Techn. Hochsch., Diss., 2002--Aachen.

Techn. University, Diss., 2005--Darmstadt.

Zugl.: Jena, Univ., Habil.-Schr., 2004

In this thesis we discuss a moduli space of projective curves with a map to a given projective space. The functor CM parametrizes curves, that is, Cohen-Macaulay schemes of pure dimension 1, together with a finite map to the projective space that is an isomorphism onto its image away from a finite set of closed points. We proof that CM is an algebraic space by contructing a scheme W and a representable, surjective and smooth map from W to CM. / QC 20120229

This thesis consists of three articles. The first two concern a generalization of Rees algebras of ideals to modules. Paper A shows that the definition of the Rees algebra due to Eisenbud, Huneke and Ulrich has an equivalent, intrinsic, definition in terms of divided powers. In Paper B, we use coherent functors to describe properties of the Rees algebra. In particular, we show that the Rees algebra is induced by a canonical map of coherent functors. In Paper C, we prove a generalization of Gotzmann's persistence theorem to finite modules. As a consequence, we show that the embedding of the Quot scheme of points into a Grassmannian is given by a single Fitting ideal. / <p>QC 20141218</p>

This thesis explores the topic of Galois theory at a relatively introductory level with the goal of proving the Abel Ruffini theorem. In the first part algebraic structures are considered: groups, ring, fields, etc. Following this, polynomial rings are introduced and the attention is then turned to finite field-extensions. In the final section of the main text solvable extensions are studied and the Abel-Ruffini theorem is proved. The discussion section gives a brief overview of analytic methods of solving polynomial-equations. / Den här uppsatsen utforskar Galoisteorin för att bevisa Abel-Ruffinis sats. I den första delen är algebraiska strukturer i fokus: Grupper, ringar, kroppar, etc. Efter detta intrduceras polynom-ringar, och fokuset vänds sedan till ändliga kropps-utvidgningar. I den sista delen av huvudtexten så studeras lösbara förvidgningar och Abel-Ruffini's sats bevisas. Diskusionen ger en översikt över analytiska lösningar av polynom-ekvationer.

<p>This thesis treats ultrasheaves, sheaves on the category of ultrafilters. </p><p>In the classical theory of ultrapowers, you start with an ultrafilter and, given a structure, you construct the ultrapower of the structure over the ultrafilter. The fundamental result is Los's theorem for ultrapowers giving the connection between what formulas are satisfied in the ultrapower and in the original structure. In this thesis we instead start with the category of ultrafilters (denoted <b>U</b>). On this category <b>U</b> we build the topos of sheaves on <b>U</b> (the ultrasheaves), which we think of as generalized ultrapowers. </p><p>The theorem for ultrapowers corresponding to Los's theorem is Moerdijk's theorem, first proved by Moerdijk for the topos Sh(<b>F</b>) of sheaves on filters. In the thesis we prove that Los's theorem follows from Moerdijk's theorem. We also investigate the exact relation between the topos of ultrasheaves and Moerdijk's topos Sh(<b>F</b>) and prove that Sh(<b>U</b>) is the double negation subtopos of Sh(<b>F</b>). </p><p>The connection between ultrapowers and ultrasheaves is investigated in detail. We also prove some model theoretic results for ultrasheaves, for instance we prove that they are saturated models. The Rudin-Keisler ordering is a tool used in set theory to study ultrafilters. It has a strong relationship to the category <b>U</b>. Blass has given a model theoretic characterization of this ordering and in the thesis we give a new proof of his result. </p><p>One common use of ultrapowers is to give non-standard models. In the thesis we prove that you can model internal set theory (IST) in the ultrasheaves. IST, introduced by Nelson, is a non-standard set theory, an axiomatic approach to non-standard mathematics.</p>

This thesis treats ultrasheaves, sheaves on the category of ultrafilters. In the classical theory of ultrapowers, you start with an ultrafilter and, given a structure, you construct the ultrapower of the structure over the ultrafilter. The fundamental result is Los's theorem for ultrapowers giving the connection between what formulas are satisfied in the ultrapower and in the original structure. In this thesis we instead start with the category of ultrafilters (denoted <b>U</b>). On this category <b>U</b> we build the topos of sheaves on <b>U</b> (the ultrasheaves), which we think of as generalized ultrapowers. The theorem for ultrapowers corresponding to Los's theorem is Moerdijk's theorem, first proved by Moerdijk for the topos Sh(<b>F</b>) of sheaves on filters. In the thesis we prove that Los's theorem follows from Moerdijk's theorem. We also investigate the exact relation between the topos of ultrasheaves and Moerdijk's topos Sh(<b>F</b>) and prove that Sh(<b>U</b>) is the double negation subtopos of Sh(<b>F</b>). The connection between ultrapowers and ultrasheaves is investigated in detail. We also prove some model theoretic results for ultrasheaves, for instance we prove that they are saturated models. The Rudin-Keisler ordering is a tool used in set theory to study ultrafilters. It has a strong relationship to the category <b>U</b>. Blass has given a model theoretic characterization of this ordering and in the thesis we give a new proof of his result. One common use of ultrapowers is to give non-standard models. In the thesis we prove that you can model internal set theory (IST) in the ultrasheaves. IST, introduced by Nelson, is a non-standard set theory, an axiomatic approach to non-standard mathematics.

Zugl.: Bochum, Univ., Diss., 2005/2006

Universiẗat, Diss.--Köln, 2007.