Submitted by PPG Letras (letraspg@pucrs.br) on 2018-02-22T12:55:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O_Graziella.pdf: 3225430 bytes, checksum: 2dddb2cb19affaa83f3cf1b4b53c66e0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2018-02-26T19:12:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O_Graziella.pdf: 3225430 bytes, checksum: 2dddb2cb19affaa83f3cf1b4b53c66e0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-26T19:15:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O_Graziella.pdf: 3225430 bytes, checksum: 2dddb2cb19affaa83f3cf1b4b53c66e0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-19 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The object of our scrutiny is one humorous-prejudiced sketch broadcast by the television channel Multishow, which can, alternatively, also be viewed via internet and all digital means at our disposal, such as smart phone apps, tablets, etc. We chose as the theme of our research the television show called 220 Volts, which aired 5 seasons, from 2011 to 2016. More specifically, we will work with one sketch (season 2, episode 9) by the character entitled Senhora dos Absurdos (Lady of Absurd, in a free translation). We can see in this character's speech all sorts of prejudice. She speaks against indians, black people, the obese, illiterates, elders and homosexuals, among other minorities. We will focus our attention particularly on the prejudice against women, men, indians and black people. Considering the relation between humor and prejudice found in Senhora dos Absurdos, our research question, therefore, is: how the discourse of a sketch which is considered humorous-prejudiced can create meaning relations towards a possible social critic? Our objective is to observe how discourses as found in the sketch which consists our corpus, besides aiming to be comical, can be used to legitimate social exclusion, even though they seek to promote a potential social critic. As an analytical bias, we will make use of the theory postulated by the Bakhtin Circle, especially with regard to the notions of dialogism, utterance, sociocultural voices, ideological sign, and genres of discourse. The Bakhtnian theory, along with notions coming from connected areas (such as humor, prejudice, intolerance and stereotypes) will provide us with the basis to answer the question above. The present research is in consonance with the methodological propositions presented by Voloch?nov in Marxism and Philosophy of Language ([1929] 2017, p. 220), observing the inevitable relation among utterance, genres of discourse and the discursive communication spheres, as to perceive the complex dialogical construction of meanings in the humorous-prejudiced discourse. As a result, we hope that, with our study, we can contribute to the understanding of humor and prejudice as a social critic, evidencing the various clashes of sociocultural voices that are engendered in the particular discourse chosen as the object of this research. / Consiste em objeto de nosso escrut?nio um esquete humor?stico-preconceituoso veiculado pelo canal de televis?o Multishow, mas que, de forma alternativa, tamb?m pode ser assistido via internet e outros meios digitais que se encontram ? disposi??o do telespectador (aplicativo de celular, tablete etc.). Elegemos para reflex?o nesta pesquisa um esquete do programa televisivo chamado 220 Volts, que foi ao ar em 5 temporadas, de 2011 a 2016. Mais especificamente, trabalharemos com um esquete da personagem intitulada Senhora dos Absurdos (temporada 2, epis?dio 9). Percebe-se na fala dessa personagem preconceito contra, dentre outros, ?ndios, negros, obesos, analfabetos, idosos e homossexuais. Considerando a rela??o entre humor e preconceito em a Senhora dos Absurdos, procuramos desenvolver a seguinte quest?o norteadora: como o discurso de um esquete considerado humor?sticopreconceituoso pode criar rela??es de sentido voltadas para uma poss?vel cr?tica social? Assim, temos como objetivo tratar do preconceito voltado contra a mulher, o homem, o ?ndio e o negro, buscando observar como discursos como o encontrado no esquete em quest?o, al?m de procurarem promover o humor, podem servir como legitima??o para a exclus?o, ainda que busquem apresentar uma poss?vel cr?tica social. Quanto ao referencial te?rico, esta pesquisa respalda-se nos estudos do C?rculo de Bakhtin, principalmente no que tange a no??es como dialogismo, enunciado, vozes socioculturais, signo ideol?gico e g?neros do discurso. Esse aporte te?rico, junto a no??es de ?reas conexas que tratam de humor, preconceito, intoler?ncia e estere?tipos, fornecem embasamento para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa. No que se refere ? metodologia, a presente reflex?o segue as orienta??es de Voloch?nov ([1929] 2017, p. 220), quanto ? observa??o da indissoci?vel rela??o entre enunciado, g?nero do discurso e esfera de comunica??o discursiva, de modo a observar a complexa constru??o dial?gica de sentidos no discurso humor?stico-preconceituoso. Com os resultados da pesquisa, esperamos contribuir para a compreens?o do humor que tematiza o preconceito com vistas ? cr?tica social, tendo em vista os diversos embates de vozes socioculturais que se engendram no discurso focalizado.

