Esse estudo exploratório investiga e identifica como diferentes ferramentas de planejamento podem ser utilizadas para controle, manutenção e melhoria da produtividade. A revisão de literatura nos sugere a construção Lean como vanguarda do sistema produtivo e este trabalho verifica à luz de seus princípios (Lean) quais são as condições necessárias à sua implementação num ambiente construtivo. O processo de execução das lajes de um edifício em estrutura metálica, envolve três grandes categorias de insumos: o steel deck, a armação e o concreto. O detalhamento da execução das atividades envolvidas nesse processo possibilitou aprofundar o entendimento do complexo equilíbrio entre suprimento e demanda, do balanceamento das frentes de serviço e a compreensão das condições necessárias à prática dos conceitos Lean na construção predial. Com esse intuito foi elaborado um PERT das atividades envolvidas no processo, organizadas em um mapa de fluxo e testadas em uma simulação em Excel que traduzidas na forma de gráficos de produtividade, apontam as tendências de comportamento e a interferência da variabilidade de ocorrência dos eventos nos prazos estimados e o aparecimento de esperas (desperdício). O mesmo fluxo de atividades submetido à teoria das filas completa o estudo, apresentando também sob a forma de gráficos de tendência a correlação entre as atividades de montagem do steel deck, a armação e a execução das concretagens. A análise dos resultados obtidos mostrou que a simulação em Excel confirma os valores obtidos no planejamento inicial em PERT e a teoria das filas apresenta certo grau de restrição quando o processo não apresenta produtividades crescentes. / This research investigates and identifies which tools of planning and management can be used to seek and improve productivity. The revision of literature suggests Lean as vanguard of the productive system and this work reveals the conditions for it implementation in a construction environment. The execution proceeding of a concrete slab of a building in metallic structure, involves three major steps: steel deck, steel frame and concrete. The detailing of the execution of the involved activities in this process made possible to deepen the agreement of the complex balance between supply and demand, of the balancing of the service fronts and to understand the conditions necessary to use the Lean concepts in the civil construction. The activities organized in flow were tested in a simulation, translated in the form of productivity graphs that point the trends of behavior and the interference of the variability in the trustworthiness of occurrence of the events in the targeted moments and the appearance of queues (waste). The same flow of activities submitted to the analysis of the queuing theory completes the study. The same flow of activities submitted to the queuing theory completes the study; also presenting under form of trend graphs the correlation between the assembly of steel deck, steel frame and the concrete placement. The analysis of the results showed that the simulation in Excel confirms the values gotten in the initial planning in PERT and the queuing theory presents certain degree of restriction when the process does not present increasing productivities.

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro / Adaptada dos conceitos da produção enxuta, a construção enxuta é uma filosofia de gestão da produção voltada à construção civil. Dos cinco princípios enxutos em que se baseia, o que mais tem se estudado desde a publicação do Relatório Técnico n72 Aplicação da Nova Filosofia de Produção à Construção (publicado pelo CIFE Center for Integrated Facility Engineering, ligado à Universidade de Stanford, EUA) é o Fluxo Contínuo. A idéia de manter o fluxo contínuo está diretamente ligada à continuidade da produtividade, ou seja, manter a produtividade em uma taxa constante. Aplicar o conceito enxuto de fluxo contínuo através da manutenção das taxas de produtividade significa gerenciar o empreendimento de modo que a execução das atividades se mantenha de acordo com os parâmetros estabelecidos durante a fase de planejamento. Por meio de ferramentas enxutas de gerenciamento é feita a simulação em Excel de três atividades pertencentes ao processo de execução de lajes prediais de edifícios construídos em estruturas metálicas: steel deck, armação e concretagem. A elaboração da planilha possibilita a avaliação das perdas ocorridas durante a execução das atividades sob a ótica do conceito de atrasos e esperas. A soma destas perdas resulta ainda em dois efeitos distintos considerados como perdas acumuladas e perdas compensadas, proporcionando ao gerente do empreendimento dados consistentes para traçar estratégicas para eliminação do desperdício ou uma antevisão dos desperdícios que podem estar associados à execução das atividades se estas forem mal planejadas. / Adapted from the concepts of lean production, lean construction is a management philosophy of the production directed to construction. Of the five lean principles what else has been studied since the publication of Technical Report No. 72 - Application of New Production Philosophy to Construction (published by CIFE - Center for Integrated Facility Engineering, connected to Stanford University, USA) is the continuous flow. The idea of maintaining the continuous flow is directly linked to continued productivity, ie keep productivity at a constant rate. Apply the concept of lean stream by maintaining productivity rates means managing the project so that the execution of activities is maintained in accordance with the guidelines established during the planning phase. Through lean management tools is done in Excel simulation of three activities from the implementation process of building slabs of buildings constructed in steel structures, steel deck, frame and concrete. The elaboration of the sheet allows the evaluation of the losses occurred during the execution of activities from the perspective of the concept of delays and waits. The total of these losses still result in two distinct effects considered to accumulated losses and offset losses, providing the manager of the project consistent data to plot strategy for disposal of waste or a preview of wastes that may be associated with the implementation of the activities if they are badly planned.

