Accepting that one of the main duties of an architect is mastering the tectonic expression of the building and its architectural effect, could there be a mechanism that allows a building or object to change its expression? Could the envelope of a building respond to its exterior context or internal function by changing its appearance? How can the elements of a building screen - whether in wall or roof - change their orientation and configuration to express a response to environments inside or outside? We know that the modern ideas of "wall-free structure" and "transparency" have begun to change the concept of building envelopes. These changes have allowed envelopes to become lighter, less opaque, and more flexible; and as a result the architect has more freedom in exterior expression. In the Seagram Tower, for instance, while I-beams emphasize the vertical effect of the tower, the glass envelope allows the building to change its surface effect from day to night. Having more freedom in the exterior expression of buildings has not only brought transparency but also opened a door for a greater interaction between inside and outside. If, in the past, the exterior walls of a building, limited by structural needs, had to carry its weight, today, analogous with living nature, the use of a structural skeleton gives much more freedom of expression and interaction to the exterior envelope of the buildings. Rooted in the ground and running through the building's mass, instead of outside it, the skeleton takes on the load of the building, and masonry walls can be replaced with partitioning envelopes that are open to freer interpretation. Influenced by engineers and architects like Chuck Hoberman and Santiago Calatrava, my areas of study since 1997 have been focused on the subject of movement in structures and kinetic architectural elements. I have approached this subject from two points of view. While my first study models explored the ways structures can be folded and transformed, this book is about the investigation and study of envelopes and tectonic planes that can be manipulated through operable mechanisms to change their interior or exterior expression. This study is based on the separation between the mechanisms which are the cause of the movements in the models and the kinetic planes in envelopes that have the duty of interaction between inside and outside. If folding of structures in the early stages of my studies resulted in "metamorphosis", my current work is about studying mechanisms that change the surface of an envelope and result in "transmutation". / Master of Architecture

The aim of our study is to ascertain whether a hanging suspension fluorescentlamp for a private home environment is going to be attractive for a largeaudience. We want to open up for new uses of fluorescent lamps as lightsources.The main approach in this work is how to design a fixture with fluorescentlamps as a light source that will meet the requirements and requests of thehome environment could look like. At the same time we want to make a newimpression of how a fluorescent light source.Primarily we used a quantitative method, but this was rejected after a pilotstudy. Instead we used a qualitatively based method in the sense that weconducted a group interview as well as individual interviews.Based on data from the interviews and our preliminary work a prototype wasbuilt. This prototype is a fluorescent fixture equipped with 2x14W T5fluorescent lamps, dimmed separately. The shape can be described as a soft,organic elongated oval. The luminary screen is made of rice paper, which givesa soft and pleasant light transmission. Access to the interior and electronics isprovided via the open ends of the screen, which is concealed by two endcapsules in plastic. The luminary is a hanging suspension via two wires fromthe ceiling, down to a metal bracket with the same curvature as the luminaryscreen. This metal bracket is then attached to the fixture with wires attached tothe interior, which in turn holds the screen.Our main conclusion is that you can create a very attractive light fitting for theprivate home market. In addition, we concluded that in order to achievesufficient data in a quantitative based study you need more time than what ispermitted within the timeframe of our work. We believe more in the idea offirst develop a good and functional prototype and then ask a panel ofprospective customers what they think about it. Their response will thereafterbe worked in to the final product.KeywordsFluorescent Luminary, fluorescent lamps, fluorescent lamps and luminaries,market, rice paper, dimmableAbstractThe aim of our study is to ascertain whether a hanging suspension fluorescentlamp for a private home environment is going to be attractive for a largeaudience. We want to open up for new uses of fluorescent lamps as lightsources.The main approach in this work is how to design a fixture with fluorescentlamps as a light source that will meet the requirements and requests of thehome environment could look like. At the same time we want to make a newimpression of how a fluorescent light source.Primarily we used a quantitative method, but this was rejected after a pilotstudy. Instead we used a qualitatively based method in the sense that weconducted a group interview as well as individual interviews.Based on data from the interviews and our preliminary work a prototype wasbuilt. This prototype is a fluorescent fixture equipped with 2x14W T5fluorescent lamps, dimmed separately. The