In this thesis, we present a prototype for search engine to show how such a semantic search application based on ontology techniques contributes to save time for user, and improve the quality of relevant search results compared to a traditional search engine. This system is built as a query improvement module, which uses ontology and sorts the results search based on four predefined categories. The first and important part of the implementation of search engine prototype is to apply ontology to define the meaning and the relations between the queries in default domain of the study. Next, categorization of the results is carried out in order to improve the quality of result search presentation based on categorization-list. The ontology used in this search engine prototype includes sample of terms in safety and security domain, which is capable to be modified in this domain, or can be substituted by another ontology in the other fields of study. The process is continued by searching the enriched query through the Web using Google interface application search engine. The application uses ranking algorithms to categorize and organize the results of Google search in four categories, i.e. History, Mechanism, Prevention, and Case study. The predefined categories can be substituted to the other categories based on user preferences in other studies using different categorizes.

Software innovations can offer organizations with competitive advantages. Research and development entities within the petroleum industry therefore seek to utilize IT capabilities to produce innovative software. Many factors may influence the success or failure of developing and implementing research-based software innovations in organizations. Of these issues the relation between software innovation and IT governance remains largely unexplored in the research literature.This study explores the effects IT governance has on the success or failure of research-based software development projects in an international petroleum company through an interpretive case study. The results of the study are twofold: 1) practical and 2) theoretical.The practical results show that the investigated petroleum company's emphasis on formalization has unfortunate side-effects on successful development and implementation of research-based software in the organization. IT governance, focused on stability of operations, is not well aligned with the corporate strategy of increased innovation. Moreover, the central IT department uses governance structures to guard the boundaries around the department.The theoretical results from the study presented that the impact of IS innovation or digital technology innovation on the research projects and how they can help the researchers to realize their ideas, remain unnoticed in the literature. Furthermore, In IS innovation literature, the organizations’ IS unit is the main responsible for IS innovation and it starts the innovation. However in the presented study R&D department had the main responsibility in innovation and it initiates innovation.

The thesis presents an opinion mining system for song lyrics, which can fetch objects of interest and opinion words about them. Finally, opinion mining result is analyzed in terms of time information and musical genre. In the process of constructing the system, many previous works are reviewed and some of them are applied to the thesis and different methods are compared for reaching a best solution (e.g. explore how to fetch objects f interest). As well, the evaluation of the system has been done by running experiments with a collection of song lyrics containing hundreds of documents. The result from the system is compared with manual identification. The evaluation result shows that the system basically can present topics of one song lyrics and opinion words about them. Finally, opinion mining result from a collection of song lyrics can be analyzed and some interesting things are presented, e.g. fetching most common topics, presenting the number of polarity words for each musical type or different year, opinion change on some common topics as time changes. Besides, we develop a program in Java for collecting song lyrics on Internet from one website. The program can help us collect thousands of song lyrics and search information of song publishing year or musical genre on Wikipedia.org. The work in opinion mining for song lyrics is few at present. The thesis finishes an exploration in the subject and the exploration is valuable and useful for future wok.