Submitted by PPG Letras (letraspg@pucrs.br) on 2018-03-07T13:16:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O_SAMLA.pdf: 842743 bytes, checksum: ed530d173e5afdd37b1fde2d115ea526 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2018-03-08T14:42:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O_SAMLA.pdf: 842743 bytes, checksum: ed530d173e5afdd37b1fde2d115ea526 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-08T14:46:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O_SAMLA.pdf: 842743 bytes, checksum: ed530d173e5afdd37b1fde2d115ea526 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-01-18 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / The present study aims to analyse the use of memory, especially of family memory, in the novel Vermelho (2003), from the portuguese writer Mafalda Ivo Cruz. In it, the narrator protagonist, Tito, seeks to recover the genealogy of his family, resulting in a narrative marked by a form that largely reflects the discourse of memory, a theme dear to the author's work. Thus, the theoretical reference used here mainly consists of memory theorists such as Henri Bergson, Maurice Halbwachs, Paul Ricoeur, Aleida Assmann and J?el Candau. Besides that, we resorted to texts from narratology to support the reading of the novel, especially in what concerns the construction of the narrator. From the analysis performed, one can see that, contrary to what is expected of a memory narrative, that is, an organization of the past in a coherent and temporally linear whole, Tito transmits the family's past into a construction that reflects his disturbed mind. The chaos is also a reflection of the fact that the family history in evidence is full of gaps and silences that are often fictionally filled by its members, especially the manipulation elaborated by M?rio, the stepfather, the main responsible for the oral transmission of events to Tito. Ultimately, the objects of the family archive, in addition to being suspected of falsehood, may have been selected arbitrarily to serve the protagonist's purposes. Therefore, the narrator ends by, rather than reconstituting, founding a memory of the family, but the result is problematic, once Tito is not a reliable narrator. / Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o aproveitamento da mem?ria, especialmente da mem?ria familiar, no romance Vermelho (2003), da escritora portuguesa Mafalda Ivo Cruz. Nele, o protagonista narrador, Tito, procura recuperar a genealogia de sua fam?lia, do que resulta uma narrativa marcada por uma forma que reflete, em grande parte, o discurso da mem?ria, tema caro ? obra da autora. Sendo assim, o referencial te?rico utilizado consiste, principalmente, em te?ricos que tratam da mem?ria, tais como Henri Bergson, Maurice Halbwachs, Paul Ricoeur, Aleida Assmann e J?el Candau. Al?m disso, recorremos a textos da narratologia para embasar a leitura do romance, principalmente no que tange ? constru??o do narrador. Da an?lise realizada, pode-se perceber que, ao contr?rio do que se espera de uma narrativa de mem?ria, isto ?, uma organiza??o do passado em um todo coerente e temporalmente linear, Tito transmite o passado da fam?lia em uma constru??o que reflete sua mente perturbada. A caoticidade ? tamb?m reflexo do fato de a hist?ria familiar em jogo ser repleta de lacunas e de sil?ncios que s?o preenchidos n?o raro ficcionalmente pelos seus membros, destacando-se a manipula??o elaborada por M?rio, o padrasto, principal respons?vel pela transmiss?o oral dos eventos a Tito. Por fim, os objetos do arquivo familiar, al?m de serem suspeitos de falsidade, podem ter sido selecionados arbitrariamente para servir aos fins do protagonista. Assim, o narrador acaba por, mais que reconstituir, fundar uma mem?ria da fam?lia, mas o resultado ? problem?tico, uma vez que Tito n?o se mostra um narrador confi?vel.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:58:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Denise Gomes Lima.pdf: 736966 bytes, checksum: 2df9489efe97ffed57f028f5ad83cc1a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-25 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The objective of this research is to reflect on the female in existentialism poems by Cecilia Meireles cecilianos analysis of poetic texts that seeks to understand some fundamental aspects of the manifestation of existentialism in Ceciliana work. To achieve this goal, we propose the following questions: a refined and uneasy feeling about the other leads to life and poetry of Cecilia Meireles to the philosophical aspect of existentialism; awareness of finitude and human frailty, treated with extreme sensitivity implies the female character of his poetry , the lyrical poet-subjective engagement with the things you see, oblivious to time, sometimes the space, demonstrating their passive character before the events, however, the act of thinking about them makes this passivity is also a activity. From these reflections, the poet develops his inquiries about his being and his place as a woman. Based research in relation to the concept of existentialism, the thought of Soren Kierkeggard and Jean Paul Sartre, about the concept of feminine, use texts Ana Cristina Cesar, Jacicarla Souza Da Silva, Fernanda Queiroz Ribeiro de Oliveira, Norma Telles and Guacira Lopes Louro. Among the search results, we emphasize that the different faces of the female existentialism found in the poems of Cecilia Meireles allow us to observe the peculiarities not only gender, but also their own way of understanding literary creation as the result of a new possibility of contact and ( re) familiarize yourself / O objetivo desta pesquisa é refletir sobre o existencialismo feminino em poemas de Cecília Meireles por meio da análise dos textos poéticos cecilianos em que se procura compreender alguns aspectos fundamentais da manifestação do existencialismo na obra ceciliana. Para atingir tal objetivo, propomos as seguintes questões: um sentimento refinado e inquieto sobre o outro e a vida conduz a poesia de Cecília Meireles à vertente filosófica do existencialismo; a consciência da finitude e da fragilidade humana, tratada com sensibilidade extrema, implica o caráter feminino de sua poesia; o envolvimento lírico-subjetivo da poeta com as coisas que vê, alheio ao tempo, ora ao espaço, evidencia seu caráter passivo diante dos acontecimentos; no entanto, o ato de refletir sobre elas faz com que essa passividade seja também uma atividade. A partir dessas reflexões, a poeta elabora suas indagações sobre seu ser e seu lugar enquanto mulher. Fundamenta a pesquisa, em relação ao conceito de existencialismo, o pensamento de Soren Kierkeggard e Jean Paul Sartre; acerca do conceito de feminino, utilizamos os textos de Ana Cristina Cesar, Jacicarla Souza Da Silva, Fernanda Ribeiro Queiroz de Oliveira, Norma Telles e Guacira Lopes Louro. Entre os resultados da pesquisa, ressaltamos que, as diferentes faces do existencialismo feminino encontradas nos poemas de Cecília Meireles nos permitem observar as peculiaridades não só de gênero, mas também uma forma própria de compreender a criação literária, como fruto de uma nova possibilidade de contato e de (re) conhecimento de si mesmo