A challenge in Lean Construction is how to make it applicable when there is a high degree of complexity and uncertainty. In many construction projects there are changing project requirements, unique products and a need for actions that are highly focused on meeting customer/client expectations. Such scenarios require management methods that are characterised by being flexible and able to react to change. The aim of this thesis is to introduce a method that has such characteristics. Project Management, Lean and Agile paradigms are merged through the application of the fission and fusion approach of nuclear physics. This research is facilitated through a sequential explorative method. In the first instance, interviews with 22 practitioners in the fields of construction project management, Lean and Agile have been conducted. Then a quantitative self-administered questionnaire with 213 useful responses has been utilised to validate the transferability of the interview findings. It is concluded that Lean is not ideally suited to dealing with the dynamic nature of construction projects. Agile methods, which were developed to cope with the high levels of uncertainty inherent to IT projects, are more flexible and able to react to change. Hence utilising Agile-based methods might be the key to the successful utilization of Lean in construction. Therefore a management method based on combining Lean and Agile approaches has potential. Such an approach needs creative thinking to develop a solution that is different to that of “Leagile”. Leagile uses Lean and Agile methods in the execution phase sequentially, through using a decoupling point model to separate the two. This thesis introduces a new paradigm in which such a decoupling or separation does not take place. Rather, project management, Lean and Agile have been merged together to develop a new holistic and strategic framework. The paradigm presented in this thesis is termed “AgiLean Project Management”.

Esse estudo exploratório investiga e identifica como diferentes ferramentas de planejamento podem ser utilizadas para controle, manutenção e melhoria da produtividade. A revisão de literatura nos sugere a construção Lean como vanguarda do sistema produtivo e este trabalho verifica à luz de seus princípios (Lean) quais são as condições necessárias à sua implementação num ambiente construtivo. O processo de execução das lajes de um edifício em estrutura metálica, envolve três grandes categorias de insumos: o steel deck, a armação e o concreto. O detalhamento da execução das atividades envolvidas nesse processo possibilitou aprofundar o entendimento do complexo equilíbrio entre suprimento e demanda, do balanceamento das frentes de serviço e a compreensão das condições necessárias à prática dos conceitos Lean na construção predial. Com esse intuito foi elaborado um PERT das atividades envolvidas no processo, organizadas em um mapa de fluxo e testadas em uma simulação em Excel que traduzidas na forma de gráficos de produtividade, apontam as tendências de comportamento e a interferência da variabilidade de ocorrência dos eventos nos prazos estimados e o aparecimento de esperas (desperdício). O mesmo fluxo de atividades submetido à teoria das filas completa o estudo, apresentando também sob a forma de gráficos de tendência a correlação entre as atividades de montagem do steel deck, a armação e a execução das concretagens. A análise dos resultados obtidos mostrou que a simulação em Excel confirma os valores obtidos no planejamento inicial em PERT e a teoria das filas apresenta certo grau de restrição quando o processo não apresenta produtividades crescentes. / This research investigates and identifies which tools of planning and management can be used to seek and improve productivity. The revision of literature suggests Lean as vanguard of the productive system and this work reveals the conditions for it implementation in a construction environment. The execution proceeding of a concrete slab of a building in metallic structure, involves three major steps: steel deck, steel frame and concrete. The detailing of the execution of the involved activities in this process made possible to deepen the agreement of the complex balance between supply and demand, of the balancing of the service fronts and to understand the conditions necessary to use the Lean concepts in the civil construction. The activities organized in flow were tested in a simulation, translated in the form of productivity graphs that point the trends of behavior and the interference of the variability in the trustworthiness of occurrence of the events in the targeted moments and the appearance of queues (waste). The same flow of activities submitted to the analysis of the queuing theory completes the study. The same flow of activities submitted to the queuing theory completes the study; also presenting under form of trend graphs the correlation between the assembly of steel deck, steel frame and the concrete placement. The analysis of the results showed that the simulation in Excel confirms the values gotten in the initial planning in PERT and the queuing theory presents certain degree of restriction when the process does not present increasing productivities.

