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Syftet med studien var att beskriva hur nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskor upplevde sin första tid i yrket utifrån känslor, tankar, stöd och bemötande. Studien genomfördes som en kvalitativ intervjustudie med fyra informanter som arbetat på Gävle sjukhus mellan 6-18 månader. Resultatet redovisades utifrån studiens frågeställningar och visade att nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskor upplevde många olika känslor och tankar inför sin nya yrkesroll. Känslor såsom rädsla, nervositet och förväntan var några exempel. Stödet och bemötandet från andra sjuksköterskor och närmaste chef var övervägande bra, medan bemötandet från under-sköterskor och läkare upplevdes som mindre bra. Faktorer som ödmjukhet, trygghet och erfarenhet var något som sjuksköterskorna utvecklade med tiden och det underlättades av att de gavs utrymme för att vara nya och osäkra. En bra introduktion på arbetsplatsen var också underlättande. Slutsatsen som dras är att merparten av nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskor går igenom en liknande känslomässig process under den första tiden i yrket. Det som kan påverka den processen positivt eller negativt är de yttre faktorerna; utbildning, introduktion samt teamwork och det är dessa som det behövs bättre planering kring. / The aim of the study was to describe how newly graduated nurses experienced their first period of time in the profession on the basis of emotions, thoughts, support and treatment. The study was conducted as a qualitative interview study with four participants who had worked at Gävle Hospital between 6-18 months. The results were reported from the question formulations in the study and showed that newly graduated nurses experienced many different emotions and thoughts with their new professional role. Feelings such as fear, nervousness and anticipation were a few examples. The support and the interaction between other nurses and the manager of the ward were considered good, while the interaction with the assistant nurses and doctors worked less well. Factors such as humility, experience and gaining security in their new profession was something that the nurses developed over time and it was facilitated by the fact that they were given the space to be new and insecure. A good introduction to the ward was also facilitation. The conclusion reached is that the majority of newly graduated nurses goes through a similar emotional process in their first period of time in the profession. What can affect the process positively or negatively is the external factors; education, introduction and teamwork, and it is those factors that needs better planning.

Un pic de 60Fe récemment observé dans une croûte ferromanganésienne a été interprété comme la trace de l'explosion d'une supernova qui aurait explosé, suffisamment proche du système solaire pour qu'elle puisse y déposer son empreinte sur la Terre, il y a 2.8 ° 0.4 millions d'années (Myr). Pour confirmer cette interprétation, d'une part avec une meilleure résolution temporelle, d'autre part en ayant accès à la mesure simultanée d'autres isotopes dans différentes phases géochimiques, les sédiments marins sont un outil particulièrement adapté. Ce travail a pour objectif de rechercher dans les sédiments marins les résidus de cette supernova sous forme d'anomalies isotopiques. Les trois principaux noyaux auxquels nous nous sommes intéressés sont l'129I, le 60Fe, et l'26Al, tous trois mesurés sous forme de rapports isotopiques par Spectrométrie de Masse par Accélérateur (SMA). Quantifier le flux des noyaux correspondant à la signature de cette supernova permettrait de mieux contraindre les modèles théoriques de nucléosynthèse stellaire. Ces résidus sont des isotopes produits par une séquence de combustions hydrostatiques pendant l'évolution stellaire et/ou par nucléosynthèse explosive lors de l'explosion de la supernova. Les conditions qui règnent au moment de l'explosion (température, densité de neutrons) permettent de penser que les supernovae pourraient être le site astrophysique du processus r.<br />L'étude en 129I a montré que la mesure de rapports 129I/127I pré-anthropogéniques nécessite un contrôle très strict des différentes sources possibles de contaminations en 129I, et ce d'autant plus lorsque l'on travaille avec de petites quantités d'iode (quelques microgrammes). Cette étude a permis de révéler un écart de plusieurs ordres de grandeurs entre la valeur pré-anthropogénique théorique et expérimentale du rapport 129I/127I dans le milieu marin. Les mesures SMA en 60Fe et 26Al ont permis d'établir, dans la phase authigène des sédiments marins, l'absence de signal en 60Fe sur la zone temporelle correspondant au signal observé dans la croûte Fe-Mn (2.4-3.2 Myr), ainsi qu'en 26Al de 2.6 à 3.2 Myr.