Submitted by PPG Letras (letraspg@pucrs.br) on 2018-03-12T12:57:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o_Caroline Borges.pdf: 1554644 bytes, checksum: c645f4989ffd1294a82e958c56660ee0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Tatiana Lopes (tatiana.lopes@pucrs.br) on 2018-03-16T12:08:07Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o_Caroline Borges.pdf: 1554644 bytes, checksum: c645f4989ffd1294a82e958c56660ee0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-16T12:13:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o_Caroline Borges.pdf: 1554644 bytes, checksum: c645f4989ffd1294a82e958c56660ee0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-01-11 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / This master's thesis aims to contribute to the psycholinguistic studies regarding the relationship between the reading objective and the process of reading comprehension, investigating how the reading comprehension process of high school students varies as their learning objectives are also changed. Associated with other reading variables, such as the reader's previous knowledge and the properties of the read text, the reading objectives are responsible for conducting the comprehension process. In this way, the characteristics of this process are evidenced (Kato, 1999; Giasson, 2000; Sol?, 1998; Smith, 2003), being understood as an important cognitive activity that includes comprehension, reading procedures, strategies of reading and linguistic awareness. The sample of the study was composed of 91 subjects (1st year high school students) from a public school in Porto Alegre. A single text was selected - from which a survey of students' previous knowledge regarding their subject was carried out - and three different tasks were suggested for students before reading (a task for each group of students). Each group then had a different reading objective to be achieved (group 1/ reading objective 1: produce a summary, group 2/reading objective 2: searching a specific information, group 3/reading objective 3: proposing solutions to the problems exposed in the text). Soon after, the students responded to a verbal protocol through which they explained the procedures they performed to develop the task and expressed their level of linguistic awareness about the activity performed. Thus, the changes that occurred during this process due to the different objectives could be verified through the explanations given by the subjects. The results showed: positive correlation between previous knowledge and reading comprehension in all reading objectives; comprehension by reading the full text in objectives 1, 2 and 3; help of re-reading the text in the understanding in objective 2 (inverse in objective 3); assistance of support in various segments of the text in the understanding in objective 1 (inverse in objectives 2 and 3); positive correlation between comprehension and linguistic awareness in all reading objectives. These results confirm that the reading objectives influence the comprehension process as they show that different procedures were adopted for each objective, as well as contributing in different ways to the comprehension. / Esta disserta??o de mestrado tem como objetivo geral contribuir para os estudos psicolingu?sticos no que se refere ? rela??o entre o objetivo de leitura e o processo de compreens?o leitora, investigando como o processo de compreens?o leitora de alunos de Ensino M?dio varia ? medida que seus objetivos de leitura tamb?m s?o alterados. Associados a outras vari?veis de leitura, tais como os conhecimentos pr?vios do leitor e as propriedades do texto lido, os objetivos de leitura s?o respons?veis pela condu??o do processo de compreens?o. Diante disso, ? necess?rio que as caracter?sticas desse processo sejam evidenciadas (Kato, 1999; Giasson, 2000; Sol?, 1998; Smith, 2003), sendo entendido como uma importante atividade cognitiva que abrange a pr?pria compreens?o, os procedimentos de leitura, as estrat?gias de leitura e a consci?ncia lingu?stica. Constitu?ram a amostra da pesquisa 91 sujeitos (alunos de 1? ano de Ensino M?dio) de uma escola p?blica estadual de Porto Alegre. Um ?nico texto foi selecionado ? a partir do qual foi realizado um levantamento dos conhecimentos pr?vios dos alunos em rela??o ao seu tema ? e tr?s tarefas diferentes foram sugeridas para os alunos antes da leitura (uma tarefa para cada grupo de alunos). Cada grupo, ent?o, tinha um objetivo de leitura diferente a ser alcan?ado (grupo 1/objetivo de leitura 1: elaborar um resumo; grupo 2/objetivo de leitura 2: buscar uma informa??o espec?fica; grupo 3/objetivo de leitura 3: propor solu??es para os problemas abordados no texto). Logo ap?s, os alunos responderam a um protocolo verbal atrav?s do qual explicaram os procedimentos que realizaram para desenvolver a tarefa e expressaram seu n?vel de consci?ncia lingu?stica sobre a atividade realizada. Assim, as altera??es que ocorreram durante esse processo em virtude dos objetivos distintos puderam ser verificadas atrav?s das explica??es dadas pelos sujeitos. Os resultados mostraram: correla??o positiva entre conhecimentos pr?vios e compreens?o leitora em todos os objetivos de leitura; benef?cio da compreens?o pela leitura do texto completo nos objetivos 1, 2 e 3; aux?lio da releitura do texto na compreens?o no objetivo 2 (inverso no objetivo 3); aux?lio do apoio em v?rios segmentos do texto na compreens?o no objetivo 1 (inverso nos objetivos 2 e 3); correla??o positiva entre compreens?o e consci?ncia lingu?stica em todos os objetivos de leitura. Tais resultados confirmam que os objetivos de leitura influenciam no processo de compreens?o ? medida que mostram que diferentes procedimentos foram adotados para cada objetivo, assim como contribu?ram de formas diferentes para a compreens?o.

