<p>This thesis is a collection of five independent but closely related studies. The overall purpose is to approach the analysis of learning outcomes from a perspective that combines three major elements, namely lifelonglifewide learning, human capital, and the benefits of learning. The approach is based on an interdisciplinary perspective of the human capital paradigm. It considers the multiple learning contexts that are responsible for the development of embodied potential – including formal, nonformal and informal learning – and the multiple outcomes – including knowledge, skills, economic, social and others– that result from learning. The studies also seek to examine the extent and relative influence of learning in different contexts on the formation of embodied potential and how in turn that affects economic and social well being. The first study combines the three major elements, lifelonglifewide</p><p>learning, human capital, and the benefits of learning into one common conceptual framework. This study forms a common basis for the four empirical studies that follow. All four empirical studies use data from the International Adult Literacy Survey (IALS) to investigate the relationships among the major elements of the conceptual framework presented in the first study.</p><p><u>Study I. A conceptual framework for the analysis of learning outcomes</u></p><p>This study brings together some key concepts and theories that are relevant for the analysis of learning outcomes. Many of the concepts and theories have emerged from varied disciplines including economics, educational psychology, cognitive science and sociology, to name only a few. Accordingly, some of the research questions inherent in the framework relate to different disciplinary perspectives. The primary purpose is to create a common basis for formulating and testing hypotheses as well as to interpret the findings in the empirical studies that follow. In particular, the framework facilitates the process of theorizing and hypothesizing on the relationships and processes concerning lifelong learning as well as their antecedents and consequences.</p><p><u>Study II. Determinants of literacy proficiency: A lifelong-lifewide learning perspective</u></p><p>This study investigates lifelong and lifewide processes of skill formation. In particular, it seeks to estimate the substitutability and complementarity effects of learning in multiple settings over the lifespan on literacy skill formation. This is done by investigating the predictive capacity of major determinants of literacy proficiency that are associated with a variety of learning contexts including school, home, work, community and leisure. An identical structural model based on previous research is fitted to the IALS data for 18 countries. The results show that even after accounting for all factors, education remains the most important predictor of literacy proficiency. In all countries, however, the total effect of education is significantly mediated through further learning occurring at work, at home and in the community. Therefore, the job and other literacy related factors complement education in predicting literacy proficiency. This result points to a virtual cycle of lifelong learning, particularly to how educational attainment influences other learning behaviours throughout life. In addition, results show that home background as measured by parents’ education is also a strong predictor of literacy proficiency, but in many countries this occurs only if a favourable home background is complemented with some post-secondary education.</p><p><u>Study III. The effect of literacy proficiency on earnings: An aggregated occupational approach using the Canadian IALS data</u></p><p>This study uses data from the Canadian Adult Literacy Survey to estimate the earnings return to literacy skills. The approach adapts a labour segmented view of the labour market by aggregating occupations into seven types, enabling the estimation of the variable impact of literacy proficiency on earnings, both within and between different types of occupations. This is done using Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM). The method used to construct the aggregated occupational classification is based on analysis that considers the role of cognitive and other skills in relation to the nature of occupational tasks. Substantial premiums are found to be associated with some occupational types even after adjusting for within occupational differences in individual characteristics such as schooling, literacy proficiency, labour force experience and gender. Average years of schooling and average levels of literacy proficiency at the between level account for over two-thirds of the premiums. Within occupations, there are significant returns to schooling but they vary depending on the type of occupations. In contrast, the within occupational return of literacy proficiency is not necessarily significant. The latter depends on the type of occupation.</p><p><u>Study IV: Determinants of economic and social outcomes from a lifewide learning perspective in Canada</u></p><p>In this study the relationship between learning in different contexts, which span the lifewide learning dimension, and individual earnings on the one hand and community participation on the other are examined in separate but comparable models. Data from the Canadian Adult Literacy Survey are used to estimate structural models, which correspond closely to the common conceptual framework outlined in Study I. The findings suggest that the relationship between formal education and economic and social outcomes is complex with confounding effects. The results indicate that learning occurring in different contexts and for different reasons leads to different kinds of benefits. The latter finding suggests a potential trade-off between realizing economic and social benefits through learning that are taken for either job-related or personal-interest related reasons.</p><p><u>Study V: The effects of learning on economic and social well being: A comparative analysis</u></p><p>Using the same structural model as in Study IV, hypotheses are comparatively examined using the International Adult Literacy Survey data for Canada, Denmark, the Netherlands, Norway, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The main finding from Study IV is confirmed for an additional five countries, namely that the effect of initial schooling on well being is more complex than a direct one and it is significantly mediated by subsequent learning. Additionally, findings suggest that people who devote more time to learning for job-related reasons than learning for personal-interest related reasons experience higher levels of economic well being. Moreover, devoting too much time to learning for personal-interest related reasons has a negative effect on earnings except in Denmark. But the more time people devote to learning for personal-interest related reasons tends to contribute to higher levels of social well being. These results again suggest a trade-off in learning for different reasons and in different contexts.</p>