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro / Adaptada dos conceitos da produção enxuta, a construção enxuta é uma filosofia de gestão da produção voltada à construção civil. Dos cinco princípios enxutos em que se baseia, o que mais tem se estudado desde a publicação do Relatório Técnico n72 Aplicação da Nova Filosofia de Produção à Construção (publicado pelo CIFE Center for Integrated Facility Engineering, ligado à Universidade de Stanford, EUA) é o Fluxo Contínuo. A idéia de manter o fluxo contínuo está diretamente ligada à continuidade da produtividade, ou seja, manter a produtividade em uma taxa constante. Aplicar o conceito enxuto de fluxo contínuo através da manutenção das taxas de produtividade significa gerenciar o empreendimento de modo que a execução das atividades se mantenha de acordo com os parâmetros estabelecidos durante a fase de planejamento. Por meio de ferramentas enxutas de gerenciamento é feita a simulação em Excel de três atividades pertencentes ao processo de execução de lajes prediais de edifícios construídos em estruturas metálicas: steel deck, armação e concretagem. A elaboração da planilha possibilita a avaliação das perdas ocorridas durante a execução das atividades sob a ótica do conceito de atrasos e esperas. A soma destas perdas resulta ainda em dois efeitos distintos considerados como perdas acumuladas e perdas compensadas, proporcionando ao gerente do empreendimento dados consistentes para traçar estratégicas para eliminação do desperdício ou uma antevisão dos desperdícios que podem estar associados à execução das atividades se estas forem mal planejadas. / Adapted from the concepts of lean production, lean construction is a management philosophy of the production directed to construction. Of the five lean principles what else has been studied since the publication of Technical Report No. 72 - Application of New Production Philosophy to Construction (published by CIFE - Center for Integrated Facility Engineering, connected to Stanford University, USA) is the continuous flow. The idea of maintaining the continuous flow is directly linked to continued productivity, ie keep productivity at a constant rate. Apply the concept of lean stream by maintaining productivity rates means managing the project so that the execution of activities is maintained in accordance with the guidelines established during the planning phase. Through lean management tools is done in Excel simulation of three activities from the implementation process of building slabs of buildings constructed in steel structures, steel deck, frame and concrete. The elaboration of the sheet allows the evaluation of the losses occurred during the execution of activities from the perspective of the concept of delays and waits. The total of these losses still result in two distinct effects considered to accumulated losses and offset losses, providing the manager of the project consistent data to plot strategy for disposal of waste or a preview of wastes that may be associated with the implementation of the activities if they are badly planned.