Submitted by PPG Letras (letraspg@pucrs.br) on 2018-03-14T11:43:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o _Diego Marques Figueira.pdf: 776993 bytes, checksum: 34e4ba2b070690596d44c9ac154f0032 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Tatiana Lopes (tatiana.lopes@pucrs.br) on 2018-03-21T12:39:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o _Diego Marques Figueira.pdf: 776993 bytes, checksum: 34e4ba2b070690596d44c9ac154f0032 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-21T12:44:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o _Diego Marques Figueira.pdf: 776993 bytes, checksum: 34e4ba2b070690596d44c9ac154f0032 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-01-11 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Not by far the exclusive interest of sports journalists, football has always been part of the imagination of national writers. Chronicles about this sport are a fundamental part of both its history and that of national journalism and literature. At the same time literary genre and journalism, the chronicle, ephemeral on newspaper pages, only seems perishable when dealing with a matter as mundane as football. Perhaps its ephemerality is what makes it great. For more than a century the football chronicle informs and amuses, analyzes and entertains and thus approaches itself from people and captivates the reader ? possibly more than necessary news about finance or an educational novel. This dissertation presents and analyzes the trajectory of the football chronicle in newspapers and magazines (also in electronic media) in Brazil ever since those texts were journalistic and opinionated until they came to be considered literature. The main theoretical source of this dissertation is the theory of the chronicle and its exercise as everyday literature, here applied to football, creating a Brazilian subgenre, essentially. It is the perenniality of this type of text and the evolution of its style this work will analyze. By showing different chronicles from different times, it is intended to show how this kind of chronicle was affected by the passage of time and the development of the media in which it was developed. / Nem de longe objeto de interesse exclusivo de jornalistas esportivos, o futebol sempre fez parte do imagin?rio de escritores nacionais. Cr?nicas sobre este esporte s?o parte fundamental tanto de sua hist?ria quanto da do jornalismo e da literatura nacionais. Ao mesmo tempo g?nero liter?rio e jornalismo, a cr?nica, ef?mera quando nas p?ginas dos jornais, apenas parece perec?vel ao tratar de um assunto t?o mundano quanto o futebol. Talvez justamente sua efemeridade a fa?a grandiosa. Porque durante mais de s?culo a cr?nica de futebol informa e diverte, analisa e entret?m e, assim, aproxima-se do povo, cativa o leitor ? possivelmente mais do que uma necess?ria not?cia sobre finan?as ou do que um educativo romance. Esta disserta??o apresenta e analisa a trajet?ria da cr?nica de futebol em jornais e revistas (inclusive eletr?nicas) no Brasil desde quando os textos eram jornal?sticos, opinativos, at? quando passaram a ser considerados tamb?m literatura. A principal fonte te?rica desta disserta??o ? a teoria da cr?nica e seu exerc?cio como a literatura do cotidiano, aqui aplicada ao assunto futebol, criando um subg?nero essencialmente brasileiro. ? a perenidade desse tipo de texto e a evolu??o de seu estilo que este trabalho analisar?. Ao mostrar diferentes cr?nicas de diferentes ?pocas pretende mostrar como este tipo de cr?nica foi afetado pela passagem do tempo e pelo desenvolvimento das m?dias nas quais se desenvolveu.

Submitted by PPG Letras (letraspg@pucrs.br) on 2018-03-26T20:14:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE_JAILSON ROG?RIO GOMES.pdf: 3123154 bytes, checksum: 1e3f9418245ecb0a193228795a232323 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Tatiana Lopes (tatiana.lopes@pucrs.br) on 2018-04-04T12:31:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE_JAILSON ROG?RIO GOMES.pdf: 3123154 bytes, checksum: 1e3f9418245ecb0a193228795a232323 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-04T12:35:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE_JAILSON ROG?RIO GOMES.pdf: 3123154 bytes, checksum: 1e3f9418245ecb0a193228795a232323 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-01-18 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The proficiency in reading and understanding texts longed for the Elementary and High School Brazilian senior students of Brazilian Portuguese has not been reached yet, in fact, it seems quite distant of the standards established by the main international organizations like the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, WEF (World Economic Forum) and PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment). On this approach, the purpose of this thesis is to check the possible contributions the Linguistic Semantics can offer when it comes to choosing the Portuguese Language textbooks for Elementary School students. It may take into account that the emergence of the Plano Nacional do Livro Did?tico (PNLD) and, consequently, the attempt to contribute on creating possible educational tools that favor a significant improvement in the levels of reading and comprehension of Brazilian students. This work is based on the theoretical presuppositions which have outcome from the Theory of the Argumentation in the Language (ANL), proposed by Oswald Ducrot and Marion Carel. For the ANL, the meaning comes from the existent relation between the language signs in the language itself. By observing such process of relation and direction between the signs of the language and in the language itself that the reader will be able to understand suitably the discourses - normally referred as texts in the textbooks. For this research, the Portuguese teacher-based textbooks were analyzed, as well as a chapter of each one of three textbooks chosen for this purpose. The books have already been approved previously by the Plano Nacional do Livro Did?tico (PNLD). The chapters were analyzed under the perspective of the Theory of the Semantic Blocks (TBS), current proposal of the ANL, and of the Polyphonic Theory. Through this analysis, it was brought up that the Theory of the Argumentation in the Language does have practical application in the language teaching process, especially in whatever it refers to the reading and understanding of texts and, by doing so, this theory should be taken into account when the pedagogical team responsible for the textbook of Portuguese language choice intends to carry out such task. / A profici?ncia em leitura e interpreta??o almejada para os concluintes dos ensinos fundamental e m?dio de alunos brasileiros em l?ngua portuguesa ainda n?o foi alcan?ada. Na verdade, se encontra bem distante dos par?metros estabelecidos por organiza??es internacionais como a OCDE (Organiza??o para a Coopera??o e Desenvolvimento Econ?mico), F?rum Econ?mico Mundial e PISA (Programa Internacional de Avalia??o de Alunos). Sob esse enfoque, o prop?sito desta tese ? verificar as poss?veis contribui??es que a Sem?ntica Lingu?stica pode oferecer quando da sele??o de livros did?ticos de L?ngua Portuguesa do Ensino Fundamental (2a fase) ap?s a emerg?ncia do Plano Nacional do Livro Did?tico (PNLD) e, por conseguinte, tentar contribuir com poss?veis ferramentas lingu?sticas/did?ticas que propiciem uma melhora significativa nos n?veis de leitura e interpreta??o do alunado brasileiro (mais adiante mostraremos o que denominamos 'ferramentas lingu?sticas?). Este trabalho ? fundamentado pelos/nos pressupostos te?ricos advindos da Teoria da Argumenta??o na L?ngua (ANL), desenvolvida por Oswald Ducrot e Marion Carel. Para a ANL, o sentido ? oriundo da rela??o existente entre os signos de um enunciado. ? pela observa??o do processo de rela??o e orienta??o entre os signos da l?ngua e na l?ngua que o aluno poder? compreender satisfatoriamente os discursos (textos de livros did?ticos). Para esta investiga??o, foram analisados os manuais direcionados aos professores de l?ngua portuguesa, bem como um cap?tulo de cada um dos tr?s livros did?ticos selecionados e j? aprovados pelo Plano Nacional do Livro Did?tico (PNLD). Os cap?tulos foram analisados sob a perspectiva da Teoria dos Blocos Sem?nticos (TBS), atual fase da ANL, e da Teoria Polif?nica. Atrav?s da an?lise, ficou evidenciado que a Teoria da Argumenta??o na L?ngua tem aplica??o pr?tica no ensino de l?nguas, principalmente no que se refere ? leitura e compreens?o de textos e, portanto, deveria ser levada em considera??o no momento em que a equipe pedag?gica respons?vel pela escolha do livro did?tico de l?ngua portuguesa se prop?e a realizar esta tarefa.