Keičiantis visuomenei, keičiasi ir mokykla, taip pat ir pedagogai, kurie rengia jaunąją kartą gyvenimui. Nuo dabartinių vaikų priklauso ne tik jų pačių, bet ir mūsų ateitis. Formuojat naujos mokyklos įvaizdį, jos vadovams iškyla būtinybė skatinti pedagogus įgyti ne tik profesinių, bet ir vadybos žinių bei įgūdžių.Ir tai gali būti laikoma viena svarbesnių ugdymo proceso modernizavimo ir optimizavimo prielaidų. Norint apsaugoti ugdytinius, juos išauklėti dorais žmonėmis ir ištikimais piliečiais mokytojas turi nuolat mokytis, tobulinti profesinę kvalifikaciją. Darbo tikslas ištirti pedagogų požiūrį į mokymasi visą gyvenimą galimybes sociologiniu aspektu.Tyrimo metu pasitvirtino abi iškeltos hipotezės, t.y.Lietuvoje nėra vieningos motyvuotos sisteminės metodikos, kuri kryptingai užtikrintų pedagogų norą mokytis visą gyvenimą ir tobulėti; mokymasis visą gyvenimą neatsiejamas su asmenybės saviraiškos saviugdos bei perspektyvesnėmis karjeros galimybėmis bei švietimo darbuotojų mokymasis, kvalifikacijos kėlimas yra prioritetiniai sistemos funkcionavimo veiksniai užtikrinantys tikslų bei kokybiškų resultatų efektyvumą.Išanalizavus ir apibendrinus respondentų atsakymus į klausimus, galima teigti, jog iš vadovų patirties pedagogai tobulinant kvalifikaciją susiduria su įvairiais sunkumais:metodų parinkimas seminarų metu,laikas,vieta,dokumentacijų gausa,finansavimas, motyvacija . / Changing society, changing school, including teachers, who are preparing the young for life. Since children today depends not only on their own, but also our future. In shaping the image of the new school, its leaders seem necessary to encourage teachers to acquire not only professional, but also the management of knowledge and skills. And it may be regarded as one of the more important of the educational process of modernization and optimization possibilities. To protect personnel, to educate people honest and loyal citizens, teachers must continually learn, improve their professional qualifications. Aim - To investigate the sociological aspect of teachers attitudes to lifelong learning opportunities for Lithuania. The study confirmed both hypotheses set in the beginning, that Lithuanian schools is not a single substantiated in a systematic methodology that focused teachers willingness to provide lifelong learning and improvement, lifelong learning is integral to personal freedom and self career opportunities and education staff learning and qualifications are the priority system element for ensuring the objectives of quality and performance efficiency. The analysis and synthesis of survey responses to questions, it appears that the leaders of the experience of educators to improve the qualifications are facing various difficulties: the use of selection workshops, time, location of the documentation is abundant, funding, motivation.

