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This thesis was prompted by the belief that local residential streets could be better used and serviced if a common underground structure were provided for all utilities. Such a structure could not only get wiring underground, a desirable aim in itself, but also gather all of the utilities together in a narrow portion of the street. This would free the remainder of the street from the restrictions imposed by the utilities, and allow designers to create more interesting and pleasant environments. It was further believed that such structures might be feasible if the designing and servicing of local streets were considered comprehensively. These beliefs have been investigated by formulating and testing the general hypotheses that installing utilities in specially designed underground structures in local residential streets would: a) permit better use and design of such streets than is possible by current servicing practices; b) be feasible (from functional, physical, social, staging, administrative, political, financial, and economic points of view) if comprehensively designed. The scope of this investigation has been limited to future local streets in single-family residential districts of Metropolitan Vancouver for these reasons. Future streets would allow maximum flexibility in design and savings in servicing costs by proposed practices. Local streets generally have simpler and smaller-sized facilities which are most widely spread. Single-family residential districts are and will be the largest land use and hence, have the most increase in streets. Metropolitan Vancouver has been studied because of its proximity and familiarity to the investigator and its variety of servicing practices. Street use is the use made of streets including such ones as playing not currently facilitated. The 'servicement' is that part of the physical environment created by property service facilities in the streets. Property services are those public services providing service to property as distinct from people. Current practice is the ways of designing and installing facilities followed at the present time. The term 'better' in the first hypothesis is interpreted in terms of elements of the public interest. These include public health, safety, convenience, amenity, welfare, and economy. Criteria of feasibility have been established for the evaluation of the proposed practices. These include functional, physical, social staging, administrative, political, functional, and economic feasibility. They are essentially different ways of looking at a complex problem. [ ... ] / Applied Science, Faculty of / Community and Regional Planning (SCARP), School of / Graduate

In this work, the accurate representation of transmission lines for the digital simulation of electromagnetic transients in power systems has been examined. A model has been developed that accounts for the frequency dependence and distributed nature of the line parameters over the entire frequency range. This model can easily be incorporated into a time-domain network solution of the complete power system. The model consists simply of a constant resistence in parallel with a current source evaluated at each time step of the solution. The equivalent resistance results from a finite-step-width discretization of the differential equations of a resistance-capacitance (R-C) network that simulates the line characteristic impedance. The equivalent current source accounts for the time delays and attenuations of the different frequency components of the travelling waves and for the discretization of the time-domain equations. Rational-function approximations are used to synthesize the R-C network and the line propagation ("weighting") function in the frequency domain. These rational approximations allow the corresponding time-domain functions to be obtained directly in a closed-form, thus circumventing the need for numerical inverse Fourier transformations. The numerical technique used to obtain the rational functions yields very accurate, high-order approximations. This technique is based on a direct, step-by-step allocation (and reallocation) of poles and zeros and avoids the instability problems which can be encountered with optimization techniques based on search methods. A series of analytical evaluations and simulation tests were performed in order to assess the validity of the model. The results of these tests show that the model is accurate, fast, and reliable. The model was incorporated into the code of the University of British Columbia's version of Dr. H.W. Dommel's Electromagnetic Transients Program (EMTP). i / Applied Science, Faculty of / Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of / Graduate

Overhead electrical transmission lines vibrate due to the action of a prevailing wind. These cable vibrations can be classified into two categories— high-frequency and low-frequency. The high-frequency vibrations, "aeolian" vibrations or "singing wires," is a low-amplitude phenomenon. It has been largely controlled with the use of various mechanical dampers [l, 2],

Freezing rainstorms coupled with moderate winds have often been observed to cause telephone lines and power transmission cables to begin bouncing up and down. This slow frequency high amplitude oscillation, or galloping as it is sometimes called, can build up to large amplitudes before the oscillation either damps out or persists at some constant amplitude. It has been reported by Edwards and Livingston [1] that the amplitude of galloping on transmission lines has been as large as forty feet. Galloping oscillations occur at relatively low frequencies; from .1 to 1 Hz. [1] near the natural frequency of the suspended cable.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Today we know that there are several different types of breast cancer. Accurate identification breast cancer subtype is extremely important in treating this disease effectively. Consequently the process of invtro development of drugs to treat this disease should be naturally subtype specific. Until now several studies have identified multiple breast cancer cell lines and these cell lines have served as invaluable invitro tumor models. However very few of these cell lines are classified as per their subtypes. In this thesis an effort is made to classify 59 of such breast cancer cell lines using genetic profile comparison approach. This approach is based on comparing characteristic features such as copy number and gene expression of a given cell line to those observed from the tissue samples of different breast subtypes. The tissue data for this comparison comes from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) while cell line data is taken from Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE).

This research is devoted to an investigation on the attractive width of high voltage transmission lines to lightning strikes. In order to design the optimal lightning protection, the estimated number of lightning flashes on the line, which is based on its attractive width, needs to be determined. The investigation was performed using experiments with model tests at the Mississippi State University High Voltage Laboratory. For laboratory experiments, a total of 2,100 negative and positive switching impulse voltages were applied to transmission line models from a conducting rod, which represented a lightning downward leader. Different tested models of transmission lines on a scale of 1:100 were used. The effects of overhead ground wires, phase conductors, tower structures, and the magnitude and polarity of lightning strokes were also studied. The attractive width increased gradually with the height of overhead ground wires and towers as well as the magnitude of the lightning stroke current. Impulse polarity had an impact on the attractive width, and the attractive width for negative polarity was larger than that for positive polarity. The taller tower had more effect on flash distribution to transmission lines than the shorter one. The experimental results agree with the actual transmission line observations published in literature. The new expressions for the attractive width of transmission lines, based on the experimental results, were established. The accurate estimation of the attractive width can help electric power utilities plan transmission systems reliably and economically. The detailed description of the background problem, proposed method, experimental results, and analysis are presented in this dissertation.

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