Submitted by PPG Letras (letraspg@pucrs.br) on 2018-03-22T10:57:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_ Luara Pinto Minuzzi.pdf: 1359632 bytes, checksum: e3c5f3d8c6e9ed01ed64da8ab0dea643 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Tatiana Lopes (tatiana.lopes@pucrs.br) on 2018-04-05T11:56:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_ Luara Pinto Minuzzi.pdf: 1359632 bytes, checksum: e3c5f3d8c6e9ed01ed64da8ab0dea643 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-05T11:59:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_ Luara Pinto Minuzzi.pdf: 1359632 bytes, checksum: e3c5f3d8c6e9ed01ed64da8ab0dea643 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-09 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / This thesis proposes as a research theme the study of the construction of death from the symbology of the four fundamental elements ? water, air, earth and fire ? in Angolan novels published since the 1980s. The literary corpus will be formed by the following works: Mayombe (1980), by Pepetela; M?e, materno mar (2001), by Boaventura Cardoso; Teoria geral do esquecimento (2012), by Jos? Eduardo Agualusa and Os transparentes (2013), by Ondjaki. One can divide the books to be analyzed in two distinct ways: the first, in relation to the theme, divides the books that deal with the war of independence and with the moment of Independence (Mayombe and Teoria geral do esquecimento) and those dealing with Angola exclusively after the end of colonialism (M?e, materno mar and Os transparentes); the second, related to the authors, places the two who lived the war of independence (Pepetela and Boaventura Cardoso) in opposition to those who did not live (Agualusa and Ondjaki). Thus, the objective is to analyze how the symbolic construction of death differentiates between these groups and how the war factor influences such construction. The central idea of this work is that there is a gradation between the four novels of the corpus in relation to the symbolic construction of death to be represented more as a transformation, as a new stage of life, or more as a definitive end: in the first extreme, that of death as a process, there is Mayombe, followed by M?e, materno mar, Teoria geral do esquecimento and Os transparentes. The studies of Gaston Bachelard, Gilbert Durand, Northrop Frye, Carl Gustav Jung, Mircea Eliade, among others, will be used, concerning questions about symbols and the imaginary, as the theoretical basis of the research. Special attention will also be given to the theorists who deal with the situation in Africa and Angola and their histories, cultures and literatures, with studies by Pires Laranjeira, Inoc?ncia Mata, Ana Mafalda Leite, Kwame Anthony Appiah, Joseph Ki-Zerbo, etc. / Esta tese prop?e como tema de pesquisa o estudo da constru??o da morte a partir da simbologia dos quatro elementos fundamentais ? a ?gua, o ar, a terra e o fogo ? em romances angolanos publicados a partir dos anos 1980. O corpus liter?rio ? formado pelas seguintes obras: Mayombe (1980), de Pepetela; M?e, materno mar (2001), de Boaventura Cardoso; Teoria geral do esquecimento (2012), de Jos? Eduardo Agualusa e Os transparentes (2013), de Ondjaki. Pode-se dividir os livros a serem analisados de duas formas distintas: a primeira, em rela??o ao tema, divide os livros que abordam a Guerra de Liberta??o e a independ?ncia (Mayombe e Teoria geral do esquecimento) e os que tratam de Angola exclusivamente ap?s o fim do colonialismo (M?e, materno mar e Os transparentes); a segunda, relacionada aos autores, coloca os dois que viveram a Guerra de Liberta??o (Pepetela e Boaventura Cardoso) em oposi??o aos que n?o viveram (Agualusa e Ondjaki). Assim, o objetivo ? analisar como a constru??o simb?lica da morte diferencia-se entre esses grupos e como o fator guerra influencia em tal constru??o. A ideia central deste trabalho ? a de que existe uma grada??o entre os quatro romances do corpus em rela??o ? constru??o simb?lica da morte ser representada mais como uma transforma??o, como uma nova etapa da vida, ou mais como um fim definitivo: no primeiro extremo, aquele da morte como processo, h? Mayombe, seguido de M?e, materno mar, Teoria geral do esquecimento e Os transparentes. Ser?o utilizados como base te?rica da pesquisa, no que concerne ?s quest?es sobre os s?mbolos e o imagin?rio, os estudos de Gaston Bachelard, Gilbert Durand, Northrop Frye, Carl Gustav Jung, Mircea Eliade, entre outros. Ser? dada uma aten??o especial igualmente para os te?ricos que tratam da situa??o da ?frica e de Angola e de suas hist?rias, culturas e literaturas, com estudos de Pires Laranjeira, Inoc?ncia Mata, Ana Mafalda Leite, Kwame Anthony Appiah, Joseph Ki-Zerbo, etc.