Le sfide connesse con il concetto di sostenibilità rappresentano un segnavia ineludibile per pensare e attuare qualunque politica di sviluppo nazionale e internazionale. Educazione e comunicazione rappresentano i due elementi cardine su cui si è innestato il discorso relativo alla sostenibilità ambientale e agroalimentare sviluppato in questo lavoro di ricerca. Comunicazione e contenuti veicolati, in relazione a stili di vita sostenibili e responsabili, rappresentano elementi chiave nell’orientare i comportamenti personali ma emerge la necessità di fornire informazioni autentiche, scientificamente rilevanti e fondate. “Una comunicazione della sostenibilità pedagogicamente orientata quale contributo educativo può offrire alle persone e alle comunità per suscitare l’adozione di stili di vita responsabili nell’ottica di un’ecologia integrale?” Il riferimento alla pedagogia della comunicazione educativa e i casi emblematici oggetto di studio mettono in luce la necessità di costruire alleanze orientate alla realizzazione di un patto educativo e generativo tra ricerca, istituzioni, imprese e consumatori. L’educazione lungo tutto l’arco della vita – lifelong learning – è l’ineludibile chiave interpretativa che l’accostamento dei temi del presente lavoro di ricerca suggerisce. Investire sui giovani e sugli adulti per metterli in grado di innestare la sensibilità acquisita nelle proprie azioni quotidiane e in quelle della comunità. Essere e agire CollegialMente Green! / Challenges related to the concept of sustainability represent an unavoidable aspect for thinking and implementing any national and international development policy. Education and communication are the two key elements on which is grafted the discourse on environmental and agrofood sustainability that is developed in this research. In relation to sustainable and responsible lifestyles, the communication and its messages can have strong influence on personal behavior but there is a need to provide authentic information, relevant and scientifically founded. “A sustainability communication, pedagogically oriented, what educational contribution can offer to people and communities for the adoption of responsible lifestyles according to integral ecology?” The reference to pedagogy of educational communication and emblematic cases under study highlight the need to build alliances oriented to the creation of an educational and generative agreement between research, institutions, businesses and consumers. Lifelong learning is the inescapable interpretive key that the combination of themes in this research suggests. Invest on young people and adults to enable them to engage the sensitivity acquired in their daily actions and in those of the community. Be and act CollegialMente Green!

Lifelong education of general nurses has been permanently a very current and topical issue, especially in connection with the necessity to introduce new standards of education of non- medical health professionals following the Czech Republic's accession to the European Union, in connection with implementation of the Act No. 96/2004 Coll., on conditions of acquiring and recognizing professional qualifications to perform non-medical health care professions, in connection with amendments of this legislation which brought about not only changes into the way of lifelong education but also increased the competences of nurses, but also in connection with preparation of a new legislation which shall replace the Act No. 96/2004 Coll. on non-medical health professions, and shall, due to dissatisfaction with the existing system, completely alter the concept of both professional and lifelong education. This degree thesis deals with the issues of lifelong education of general nurses. The main objective is to map the issues of lifelong education of general nurses and determine the level of satisfaction with lifelong education of general nurses, namely of general nurses working in hospitals within the Region of Karlovy Vary. The theoretical part of the thesis provides general information on lifelong education and...

The population is getting older. Prognosis predict increasing numbers of people in the age group 65+ in the future. Therefore, it is necessary to think about involving senior citizens in social development and supporting their self-sufficiency up to a higher age. Education is one of the ways to achieve that. The focus of this thesis is on education within the Universities of the Third Age, which it studies from a new point of view. Hardiness is seen as part of personal characteristics which helps the individual cope with stressful situations. Research in this thesis is trying to find out if the senior citizens attending the Universities of the Third Age have a higher scores on hardiness then those who do not attend, and also whether they have a more positive outlook on their health and meaning of their lives. The thesis also studies whether the scores on hardiness depends on gender, formal education level and whether it is connected to perceived social support. The results show that there is no difference in the scores on hardiness resulting from gender. Senior citizens attending the Universities of the Third Age have a more positive outlook on their health and they also perceive their lives as more meaningful. No difference in the scores on hardiness was found between the two groups. Also, no...

This master thesis introduces the issue of individual concepts that affect the psychological and motor processes, occurring at people with physical disabilities. It addresses the definition of the basic concepts within both historical and present context. The thesis considers what kind of connection and relationships exist behind the failures of the body scheme and the human psyche, and in greater detail deals with methods that work to improve the quality of life for a person with a physical disability. The research part establishes the situation of comprehensive rehabilitation in the Czech Republic. It is developed according to the preliminary areas: lifelong learning, the status of the comprehensive rehabilitation and procedures used in caring for a person with a physical disability. KEYWORDS: physical disability, therapeutic methods, psychomotor, neuromotor, lifelong learning, comprehensive rehabilitation.

Introduction: What is meant by the need for education to rest on a scientific basis? According to Skolverket is at the heart of successful school development in education on scientific basis and proven experience. Theoretical starting points: In this section I will highlight the theoretical concepts that include in the work on the scientific basis. The theoretical concepts are: research-based approach, scientific basis, evidence, knowledge, systematic quality work, collegial learning, lifelong learning. Previous research: In this section I will explain what the research says that education should rest on a scientific basis. Then describe what the research says about school development. Then summarize Fröbels pedagogical philosophy and finally summarize the curriculum theory of the preschool. Forskningen säger att Purpose and issues: The purpose of this essay is to seek answers to what it means to preschool shall rest on a scientific basis and how to apply this to the business. Methods: The study is based on a qualitative data collection. The choice is based on the qualitative method is more appropriate for my study because the research question is about examining how preschool teachers perceive meaning with a scientific basis and how they understand their activities in relation to school laws and curriculum. Results: The result showed that preschool teachers experienced a lack of time, support from preschool managers and too little training. Also, the difficulty of transturning research into practice. Discussion: In the discussion section I discuss what came up in the results linked to previous research. I am debating that the results showed that in preschool It becomes more focus on the organizational, that the business will go around and work, instead of focusing on pedagogical issues and how to work research-based. Keywords: research-based approach, scientific basis, evidence, knowledge, systematic quality work, collegial learning, lifelong learning