This thesis examines the lived experience of economic migration of young and degree level educated migrants from Poland to Britain. The main aim is to explore how the participants of economic migration within the borders of the European Union experience migrating. The special feature of this migration is the fact that they leave a postcommunist country and come to a country with a well established capitalist economy and long-standing democracy. The particular questions are: how these migrants construct their experience of migrating, are they faced with any problems while doing it, and if so - how do they resolve them? The data comes from twenty-two semi-structured interviews with migrants educated to degree level who were residents and worked in one of the regions of England at a professional level or below their qualifications (manual or simple clerical work). The research utilises the critical discourse analysis perspective; the data is approached with analysis focused on linguistic choices (lexical and grammatical) evident in the respondents’ statements. This kind of analysis enables observation and in-depth interpretation of the way experiences of migrating are constructed. The migrants’ narratives were full of discursive struggle while constructing their experience of migrating. Firstly, the interviewees made an effort to present their migration as rational. Secondly, they were trying to rationalise their financial needs to refute accusations of greed for money. Thirdly, the underemployed migrants justified their employment choices by distancing themselves from work below that which they were qualified for. Fourthly, the interviewees were making an attempt to withdraw from a multicultural community by constructing the negative Other. Exploring lived experience of living and working abroad reveals competitive discourses and ways of coping with ambivalence. Understanding these discursive practices requires knowledge of their beliefs and values that underpin the discourses available in the Polish postcommunist society. Overall, the narratives overflowed with dilemmas that showed this migration as more complicated on an individual level than the official discourse of free movement of people in the EU suggests. This thesis captures the migrants’ lived experience within one year after the EU enlargement; it reflects on the narratives being shaped when migrants were given the opportunity to introduce the new discourses on migration or re-think the old ones as a result of new macro-processes in the European Union. This research complements other studies exploring migrants’ voices in search of insight into what their experiences were and how they made sense out of them. However, with the methodology used, it focuses more on uncovering the struggle over arguments available to build their stories. It offers explanation to their discursive practices by analysing them against the discourses as being products of postcommunism. The study’s results may shed more light on recent processes within this group of migrants and also inform institutional policy and practice about problems affecting members of this group, reported in this thesis.

A shortage of academic literature exists on North American backyard chicken (BYC) keeping. This is particularly apparent when we ask why people keep backyard chickens in North American cities. This thesis examines individuals’ motivations and lived experiences with raising non-permitted BYC within the City of Winnipeg, using a phenomenological approach and Hanisch’s (2006) the Personal is Political theoretical perspective. Participants were motivated to keep BYC for food production, learning opportunities, leisure and companionship. Motivations were personal and often partly political. Sources of satisfaction derived from keeping BYC included food products, by-products and production, increased sense of connection, enjoyment, leisure, entertainment and companionship, learning opportunities, and doing what felt right. Fear of being found out, isolation and negative stereotypes were challenges experienced. Should the existing bylaw change, permitting BYC on residential Winnipeg properties, participants recommended imposing BYC-specific regulations and public education as a way of addressing concerns and mitigating potential issues. / October 2015

In the first part of this dissertation, recent efforts to understand quantum mechanical effects in biological systems are discussed. Especially, long-lived quantum coherences observed during the electronic energy transfer process in the Fenna-Matthews-Olson complex at physiological condition are studied extensively using theories of open quantum systems. In addition to the usual master equation based approaches, the effect of the protein structure is investigated in atomistic detail through the combined application of quantum chemistry and molecular dynamics simulations. To evaluate the thermalized reduced density matrix, a path-integral Monte Carlo method with a novel importance sampling approach is developed for excitons coupled to an arbitrary phonon bath at a finite temperature. In the second part of the thesis, simulations of molecular systems and applications to vibrational spectra are discussed. First, the quantum dynamics of a molecule is simulated by combining semiclassical initial value representation and density funcitonal theory with analytic derivatives. A computationally-tractable approximation to the sum-of-states formalism of Raman spectra is subsequently discussed.

Teachers' use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the classroom has largely been studied to date with a focus on what is lacking. An important aspect that seems to have been understudied is how teachers' own histories and experiences of ICT connects to their teaching practices - in essence, focussing on what is 'present' and not what is 'missing'. This study examines five teachers working in the same school, but working very differently with ICT in their classrooms. The narratives of their lived experiences highlight the acquisition of their beliefs, attitudes and their in situ behaviours about the role of ICT in the classroom. A critical look at the factors responsible for shaping such behaviours suggests the value of understanding individuals' experiences when planning for technology-utilization, rather than prescribing a &quot;teacher-proof&quot; (Connelly &amp; Clandinin, 1988) approach to technology uptake.