Submitted by PPG Letras (letraspg@pucrs.br) on 2018-04-19T17:05:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Bernardo Kolling Limberger.pdf: 4252286 bytes, checksum: d0145f1da691581bdee5cb7b0f49b047 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2018-04-20T16:27:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Bernardo Kolling Limberger.pdf: 4252286 bytes, checksum: d0145f1da691581bdee5cb7b0f49b047 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-20T16:35:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Bernardo Kolling Limberger.pdf: 4252286 bytes, checksum: d0145f1da691581bdee5cb7b0f49b047 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-01-09 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / The present dissertation reports on a study on the reading processing in speakers of a minor- ity language, predominantly spoken, from the perspective of psycholinguistics in an interface with neuroscience. The investigated language is called Hunsr?ckisch, a distinct variety of other German varieties, bound historically and by similarity, though. This minority language can enhance the learning of German as a foreign language; however, the question arises as to whether it can trigger the multilingual reading processing (Brazilian Portuguese, Standard German and Hunsr?ckisch). Therefore, the aim of the present study is to investigate the mul- tilingual reading processing and its neural bases in speakers of Hunsr?ckisch in comparison to non-speakers. The skills we focused on are phonemic awareness, lexical access, and sen- tence comprehension. We investigated the influence of the acquisition of Hunsr?ckisch on the multilingual reading, through accuracy and reading speed processing in three experi- ments: Phonemic awareness task, Multilingual lexical decision task and Sentence compre- hension task. In these experiments, participants were asked to read isolated cognates or in sentential contexts. The participants of the present research are early bilinguals speakers of Hunsr?ckisch, who were divided in two groups: one composed by multilingual speakers of standard German (GHA) and the other by multilinguals with no knowledge in that language or real beginners (GH). The control group was composed by multilinguals who do not speak German minority languages, but speak Standard German (GA). In addition, a subset of multi- linguals participated in the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study. The results from the analyzes indicate interinfluences of the languages on the multilingual reading pro- cessing. Participants demonstrated higher phonemic awareness for Standard German words, in comparison to the Hunsr?ckisch words and pseudowords. The results of the statistical tests showed differences between the cognate and non-cognate reading for the minority language group (GHA) when reading isolated words and in sentence comprehension. There was, therefore, a cognate facilitation effect resulting from the sharing of representations be- tween the two languages. There was no effect for reading in Portuguese. The results of the lexical decision task also indicated the most effective construction of the orthographic men- tal lexicon in Hunsr?ckisch by the participants who have spelling knowledge of Standard German. The elevated times for sentence reading were modulated by the knowledge in the minority language. In the neuroimaging study, there was more activation of the phonological route for the words in Hunsr?ckisch and, supposedly, a convergence of neural bases for reading in German and in Portuguese. Through these results, we expect to contribute to the research on minority languages and reading processing, a relationship that is not always per- ceptible. Psycholinguistic and neuroscientific studies on these languages can offer a relevant contribution to the understanding of multilingualism in its various dimensions and to show other sides of oral and written interaction in linguistic performance. This study may provide implications for the teaching of foreign languages in the multilingual context of southern Brazil and cooperate with the discussion on the maintenance of the minority language in the context of language policies within families and communities. / In der vorliegenden Arbeit handelt es sich um eine Studie ?ber die Leseverarbeitung bei Sprechern einer Minderheitensprache, die ?berwiegend nur m?ndlich verwendet wird. Die Untersuchung ist eine psycholinguistische Studie, die auch in Verbindung mit der kognitiven Neurowissenschaft steht. Die untersuchte Sprache hei?t Hunsr?ckisch, die sich von anderen deutschen Variet?ten unterscheidet, aber sie ist mit ihnen historisch und typologisch verbunden. Die Minderheitensprache kann das Erlernen von Deutsch als Fremdsprache unterst?tzen. Trotzdem stellt sich die Frage, ob sie die Leseverarbeitung f?rdern kann. Mit der Dissertation soll die mehrsprachige Leseverarbeitung und ihre neuronalen Korrelate von Hunsr?ckisch-Sprechern im Vergleich zu Nicht-Hunsr?ckisch-Sprechern untersucht werden. Wir erforschten den Einfluss des Hunsr?ckischen auf die Leseverarbeitung, indem wir die Lesepr?zision und -geschwindigkeit bei drei Experimenten evaluierten: Test zur phonemischen Bewusstheit, Lexikalische Entscheidungsaufgabe und Satzverst?ndnistest. Bei diesen Experimenten lasen die Probanden isolierte oder im Kontext eingebetteten Kognaten. An der Forschung nahmen Fr?h-Zweisprachige, die Hunsr?ckisch sprechen, teil. Sie wurden in zwei Gruppen geteilt: Eine Gruppe besteht aus Mehrsprachigen, die auch Standarddeutsch sprechen (GHA), und die andere besteht aus Zwei- oder Mehrsprachigen, die keine oder geringe Kenntnisse in Standarddeutsch haben. Au?erdem nahmen Mehrsprachige, die