shape can be described as a soft,organic elongated oval. The luminary screen is made of rice paper, which givesa soft and pleasant light transmission. Access to the interior and electronics isprovided via the open ends of the screen, which is concealed by two endcapsules in plastic. The luminary is a hanging suspension via two wires fromthe ceiling, down to a metal bracket with the same curvature as the luminaryscreen. This metal bracket is then attached to the fixture with wires attached tothe interior, which in turn holds the screen.Our main conclusion is that you can create a very attractive light fitting for theprivate home market. In addition, we concluded that in order to achievesufficient data in a quantitative based study you need more time than what ispermitted within the timeframe of our work. We believe more in the idea offirst develop a good and functional prototype and then ask a panel ofprospective customers what they think about it. Their response will thereafterbe worked in to the final product. Keywords Fluorescent Luminary, fluorescent lamps, fluorescent lamps and luminaries,market, rice paper, dimmable

<p>The aim of our study is to ascertain whether a hanging suspension fluorescentlamp for a private home environment is going to be attractive for a largeaudience. We want to open up for new uses of fluorescent lamps as lightsources.The main approach in this work is how to design a fixture with fluorescentlamps as a light source that will meet the requirements and requests of thehome environment could look like. At the same time we want to make a newimpression of how a fluorescent light source.Primarily we used a quantitative method, but this was rejected after a pilotstudy. Instead we used a qualitatively based method in the sense that weconducted a group interview as well as individual interviews.Based on data from the interviews and our preliminary work a prototype wasbuilt. This prototype is a fluorescent fixture equipped with 2x14W T5fluorescent lamps, dimmed separately. The shape can be described as a soft,organic elongated oval. The luminary screen is made of rice paper, which givesa soft and pleasant light transmission. Access to the interior and electronics isprovided via the open ends of the screen, which is concealed by two endcapsules in plastic. The luminary is a hanging suspension via two wires fromthe ceiling, down to a metal bracket with the same curvature as the luminaryscreen. This metal bracket is then attached to the fixture with wires attached tothe interior, which in turn holds the screen.Our main conclusion is that you can create a very attractive light fitting for theprivate home market. In addition, we concluded that in order to achievesufficient data in a quantitative based study you need more time than what ispermitted within the timeframe of our work. We believe more in the idea offirst develop a good and functional prototype and then ask a panel ofprospective customers what they think about it. Their response will thereafterbe worked in to the final product.KeywordsFluorescent Luminary, fluorescent lamps, fluorescent lamps and luminaries,market, rice paper, dimmableAbstractThe aim of our study is to ascertain whether a hanging suspension fluorescentlamp for a private home environment is going to be attractive for a largeaudience. We want to open up for new uses of fluorescent lamps as lightsources.The main approach in this work is how to design a fixture with fluorescentlamps as a light source that will meet the requirements and requests of thehome environment could look like. At the same time we want to make a newimpression of how a fluorescent light source.Primarily we used a quantitative method, but this was rejected after a pilotstudy. Instead we used a qualitatively based method in the sense that weconducted a group interview as well as individual interviews.Based on data from the interviews and our preliminary work a prototype wasbuilt. This prototype is a fluorescent fixture equipped with 2x14W T5fluorescent lamps, dimmed separately. The shape can be described as a soft,organic elongated oval. The luminary screen is made of rice paper, which givesa soft and pleasant light transmission. Access to the interior and electronics isprovided via the open ends of the screen, which is concealed by two endcapsules in plastic. The luminary is a hanging suspension via two wires fromthe ceiling, down to a metal bracket with the same curvature as the luminaryscreen. This metal bracket is then attached to the fixture with wires attached tothe interior, which in turn holds the screen.Our main conclusion is that you can create a very attractive light fitting for theprivate home market. In addition, we concluded that in order to achievesufficient data in a quantitative based study you need more time than what ispermitted within the timeframe of our work. We believe more in the idea offirst develop a good and functional prototype and then ask a panel ofprospective customers what they think about it. Their response will thereafterbe worked in to the final product.</p><p>Keywords</p><p>Fluorescent Luminary, fluorescent lamps, fluorescent lamps and luminaries,market, rice paper, dimmable</p>

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The aim of master's thesis is implementation of hardware interface database server. Interface will be collecting data at installation place. Interface will be connected to a remote MySQL server using an Ethernet network and saving data received by serial line in a database.