Submitted by Franciele Moreira (francielemoreyra@gmail.com) on 2017-08-24T17:56:31Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Carlos Augusto Bouhid Camargo Filho - 2017.pdf: 11681662 bytes, checksum: 86b1f8b924b8d44c4c1349ad9855b46f (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-09-15T12:42:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Carlos Augusto Bouhid Camargo Filho - 2017.pdf: 11681662 bytes, checksum: 86b1f8b924b8d44c4c1349ad9855b46f (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-15T12:42:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Carlos Augusto Bouhid Camargo Filho - 2017.pdf: 11681662 bytes, checksum: 86b1f8b924b8d44c4c1349ad9855b46f (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-21 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The use of tools to analyze the implementation and use of practices and principles of lean construction is extremely necessary for them to be successful and bring the expected results. Therefore, the tool which is going to be used must be adequate and capable of measuring in the best possible way the real state of the construction company against lean philosophy. This research's objective is to develop a tool to evaluate the degree of implementation of the lean construction in building companies. The LCAT (Lean Construction Assessment Tool) has been developed based on other tools previously proposed with the aim of supply the deficiencies presented by them, mainly the absence of statistical treatment and in the fidelity of the results. Using multivariate data analysis techniques, such as hierarchical group analysis, form revisions were performed, which, according to the comparative tests executed, increased their level of replication and applicability. The evaluation form was analyzed by experts, who classified the items as their importance, complexity and time of implementation. The Fuzzy Inference System was utilized in order to reduce the subjectivity and interpretation bias of the evaluator, which generated closer results between two different applicators to the same object of study. As a secondary result, the participating companies of the applications were evaluated towards the implementation of the lean construction. It was noticed that the companies, for the most part, still do not apply lean construction concepts and tools, evidences were found only of the application practices that interfaced with other areas of management, such as quality and planning. / O uso de ferramentas para a análise da implementação e uso de práticas e princípios da construção enxuta é extremamente necessário para que estas sejam bem-sucedidas e tragam os resultados esperados. Para isso, a ferramenta a ser utilizada deve ser adequada e capaz de aferir da melhor maneira possível o real estado da empresa construtora frente à filosofia enxuta. O objetivo desse trabalho é desenvolver uma ferramenta de avaliação do grau de implementação da construção enxuta em empresas construtoras. A LCAT (Lean Construction Assessment Tool) foi desenvolvida com base em outras ferramentas anteriormente propostas com o intuito de suprir as carências por elas apresentadas, principalmente no tratamento estatístico e na fidelidade dos resultados. Utilizando-se de análise multivariada de dados, foram feitas duas grandes revisões no formulário, que, de acordo com testes comparativos realizados, aumentaram seu nível de replicação e aplicabilidade. Como resultado secundário, avaliou-se as empresas participantes das aplicações frente à implementação da construção enxuta. Percebeu- se que as empresas, em sua grande maioria, ainda não aplicam conceitos e ferramentas da construção enxuta, sendo que foram encontradas evidências de aplicação apenas de práticas com interface com outras áreas de gestão, como qualidade e planejamento.

A través del programa Maestro (programación macro), se analizará el proceso de planificación Intermedia o Look ahead Planning, sucedido por el plan de trabajo semanal y diario. La planificación intermedia (proceso Look ahead) es una expansión del programa maestro, que genera un programa de trabajo que, pensamos, puede ser ejecutado usando información del estado actual del proyecto y pronósticos sobre la disponibilidad de recursos. Como se sabe, el programa Maestro cubre todas las actividades del proyecto, desde el comienzo hasta el término del mismo. En cambio, la planificación Look ahead abarca intervalos de sólo 4 a 8 semanas, según la complejidad del proyecto, en el futuro con relación a la fecha de la planificación porque la incertidumbre sobre lo que vendrá después deja sin sentido un mayor detalle. El plan de trabajo semanal es la planificación que presenta el mayor nivel de detalle antes de realizar una actividad. Escoger qué trabajo será ejecutado en la próxima semana desde lo que sabemos puede ser hecho, recibe el nombre de asignaciones de calidad. Sólo asignaciones de calidad pueden entrar en un inventario de trabajo ejecutable y posteriormente al plan de trabajo semanal, lo que protege el flujo de producción de incertidumbres, lo que apunta a crear un flujo confiable de trabajo. Para ello se tomó como estudio el edificio multifamiliar las Dalias, donde se explica detalladamente la aplicación de look ahead de la semana 19 donde se realizó el vaciado de losa del sótano 2 y se detalla el análisis de programación semanal con sus posibles restricciones y recursos para poder resolverlas, demostrando con ello que aplicando el Last Planner se maximiza la producción y se minimizan los costos. Through the Master program (macro programming), the mid-term planning or Look ahead Planning, succeeded by the weekly plan and daily work will be analyzed. The intermediate planning (Look ahead process) is an expansion of master program, which generates a work program that we think can be executed using information of the current project status and forecasts on the availability of resources. As is known, the Master program covers all activities of the project from the beginning to the end of it. However, planning ahead Look intervals covers only 4-8 weeks, depending on the complexity of the project in the future in relation to the planning date because uncertainty about what comes next makes it meaningless greater detail. The weekly work plan is the planning that has the highest level of detail before an activity. Choose what work will be executed in the next week from what we know can be done, is called quality assignments. Only quality assignments can enter an inventory of executable work and then to plan weekly work, protecting the flow of production uncertainties, which aims to create a reliable workflow. For this study was taken as the multifamily building Dahlias, which explains in detail the implementation of look ahead to week 19 where the drain basement slab 2 was performed and analysis of weekly programming with the possible restrictions and resources for detailed to resolve them, demonstrating that applying the Last Planner maximizing production and minimizing cost.