Philosophiae Doctor - PhD / Comparative analysis of the CPD systems internationally and nationally revealed that CPD is mandatory for some whilst for other countries it is compulsory, but not mandatory for licensing purposes. Licensing occurs on a yearly basis, but CPD recognition is accredited over a time period with expiry deadlines and minimum requirements. A portfolio was a common method of recording and proof of evidence for CPD, and a continuous theme was that CPD is needed to ensure competency. The Nursing Act 33 of 2005 makes provision for CPD for nurses but to date the South African Nursing Council has not yet decided on a model of CPD for implementation for SA nurses. / South Africa

Literature has shown the importance of lifelong learning in the training of today's workforce and the crucial role of Higher Education in preparing graduates for lifelong learning. The aim of the current study is to establish the profile of Medical Radiation Science (MRS) practitioners as lifelong learners and to examine the implications of these findings for MRS undergraduate programs in Australia. The study builds on Candy et. al.'s 1994 report, Developing Lifelong Learners through Undergraduate Education, by drawing on the report's profile of lifelong learners and the features of the undergraduate program that promote lifelong learning. This present study used both quantitative and qualitative approaches, including collating the stakeholders' views on lifelong learning via surveys, one-to-one interviews and focus group discussion.Findings from this study indicate that all stakeholders (MRS practitioners, Heads of MRS Departments, students and teaching staff) viewed lifelong learning to be relevant to the profession and are important attributes for MRS practitioners to attain. However, attributes that were directly related to clinical competencies were more highly valued than attributes which were perceived to be associated with learning competencies. For each of the 25 attributes surveyed, the actual level of attainment fell below the nominated level of importance. Furthermore, the workplace culture was found to be non-supportive of lifelong learning. All MRS courses in Australia promote lifelong learning as one of their course objectives. There is a general trend towards adopting teaching approaches that promote lifelong learning, while assessment methods that promote and evaluate lifelong learning attributes were lagging behind.These findings have implications for both the MRS workplace and the MRS undergraduate courses in Australia. There needs to be greater ++ / dialogue and collaboration between the MRS employers and the universities to address the gap identified in the attributes. A conceptual model integrating lifelong learning in the context of MRS has been introduced to circumnavigate the predicament felt by most respondents that clinical competency must take precedence over all other attributes. Selection criteria by employers for graduates who are entering the workplace for the first time serve as the vital link between the workplace and the universities. By incorporating lifelong learning attributes as an essential part of the selection criteria, students would come to see the relevance of lifelong learning in their undergraduate training. A learning portfolio can be used as a means of demonstrating that the appropriate learning has taken place. There needs to be a closer link between teaching and assessment by aligning the teaching of lifelong learning objectives and activities with the assessment methods. To this end, it is important that teaching staff must be provided with the appropriate professional support to cultivate lifelong learning attributes and to equip them with the appropriate facilitation skills, before the lecturers can be expected to adopt lifelong learning approaches. This research provides a snapshot of lifelong learning in the MRS profession and should assist in the implementation of lifelong learning strategies that would direct the future of the profession.

<p>The aim of this essay is trying to understand the ideological changing process over the last decades and the ideological meaning of the relatively new conception lifelong learning as well, and how it comes that the opportunities offered the individual pre-school child and the individual compulsory-school pupil to assimilate the so important learning, differs so dramatically all though the expressed ambition to offer each and every one equal opportunities. What are the ideological structures that are, and have been in function, that carries and have carried the perceptions of the use and value of fostering and education?</p><p>In a time with the welfare ideology in a hegemonic position, it was seen important that the state took major responsibility for the education of the citizens. In our time, it appears, an economist ideology has taken the hegemonic position, and education is becoming an increasingly economic issue, and equality is decreasing along with, as in general society, the increasing of segregation within the educational system.</p>