Avec l’avènement de la sexologie à la fin du XIXe siècle, le discours médico-juridique sur les déviances sexuelles et la psychiatrie s’impose dans les sociétés européennes, devenant ainsi la référence en matière de normalité non seulement sexuelle et identitaire, mais aussi, en parallèle, culturelle et morale. Investiguant le domaine littéraire à la recherche de perversions sexuelles, la discipline médico-légale s’empare des personnages et leurs auteurs, désormais tous analysés et critiqués par ce regard « pathologisant ». Sous cet angle, les dandys décadents Paul-Eric de Fertzen dans Les Hors nature (1897) de Rachilde et Dorian Gray dans Le Portrait de Dorian Gray (1890) d’Oscar Wilde sont deux « cas » médicaux exemplaires de déviance androgyne, « homosexuelle » et dégénérescente, car ils ne performent pas (ou mal) la norme hétéronormative et virile en vigueur à l’époque. À l’aide de la théorie queer envisagée comme processus de « “déterritorialisation” de l’hétérosexualité » (Preciado, 2003), ce mémoire remet en question les présupposés historiographiques du « contrat social » (Wittig, 1992) implicite et décloisonne les personnages (et les auteurs) de leurs multiples diagnostics. En relevant dans les trajectoires narratives des protagonistes les ratés initiatiques qui empêchent leur agrégation à la société, dans une perspective ethnocritique, nous nous intéresserons à ce qui construit une identité à la fin du XIXe siècle. Une question principale guide ce travail : comment ces dandys, en étant monstrueux, anormaux, marginaux, mal initiés, se posent-ils en figures queer et « liminaires » (Scarpa, 2009) au sein du récit? / With the advent of sexology at the end of the 19th century, the medico-legal discourse on sexual deviance and psychiatry impose itself in European societies, thus becoming the reference in matters of not only sexual normality and identity, but also, in parallel, in cultural and moral discourse. Investigating the literary field in search of sexual perversions, the forensic discipline seizes the characters and their authors, now all analyzed and criticized by this “pathologizing” gaze. From this angle, the decadent dandies Paul-Eric de Fertzen in Les Hors nature (1897) by Rachilde and Dorian Gray in The Picture of Dorian Gray (1890) by Oscar Wilde are two exemplary medical “cases” of androgynous, “homosexual” and degenerate deviance, because they do not perform (or poorly) the heteronormative and virile norm in force at the time. Using queer theory seen as a process of “‘deterritorialization’ of heterosexuality” (Preciado, 2003), this thesis questions the historiographical presuppositions of the implicit “social contract” (Wittig, 1992) and decompartmentalizes the characters (and the authors) of their multiple diagnosis. By noting in the narrative trajectories of the protagonists the initiation failures that prevent their aggregation into society, from an ethnocritical perspective, we will be interested in what built an identity at the end of the 19th century. A main question guides this work: how these dandies, by being monstrous, abnormal, marginal, poorly initiated, do they pose as queer and “liminary” figures (Scarpa, 2009) within the narrative?