keine deutsche Minderheitensprache sprechen, sondern nur Standarddeutsch, an der Studie teil. Zus?tzlich nahm eine kleine Gruppe an einer funktionellen Magnetresonanzuntersuchung (fMRT) teil. Die Ergebnisse der Auswertungen deuten Einfl?sse der Sprachen auf die mehrsprachige Leseverarbeitung an. Die Probanden der drei Gruppen haben die h?chsten Niveaus bei der phonemischen Bewusstheit auf Standarddeutsch, im Vergleich zum Hunsr?ckischen und den Pseudow?rtern, erreicht. Die Ergebnisse der statistischen Tests zeigen Unterschiede zwischen dem Lesen von Kognaten und Nicht-Kognaten in der Gruppe von Sprechern der Minderheitensprache, sowohl bei den isolierten W?rtern als auch im Satzverst?ndnis. Es gab also einen Kognateneffekt, der das Ergebnis der gemeinsamen lexikalischen Repr?sentationen ist. Dieser Effekt war beim Lesen auf Portugiesisch nicht zu sehen. Die Ergebnisse bei der lexikalischen Entscheidungsaufgabe weisen noch darauf hin, dass die Probanden der Gruppe GHA ihren orthographischen Lexikon am besten aufbauen konnten. Beim Satzverst?ndnis waren die Lesezeiten bei den Hunsr?ckischsprechenden h?her. Bei der fMRT-Studie wurde die phonologische Route beim Lesen auf Hunsr?ckisch aktiviert und vermutlich sind die neuronalen Korrelate f?r die Leseverarbeitung auf Standarddeutsch und Portugiesisch gemeinsam eines Netzes angelegt. Mit Hilfe von dieser Arbeit beabsichtigen wir, zur Forschung ?ber Minderheitensprachen und Leseverarbeitung beizutragen. Die Relevanz der Zusammenh?nge auf den beiden Gebieten d?rfen nicht vernachl?ssigt werden. Psycholinguistische und neurowissenschaftliche Studien ?ber die untersuchten Sprachen k?nnen einen relevanten Beitrag f?r das Verst?ndnis der Mehrsprachigkeit in ihren unterschiedlichen Formen leisten, zudem k?nnen sie andere Facetten der Interaktion zwischen den m?ndlichen und schriftlichen Formen in der linguistischen Leistung zeigen. Diese Studie kann sich auf die Fremdsprachdidaktik im multilingualen s?dbrasilianischen Kontext auswirken und damit die Diskussion ?ber den Spracherhalt im Bereich der Sprachpolitik in den Familien und in den Gemeinden f?rdern. / Esta Tese apresenta um estudo do processamento da leitura em falantes de uma l?ngua mi- norit?ria, predominantemente oral, sob o vi?s da psicolingu?stica em interface com a neuro- ci?ncia cognitiva. A l?ngua investigada ? o hunsriqueano/Hunsr?ckisch, uma variedade distin- ta de outras variedades do alem?o, embora vinculada a elas historicamente e por semelhan- ?a. Essa l?ngua minorit?ria pode fundamentar a aprendizagem de alem?o como l?ngua es- trangeira; entretanto, surge a pergunta se ela pode fomentar o processamento da leitura multil?ngue (portugu?s, alem?o standard e hunsriqueano). O objetivo deste estudo ? investi- gar o processamento da leitura multil?ngue e as suas bases neurais em falantes de hunsri- queano em compara??o a n?o falantes. As habilidades focalizadas s?o a consci?ncia fon?mi- ca, o acesso lexical e a compreens?o de senten?as. Investigamos a influ?ncia da aquisi??o do hunsriqueano na leitura, por meio de avalia??es de precis?o e velocidade do processamento da leitura em tr?s experimentos: Tarefa de consci?ncia fon?mica, Tarefa de decis?o lexical multil?ngue e Tarefa de compreens?o de senten?as. Nesses experimentos, os participantes leram palavras cognatas, isoladas ou em contexto de senten?a. A pesquisa contou com a participa??o de bil?ngues precoces falantes de hunsriqueano, divididos em dois grupos: um composto por multil?ngues falantes tamb?m de alem?o standard (GHA) e outro por bil?n- gues/multil?ngues com conhecimentos nulos ou muito iniciais nessa l?ngua (GH). Tamb?m participaram multil?ngues que n?o falam uma l?ngua minorit?ria, mas falam alem?o standard (GA), o grupo controle. Adicionalmente, um subgrupo de multil?ngues participou do exame de resson?ncia magn?tica funcional. Os resultados das an?lises indicam interinflu?ncias das l?nguas no processamento da leitura multil?ngue. Os participantes demonstraram ter ?ndices de consci?ncia fon?mica mais elevada para palavras em alem?o standard, em compara??o ?s palavras em hunsriqueano e ?s pseudopalavras. Os resultados dos testes estat?sticos mos- traram diferen?as entre a leitura de cognatos e n?o cognatos para o grupo de falantes da l?ngua minorit?ria (GHA) na leitura de palavras isoladas e no processamento de senten?as. Houve, portanto, um efeito cognato resultante do compartilhamento de representa??es en- tre as duas l?nguas. Esse efeito foi ausente para a leitura em portugu?s (PB). Os resultados da Tarefa de decis?o lexical indicaram, ainda, a mais efetiva constru??o do l?xico mental orto- gr?fico em hunsriqueano pelos participantes que possuem conhecimento da escrita em ale- m?o. Na leitura de senten?as, os tempos de leitura mais elevados foram modulados pelo co- nhecimento em hunsriqueano. No exame de neuroimagem, houve mais ativa??o da rota fo- nol?gica para as palavras em hunsriqueano e, supostamente, compartilhamento de bases neurais para a leitura de palavras em alem?o e em PB. Por meio desses resultados, visamos contribuir com a pesquisa em l?nguas minorit?rias e processamento da leitura, uma rela??o nem sempre trivial. Estudos psicolingu?sticos e neurocient?ficos sobre essas l?nguas podem oferecer uma contribui??o relevante para o entendimento do multilinguismo em suas diver- sas configura??es e mostrar outras facetas da intera??o entre oralidade e escrita no desem- penho lingu?stico. O presente estudo poder? fornecer implica??es para o ensino de l?ngua estrangeira no contexto multil?ngue do sul do Brasil e cooperar com a discuss?o sobre a ma- nuten??o de l?nguas minorit?rias no ?mbito das pol?ticas lingu?sticas dentro das fam?lias e das comunidades.