Depuis plusieurs années, la définition des soins palliatifs a été élargie pour inclure toutes les maladies ayant un pronostic réservé. Le Québec s’est doté d’une politique de soins palliatifs dont l’un des principes directeurs est de maintenir les patients dans leur milieu de vie naturel. Alors que présentement environ 10 % de la population nécessitant des soins palliatifs en reçoit, on peut s’attendre à une augmentation des demandes de soins palliatifs à domicile dans les CSSS du Québec. La présente étude a pour but de décrire et comprendre l’expérience de dispenser des soins palliatifs à domicile pour des infirmières travaillant dans un contexte non spécialisé. Une étude qualitative ayant comme perspective disciplinaire la théorie de l’humain-en-devenir de Parse a été réalisée. Des entrevues ont été effectuées auprès de huit infirmières travaillant au maintien à domicile d’un CSSS de la région de Montréal qui font des soins palliatifs dans un contexte non spécialisé. L’analyse des données a été effectuée selon la méthode d’analyse phénoménologique de Giorgi (1997). Les résultats s’articulent autour de trois thèmes qui décrivent l’expérience de dispenser des soins palliatifs à domicile pour des infirmières qui travaillent dans un contexte non spécialisé. Elles accompagnent les patients et leur famille, en s’engageant à donner des soins humains, et développant une relation d’accompagnement avec le patient et ses proches. Elles doivent composer avec les réactions du patient et de sa famille et doivent parfois informer le patient de la progression de son état de santé. De plus, elles se préoccupent de donner des soins de qualité en composant avec la complexité des soins palliatifs à domicile tout en s’assurant de soulager les symptômes des patients et de tenter de développer leur expertise. Finalement, le fait d’être confrontée à la mort permet de cheminer. Ainsi, les infirmières vivent des émotions, reçoivent du soutien, sont touchées personnellement par la mort, éprouvent de la satisfaction envers les soins qu’elles donnent et apprennent personnellement de leur expérience. L’essence du phénomène à l’étude est que lorsque les infirmières font un véritable accompagnement du patient et de sa famille en s’efforçant de donner des soins de qualité, cela crée des conditions permettant qu’un cheminement personnel et professionnel sur la vie et la mort soit effectué par les infirmières. / In the past few years, the definition of palliative care was extended to include all diseases with a poor prognosis. The province of Quebec modified the health care system to focus more on ambulatory care and created a palliative care policy with one of its principal directives being to maintain patients in their own milieu. As only 10% of patients requiring palliative care presently receive it, we can expect an increase in demands for palliative home care in the CSSS’s of Quebec. The goal of the present study is to describe and understand the lived experiences of the nurses of a CSSS of the Montreal sector who deliver palliative home care in a nonspecialized context. A qualitative phenomenological research was developed with the Human Becoming Theory of R.R. Parse as a theoretical framework. Eight semi-directed interviews were done with nurses working in home care of a CSSS of the Montreal region. These nurses do palliative care in a non-specialized context. Giorgi’s (1997) phenomenological method was used for data analysis. Three themes describing the experiences of home care nurses providing palliative care in a non specialized context emerged from the analysis. Nurses accompany patients and their families, by committing themselves to providing humane care and by developing an accompaniment relationship with the patient and his/her loved ones. Nurses must cope with the patient’s and family’s reactions and often need to inform the patient of the progression of his/her disease. Secondly, nurses are dedicated to provide quality care by dealing with the complexity of providing palliative care at home, while doing symptoms management and attempting to develop their expertise. Finally, the theme which has the most interesting results is that being confronted by death allows nurses to grow. Nurses personally go through emotions, received support, are personally touched by death, experience satisfaction by the care they give and personally learn by their experience. The essence of the phenomenon is that when nurses providing palliative home care in a non specialized context accompany truly patients and their family, while giving quality care, it creates conditions for the nurses to grow personally and professionally on their views of life and death.

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<p><font face="Times New Roman">This study explored the lived experience of spouses living with depressed partners. A qualitative phenomenological,&nbsp / exploratory study design was used to explore the lived experience of the spouses, identifying the coping strategies and challenges that they face as they live with the depressed partners. A purposive sample of seven spouses living with their depressed partners who were being treated in outpatient department were recruited to participate in the study.</font></p> <p align="left">In-depth, face-to-face interviews were conducted, audiotaped with the participants&rsquo / permission and transcribed verbatim. The data from the transcripts, field notes, and demographic questionnaires was organized ready for analysis. Thematic data analysis was used to code the data, and group the codes to form categories. The categories were further regrouped to form themes. The themes were conceptualized and contextualized to uncover the meaning that the spouse carers attached to the lived experience.</p> <p align="left">It emerged that most of the spouses described their partners and the relationship negatively due to the burden of care. The male carers as compared to the female carers expressed the negativity more and it impacted on the quality of care they were providing to the depressed partners. It was revealed that inadequate professional support was linked with the ineffective coping strategies employed by the spouse carers. Hence, most of the spouse carers presented with symptoms of depression and were at the stage of impoverishment according to the adaptive potential assessment model. A recommendation to involve spouse carers in the treatment plan and improve the support system to the spouse carers was made to the stakeholders of health service providers at the primary health level.</p>