Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Colorado, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves [460]-494).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--McMaster University, 2005. / Supervisor: Harvey A. Feit. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 238-258). Also available online.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Southern California, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 219-228).

Marine protected areas (MPAs) are increasingly being used as tools for fishery management and marine conservation.  This thesis investigates several aspects of the human dimensions of MPAs in Scotland with the purpose to contribute to the understanding of the attitudes of Scottish inshore fishers towards this management measure. Paper I reviews the literature on fishers’ attitudes towards MPAs.  It reveals that most empirical work collects information on fishers’ attitudes towards three general issues of importance to MPAs: governance, conservation of biodiversity and the environment, and the impact of MPAs on fishing activity. Using data from surveys conducted with Scottish fishers, papers II, III, IV and V investigate fishers’ attitudes towards, and perceptions of, several issues of interest to MPAs.  Plus, multivariate data analysis was used in all papers in order to identify which individual characteristics influence fishers’ attitudes towards, or perceptions about, the issues under investigation.  Papers II, IV and V use data collected on a survey conducted with Scottish inshore fishers in 2006/07, while Paper III uses data from a survey conducted previously (in 2001/02). Paper II investigates Scottish inshore fishers’ perceptions about participation in the decision-making process. Results reveal that around half of the fishers perceived themselves to be informed about management, but most did not perceive themselves to be consulted or involved in the decision-making process. Papers III and IV investigate fishers’ attitudes towards labour mobility.  More precisely, the papers investigate fishers’ willingness to leave the fishing sector, change to another gear or move to another area to remain fishing.  Results reveal that fishers’ attitudes towards leaving the fishing sector were different in the two periods.  In 2002 most fishers were willing to leave the fishing sector (Paper III) while five years later most were not (Paper V).  Most importantly, both papers point to the importance of job satisfaction for fishers. Results point to the importance of understanding the economic, social and cultural contexts of the fishing industry for the success of measures and policies aimed at providing fishers with alternative job opportunities in order to counter impacts of displacement caused by the implementation of MPAs and reduction of the overcapacity of the European fishing fleets. Paper V investigates inshore fishers’ attitudes towards MPAs and issues of relevance to MPAs (e.g. compliance with, and enforcement of, rules, and state of resources). More precisely, the paper investigates the attitudes towards closed areas between users of different gears which are affected by closed areas in different ways.  Results reveal that Scottish inshore fishers are not a homogenous collective; the attitudes towards closed areas differ among users of different gears.

No description available.

No description available.

It has been Taiwan's vision for being an "Ocean Country ", because of the richness and biodiversity of its marine environment. In recent years, the rapid growth in Taiwan¡¦s ocean sector has resulted in a great concern on the degradation and loss of marine resources and habitats, and threatening of coral reefs and endangered species in the marine environment. There is a need to proactively conserve and protect marine ecosystem functions, species, and habitats for future sustainable. For achieving sustainability in the use of marine resources, the approach of marine protected areas (MPAs), similar to Canadian MPA embodied in the Oceans Act, must be implemented to oceans management for the protection of marine environment from land-based activity. This study presents: (1) the planning strategy, site selection and evaluation, community-based policy, and many other factors involved in the establishment of Canadian MPA under the Oceans Act; (2) Development of a management plan for MPA site and the consolidation of the responsibilities of federal, provincial, municipality, community and non government organizations on the establishment and management of the Canadian AOI (Area of Interest) site; (3) the proposed framework for establishing and managing marine protected areas in Taiwan; (4) Assessment and Evaluation of the present sanctuary protected areas that are mostly limited to the local coastal municipalities of Taiwan, i.e., Chinwan Inner Bay of Penghu, Tungsha (Pratas) Island of Kaohsiung. Canada is one of the world leading and experienced countries on the implementation of MPA. In 1997 with the passage of the Canadian Oceans Act, they have established an integrated management procedure, guidelines, and framework in the protection of marine ecosystem. Canada consists of Arctic, Pacific and Atlantic Oceans with the largest continental shelf in the world, and its history has been defined by its surrounding marine environment. The richness and biodiversity of Canada¡¦s oceans provide enormous potential for both present and future generations. Canadian¡¦s MPA approaches on seabed vent, offshore MPA sites, coral protection, protection of endangered or threaten marine species provide valuable and useful example for Taiwan¡¦s MPA planning and framework, especially the involvement of communities to participate, recommend and manage the MPA site.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of North Carolina Wilmington, 2009. / Title from PDF title page (February 17, 2010) Includes bibliographical references (p. 38-44)

Thesis (M. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 117-126).

Marine protected areas (MPAs) cannot be managed outside the context of human societies that are dependent on their associated ecosystems and resources. This means that local people’s perceptions need to be considered in the establishment of MPAs as well as their subsequent management, planning and decision making processes. Accordingly, this study investigated respondents’ perceptions of the Ponta do Ouro – Kosi Bay MPA. The MPA is part of the now proclaimed Lubombo Trans-frontier Conservation Area (TFCA). An interviewer - administered questionnaire was used to obtain primary data from 35 respondents, all resident in the study area and who are involved in various activities based on the coastal area and its marine resources. The focus of the study was on awareness regarding the establishment, impacts of the MPA, the setting of priorities for the MPA and lastly, respondents’ roles and responsibilities The findings from the study reveal low levels of awareness of the establishment of the MPA among respondents, although there was acknowledgement of its potential contribution to biodiversity conservation. Various types of impacts of the establishment of the MPA were noted. The establishment of the MPA was perceived to negatively impact on the access to, and use of, marine resources. It was also felt that the MPA would impact on the exercise of traditional authority. Concerning the setting of future priorities for the MPA, socio-economic considerations, particularly job creation rated highest. Biodiversity conservation ranked highest in terms of factors that should shape the current priorities of the MPA. Overall, tourism and related job creation and biodiversity conservation were identified as the main opportunities associated with the establishment of the MPA. Controlling access to the area, curbing inappropriate resource use, controlling development and ensuring that local people benefit were highlighted as major opportunity benefits. Constraints were mainly considered in relation to the exercise of traditional leadership, access to the area and restrictions in selling of harvested marine resources. Regarding how to collaborate in the MPA, various skills among the respondents were mentioned, with respect to the following areas: enforcement (control, patrols and security) and community relations and awareness (including communication and the translation of documents). Lastly, while the respondents displayed both supportive and unsupportive attitudes as results of perceptions of the intended MPA, in an overall sense, the MPA was considered as a positive development. This was in spite of the perceived weak communications that exist at present between the authorities and local people. Enhanced, communication between authorities in charge of the MPA and local people could help to provide a more positive sentiment towards the MPA. This is particularly true of the local people who, if they understood the rationale for the MPA more fully and how it would impact on their use of the resources of the MPA, would be more likely to support its establishment and existence. / Thesis (M.Env.Dev.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2008.