Submitted by PPG Letras (letraspg@pucrs.br) on 2018-04-20T14:14:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_F?bio Varela Nascimento.pdf: 3403826 bytes, checksum: 54120251515ceef58d909d98c69d3fed (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2018-05-08T18:04:28Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_F?bio Varela Nascimento.pdf: 3403826 bytes, checksum: 54120251515ceef58d909d98c69d3fed (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-08T18:10:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_F?bio Varela Nascimento.pdf: 3403826 bytes, checksum: 54120251515ceef58d909d98c69d3fed (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-12 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / Cyro Martins ? os anos decisivos (1908-1951) is a biographical work, which aims to tell part of the life of the doctor, psychoanalyst and writer Cyro dos Santos Martins, born in Quara? on August 5, 1908 and deceased in Porto Alegre on December 15, 1995. In these decisive years are the beginning of the formation, the years spent as an internal student of the Col?gio Anchieta, the period in the Faculdade de Medicina de Porto Alegre, the return to Quara?, the loss of the father, the first marriage, the specialization in neurology in Rio de Janeiro, the publication of five books ? Campo fora (1934), Sem rumo (1937), Enquanto as ?guas correm (1939), Mensagem errante (1942), Porteira fechada (1944) ?, collaborations in the press, insertion in the literary system of Rio Grande do Sul, as an employee in the Hospital Psiqui?trico S?o Pedro, the birth of daughters, separation, second marriage and departure for Buenos Aires. The study also contemplates, at an initial moment, considerations about the biographical genre ? theorists such as Leon Edel, Anna Caball? and Fran?ois Dosse are cited ? , elucidates the relationship between the biographer and the biographer, explains the methods used and indicates the spaces of research. / Cyro Martins ? os anos decisivos (1908-1951) ? um trabalho de cunho biogr?fico, que tem o objetivo de contar parte da vida do m?dico, psicanalista e escritor Cyro dos Santos Martins, nascido em Quara?, em 5 de agosto de 1908 e falecido em Porto Alegre, em 15 de dezembro de 1995. Nesses anos decisivos est?o o in?cio da forma??o, os anos passados como aluno interno do Col?gio Anchieta, o per?odo na Faculdade de Medicina de Porto Alegre, a volta para Quara?, a perda do pai, o primeiro casamento, a especializa??o em neurologia cursada no Rio de Janeiro, a publica??o de cinco livros ? Campo fora (1934), Sem rumo (1937), Enquanto as ?guas correm (1939), Mensagem errante (1942), Porteira fechada (1944) ?, as colabora??es na imprensa, a inser??o no sistema liter?rio do Rio Grande do Sul, o ingresso, como funcion?rio, no Hospital Psiqui?trico S?o Pedro, o nascimento das filhas, a separa??o, o segundo casamento e a partida para Buenos Aires. O estudo tamb?m contempla, em um momento inicial, considera??es sobre o g?nero biogr?fico ? te?ricos como Leon Edel, Anna Caball? e Fran?ois Dosse s?o citados ?, elucida a rela??o entre o bi?grafo e o biografado, explicita os m?todos utilizados e indica os espa?os de pesquisa percorridos.

Submitted by PPG Letras (letraspg@pucrs.br) on 2018-05-02T18:39:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o_Michel M. Flores_Definitiva.pdf: 1308030 bytes, checksum: f7501df370aa6b8e51b35b076642bef5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sheila Dias (sheila.dias@pucrs.br) on 2018-05-11T14:47:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o_Michel M. Flores_Definitiva.pdf: 1308030 bytes, checksum: f7501df370aa6b8e51b35b076642bef5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-11T15:02:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o_Michel M. Flores_Definitiva.pdf: 1308030 bytes, checksum: f7501df370aa6b8e51b35b076642bef5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-28 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / This dissertation proposes a reading about Opisanie ?wiata, a book by the Brazilian writer Veronica Stigger, using theories of art and literature. In its first part, I deal with the displacement of words and images from other forms and sources into the interior of a fictional narrative. In this part, the displacement is seen as an operation of artistic and literary creation, capable of overcoming these and other barriers. For this, I use texts of the author herself and critics that elucidate this gesture in the works of Marcel Duchamp, Kurt Schwitters and Veronica Stigger. Then, in the second part of this work, I turn to a story from the narrative, derived from the thought of Walter Benjamin, to think of it from the various forms of narration that are experimented by Stigger in her prose. In this way, it worthy nothing that all the displacements observed in this narrative and the different forms of narration experienced by the writer are seen, in the company of works by other narrators, as pieces assembled in a collage. Finally, the last chapter presents a conversation with the author in which I look for information that deals with her work as a whole and that corroborates the discussion presented in the previous chapters. / Esta disserta??o prop?e uma leitura acerca de Opisanie ?wiata, livro da escritora brasileira Veronica Stigger, recorrendo a teorias da arte e da literatura. Em sua primeira parte, trato do deslocamento de palavras e imagens oriundas de outras formas e fontes para o interior de uma narrativa ficcional. Nessa parte, o deslocamento ? visto como uma opera??o de cria??o art?stica e liter?ria, capaz de ultrapassar essas e outras barreiras. Para isso, me valho de textos da pr?pria autora e de cr?ticos que elucidam esse gesto nas obras de Marcel Duchamp, Kurt Schwitters e Veronica Stigger. Ap?s, na segunda parte deste trabalho, recorro a uma hist?ria da narrativa, oriunda do pensamento de Walter Benjamin, para pens?-la a partir das diversas formas de narrar que s?o experimentadas por Stigger em sua prosa. Dessa forma, ? poss?vel notar que todos os deslocamentos observados nessa narrativa e as diferentes formas de narrar experimentadas pela escritora s?o vistas, na companhia de obras de outros narradores, como cacos reunidos em uma colagem. Por fim, o ?ltimo cap?tulo apresenta uma conversa com a autora na qual busco informa??es que tratem do trabalho dela como um todo e que corroborem para a discuss?o apresentada nos cap?tulos anteriores.