitos desenvolvidos para o Modelo de Estruturação e Representação das Mensagens do Fórum foram utilizados no desenvolvimento desse programa de computador. Por meio desse modelo de estruturação e representação das mensagens, um mapa ou guia é gerado. Esse mapa ou guia pode ser acessado pelo professor ou instrutor. Esse novo recurso desenvolvido, pode ser utilizado como uma ferramenta de apoio à análise ou avaliação do fórum do ambiente Moodle como um todo ou de cada participação individual do aluno. / The traditional learning practices adaptation to the distance learning introduces several changes in school practice. Since in distance learning the direct contact between educators and students does not exist, new technological artifacts become necessary in order to replace direct interaction. One of these artifacts is the discussion forum, which works as a catalyzer element of the communication between involved ones and can be an important tool in the educational process. Nevertheless, non-structured nature of text messages on a forum hampers its use as a tool in individual student assessment. Analysis and qualification of message contents stored on a forum represents an important challenge for instructors. The absence of a formal representation of concepts, ideas and beliefs from students could be designated as one of the factors that make this challenge even harder. This research proposes the development of a model that allows the messages on a forum can be structured and represented. This structuration considers three message aspects: i) presented concepts, ii) who has presented it, and iii) when concepts have been presented. As a means to validate this model, a computer program was developed and tested in a Moodle virtual environment forum. The concepts developed to the Structuration and Representation of the Forum Messages Model were used on this computer program development. Through the use of this model a map or guide is generated. This map or guide can be accessed by the professor or instructor. This new feature can be used as a support tool to analysis or evaluation of a Moodle forum environment.

A adaptação dos sistemas tradicionais de ensino presencial para o ambiente de ensino a distância introduz diversas mudanças na práxis escolar. Com a ausência do contato direto entre educador e educandos, surge a necessidade de utilização de artefatos tecnológicos que substituam a interação direta. O fórum de discussão é um desses artefatos tecnológicos. Ele possui a característica de ser um elemento catalisador da comunicação entre os envolvidos e pode ser um importante instrumento no processo educacional. Contudo, a natureza não estruturada das mensagens textuais de um fórum dificulta o seu uso como instrumento na avaliação individual do aluno. A análise e qualificação do conteúdo das mensagens armazenadas em um fórum representa um grande desafio para o instrutor. A ausência de uma estrutura formal de representação dos conceitos, crenças e idéias dos alunos poderia ser apontado como um dos elementos que contribuem para esse desafio. A proposta desta pesquisa é o desenvolvimento de um modelo que permita a estruturação e representação das mensagens de um fórum. Essa estruturação considera três aspectos da mensagem: i) os conceitos apresentados, ii) quem os apresentou e finalmente iii) quando esses conceitos foram apresentados. Para validar esse modelo, um programa de computador foi desenvolvido e testado em um fórum do ambiente virtual Moodle. O conceitos desenvolvidos para o Modelo de Estruturação e Representação das Mensagens do Fórum foram utilizados no desenvolvimento desse programa de computador. Por meio desse modelo de estruturação e representação das mensagens, um mapa ou guia é gerado. Esse mapa ou guia pode ser acessado pelo professor ou instrutor. Esse novo recurso desenvolvido, pode ser utilizado como uma ferramenta de apoio à análise ou avaliação do fórum do ambiente Moodle como um todo ou de cada participação individual do aluno. / The traditional learning practices adaptation to the distance learning introduces several changes in school practice. Since in distance learning the direct contact between educators and students does not exist, new technological artifacts become necessary in order to replace direct interaction. One of these artifacts is the discussion forum, which works as a catalyzer element of the communication between involved ones and can be an important tool in the educational process. Nevertheless, non-structured nature of text messages on a forum hampers its use as a tool in individual student assessment. Analysis and qualification of message contents stored on a forum represents an important challenge for instructors. The absence of a formal representation of concepts, ideas and beliefs from students could be designated as one of the factors that make this challenge even harder. This research proposes the development of a model that allows the messages on a forum can be structured and represented. This structuration considers three message aspects: i) presented concepts, ii) who has presented it, and iii) when concepts have been presented. As a means to validate this model, a computer program was developed and tested in a Moodle virtual environment forum. The concepts developed to the Structuration and Representation of the Forum Messages Model were used on this computer program development. Through the use of this model a map or guide is generated. This map or guide can be accessed by the professor or instructor. This new feature can be used as a support tool to analysis or evaluation of a Moodle forum environment.