The construction area is one of the sectors that are most important in the development of a country, so we measure the growth rate being the same jobs and increases in other sectors. Despite being a great source of a country do not get to understand the reasons why, especially in Latin America is not generated as much expected development in Europe, Asia or North America. The construction industry has unique characteristics that fail to justify analyzed the degree of development in which there are: weather conditions, work under pressure, little training and above all existing schedule. In the thesis analyzes were taken in as a building project "Building Raygada" which was scheduled execution in 06 months however the lack of planning, organization and control culminated in 09 months, which not only affected the project but time economically in the profits of which were under S/686, 913.00 and finally got S/222, 527.00 equivalent to 67.60% less than the estimated This is why developing a Project Management to improve planning, scheduling and control work is the objective of this study demonstrate that the main problem of the construction is not knowing how to manage resources which should be available when required as otherwise generate unwanted delays for that reason is that we will apply the planning tools such as the theories of Lean Construction,Restrictions, Last Planner and thus develop a detailed analysis of the work and contribute to increased productivity sector construction dare the "Procedure for the planning, execution and control of organized work processes” , which is the contribution to young engineers and professionals who do not consider the benefits of working with Project Management in construction work.

A BIM-based tool for formwork management was developed using Dynamo Studio and Revit, based on practitioners preferences regarding LOD and rental option. The BIM tool is a toolset of Dynamo scripts able to create a BIM model for formwork enable with parameters that describes formwork features necessary for formwork management. The BIM model created with this toolset is able to compute quantities, cost analysis, generate a demand profile, and cerate a 4D & 5D simulation automatically.

La presente investigación tiene como finalidad mejorar la productividad en las partidas de mayor incidencia (Relleno de cuerpo de Presa material tipo 3, Colocación de material de filtros tipo 1 y tipo 2, Colocación de concreto curb en pantalla impermeabilizante y Limpieza de estribos) de la construcción de una Presa de Relaves de un Proyecto Minero aplicando herramientas de lean Construction. La poca productividad mostrada en las partidas identificadas de incidencia desde el punto de vista de costos, conlleva directamente a incumplimientos de Plazo, Costo y Calidad por ende afecta la rentabilidad de la Compañía y la satisfacción del cliente considerablemente. El resultado del presente trabajo de investigación es la mejora de la productividad e incremento significativo de los rendimientos reales superando a los ofertados, todo ello con la implementación, aplicación y seguimiento constante a las herramientas que proporciona la filosofía lean Construction aplicadas en las partidas más incidentes del proyecto. Con esta experiencia podemos afirmar que la filosofía Lean Construction aplicado a Proyectos de gran envergadura como son los proyectos mineros es una herramienta potente para el cumplimiento contractual. / The purpose of this research is to improve productivity in the items with the highest incidence (Filling of body of Dam material type 3, Placement of filter material type 1 and type 2, Placement of concrete curb in waterproofing screen and Cleaning of abutments) of the construction of a tailings dam for a mining project applying lean construction tools. The low productivity shown in the items identified of incidence from the point of view of costs, directly leads to non-compliance with Term, Cost and Quality, therefore it affects the profitability of the Company and the satisfaction of the client considerably. The result of this research work is the improvement of productivity and a significant increase in real yields, surpassing those offered, all with the implementation, application and constant monitoring of the tools provided by the lean Construction philosophy applied in the most incident items. of the project. With this experience we can affirm that the Lean Construction philosophy applied to large projects such as mining projects is a powerful tool for contractual compliance. / Trabajo de investigación