This historical study analyses the holistic dynamics of Ethiopia, taking into account political, social, economic, cultural, religious, and media development aspects, with a focus on the three most recent governments (1930–2014), in relation to freedom of expression. The analysis indicates that the Feudalist-Imperial system was clearly the extension of centuries-old imperial hegemony which had used religious, cultural and patriotic hegemony to stifle freedom of expression. During the Socialist-Military regime every sphere of society, including acts of expression, were oriented towards the revolution and socialist political ideology. During the current ethnically based so-called Revolutionary-Democratic regime, freedom of expression has been stifled by means of legislation, government and party structures, complex surveillance, and social networks. While the instruments of repression have differed, relatively speaking, from government to government, the extent of repression has remained similar over a number of centuries. Threats to freedom of expression derive from rulers or governments, in which instances they are entrenched through policies, laws and bureaucracies, from religious and cultural hegemonies, from poverty and a related lack of education and access to information, and from conflicts, rivalry and wars. These threats have their origins in three main interrelated causal or determining factors, namely the Certainty–Uncertainty Dilemma, Ethno-Luminary Thought and Narcissism, which together form a pyramid beneath which freedom of expression in Ethiopia has been trapped. This pyramid is identified in the study as the Social Pyramid, or the Pyramid of Repression Instruments, and it in turn gives rise to an overall web of suppression, that is, the Pyramid Trap of Repression. The study concludes that the repression of freedom of expression in Ethiopia is likely to remain intact, insofar as the threats to freedom of expression and the factors giving rise to those threats persist. While limited gains concerning the right to freedom of expression are achieved periodically, these are routinely undone and rolled back, since the Pyramid Trap of Repression is not dismantled. / In hierdie historiese studie word die holistiese dinamika van Etiopië ontleed, met inagneming van politieke, sosiale, ekonomiese, kulturele, religieuse, en media-ontwikkelingsaspekte. Daar word op die drie mees onlangse regerings (1930–2014) gefokus, ten opsigte van vrye meningsuiting. Die ontleding dui daarop dat die feodalisties-imperialistiese stelsel duidelik die uitbreiding van eeue-oue imperialistiese hegemonie was wat religieuse, kulturele en patriotiese hegemonie gebruik het om vrye meningsuiting te onderdruk. Gedurende die sosialisties-militêre regime was elke sfeer van die samelewing, insluitende dade van uitdrukking, georiënteer tot die revolusie en sosialisties-politieke ideologie. Tydens die huidige, etnies gebaseerde sogenaamde revolusionêr-demokratiese regime, is vrye meningsuiting onderdruk deur wetgewing, regering- en partystrukture, komplekse bewaking, en sosiale netwerke. Hoewel die instrumente van onderdrukking relatief gesproke verskil het van regering tot regering, het die mate van onderdrukking oor ʼn aantal eeue heen soortgelyk gebly. Bedreigings vir vrye meningsuiting is afkomstig van heersers of regerings (en in sulke gevalle word hulle beveilig deur beleide, wette en burokrasieë), van religieuse en kulturele hegemonieë, van armoede en ʼn verwante gebrek aan opvoeding en toegang tot inligting, en van konflikte, mededinging en oorloë. Hierdie bedreigings het ontstaan vanweë drie vernaamste kousale of bepalende faktore wat onderling verwant is, naamlik die sekerheid-onsekerheid-dilemma, etno-voorligter-denke en narsisme, wat gesamentlik ʼn piramide vorm waaronder vrye meningsuiting in Etiopië vasgevang is. Hierdie piramide word in die studie as die sosiale piramide, of die piramide van onderdrukkingsinstrumente, geïdentifiseer, en dit lei op sy beurt tot ʼn algehele web van onderdrukking – die piramidelokval van onderdrukking. Die gevolgtrekking van die studie is dat die onderdrukking van vrye meningsuiting in Etiopië waarskynlik onaangeroer gaan bly, so lank as wat die bedreigings vir vrye meningsuiting en die faktore wat tot daardie bedreigings aanleiding gee, onveranderd bly. Hoewel beperkte suksesse van tyd tot tyd behaal word rakende die reg tot vrye meningsuiting, word sulke prestasies dikwels ongedaan gemaak, omdat die piramidelokval van onderdrukking nie afgebreek word nie. / Communication Science / D. Litt. et Phil. (Communication)