AbstractBackground: In an applied engineering field like requirements engineering, the final goal of the research is its adoption by industry. For technology transfer to be possible practitioners need strong evidence for a technology’s applicability and possible benefits. Therefore research on a technology should be done in a realistic setting so that practitioners can use the results to build a strong case for its adoption. Quality requirements are constraints placed on the software. Empirical results show challenges in handling quality requirements, e.g. include late discovery of quality requirements. In addition, we lack technologies that can be used to incorporate them into the final software. Functional and quality requirements differ in nature; treatment given to functional requirements will not always be applicable for quality requirements. Therefore practitioners need decision support material based on empirical evidence to incorporate the suggested technologies.Objective: The purpose of the thesis is to identify technologies for quality requirements that have been empirically evaluated. Methods in relation to elicitation, specification, metrics (or measurement) and testing will be identified with the aim of providing decision support material to practitioners for incorporating quality requirements in the software. To find possible future directions of requirements engineering research, the current state of technology adoption for quality requirements will be identified. Method: The presented research is explorative and investigative in nature. A systematic literature review method was employed to identify potential technologies for adoption. An empirical study was conducted with three participants from three companies to get an insight into the state of technology adoption. Results: The systematic literature review includes 46 papers published between 2000 and 2010. All in all only four of the 46 papers offer high realism and support for technology adoption, i.e. presenting evaluations in a realistic setting, with practitioners using real world industrial applications. Another three papers were found to have potential in terms of furthering technology transfer. A general finding common for many of the papers reviewed is a lack of scientific rigour which affects the credibility of the results. Among the participants in the three companies interviewed, none of the methods presented were used. Conclusions: Technology transfer support for quality requirements technologies is challenged by low strength of evidence. Evaluations of technologies lack descriptions of evaluation design - description of how evaluations have been performed - and validity. There is a need for more and better empirical evaluations of technologies to handle quality requirements. The results of industrial interviews shows the need for more empirical investigations, for example surveys, to identify current industrial practices and technologies able to handle or incorporate quality requirements in projects successfully.

Based on the empirical analysis of the terrorist activities, we can say that developed and globalized countries are more safer than the developing countries. The terrorist attacks are considerably low in these countries.To analyze the role of new technologies in terrorism and the actual use of ICT in terrorism, I have focused on the terrorist groups operating in Pakistan. These groups are taking advantage of these technologies in many ways like, Recruiting, Propaganda, Fund raising etc.Answer to the question of Islamic terrorist threat to the West again based on the empirical analysis. The analysis shows that Islamic terrorism is on continuous decline. Islamic terrorist groups are involved highly in other countries, especially Muslim majority countries. The analysis also showed that there is very less impact of the the new technologies on Islamic terrorism.

LingoBee is a mobile application, which was designed as a tool for language learning. This application assists learners by providing them a community for language learning. This mobile app is running on Android operation system, and using Web 2.0 technology.There are pre-existing social network applications that is used for language learning such as Livemocha. But LingoBee focuses not only on social network sites but also creating communities for language learning.In this thesis I will analyze LingoBee user data collection, in order to evaluate this application. This evaluation is based on two aspects. First, LingoBee can provide an environment for learners to develop their learning process. Second, LingoBee gives the language learning communities the necessary environment to improve. There are too many articles exists on these topics but none of them have consider these to aspects together.

In the course TDT4520 - Specialization Project, the preparatory course to this thesis, we looked at several safety analysis methods and how they could be exploited to identify software hazards in the early stages of development. After our evaluation, and with the results from a survey conducted on experts in the field, we proposed a procedure to improve software hazard identification in the concept phase of projects. The procedure consisted of a Misuse Case analysis with a sub-sequential HAZOP analysis. Our case study showed that this procedure will indeed aid in the identification process. However, testing the procedure on others is needed to see if this is correct. That is the main theme for this thesis. We performed an experiment with undergraduate students and an interview with an expert in the field. We use the results from the experiment to validate our assumptions and identify modifications that might be needed. The experiment gave us a good illustration of how the procedure would work in a real hazard analysis project, and the data collected showed us the differences between it and the more commonly used Preliminary Hazard Analysis. Our hypothesis was that the Misuse Case and HAZOP approach would improve the hazard identification with focus on software. The experiment resulted in no clear difference in non-software parts of the system, but a clear improvement on the software parts. Afterwards we conducted an interview with an expert in the field, in which we clarified many of our questions and assumptions, and aided us in modifying the procedure to the better.Although the procedure still needs to be tested thoroughly with real projects in the industry to make a final decision on whether it has merit or not, our conclusion is that the procedure deserves further attention. Software hazard identification in the concept phase is difficult but based on our findings, the Misuse Case and HAZOP combination can improve this problem.