Thesis--PlanB (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references.

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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2008. / Additional advisors: Robert Collins, Michele Forman, Linda Frost. Description based on contents viewed Oct. 9, 2008; title from PDF t.p.

Diss. : Fakultät fün Sozial-und Verhaltenswissenschaften : Tübingen : 1982. - Bibliogr. p. 266-273. -

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Adolescence has been characterized as a formative time of stress, anxiety, and change. Any index of adolescent development confirms the fact that this is a difficult developmental period. Youths are dealing with demands from a myriad of directions and thus require guidance and skill to optimally grow through this stage. An affective, personal development program designed to address adolescent needs is investigated in this study. Although the literature supports the need for affective, developmental education, little empirical evidence exists to document the impact, value and validity of such educational programs. This study tested a hypothesis that an affective, personal development program would enhance the overall psychological well-being of adolescent participants. A secondary hypothesis was that this educational training would have a differential outcome for gender. Sixty nine subjects, aged fourteen to nineteen, completed the Personal Orientation Inventory: 37 females, 26 males, and 6 returnees. The POI is purported to measure positive mental health; the interviews and questionnaires were designed to reflect the participants' self-perceived gains. Statistical analyses indicated significant positive changes on all POI scales for the pooled male and female scores. Gender differences were found, favoring females, on the two POI major scales and six of the ten subscales. All findings, qualitative and quantitative, indicate that an affective personal development program does enhance personal and interpersonal growth, thus the overall psychological well-being of adolescents. This program, although beneficial to both males and females, appears to have a more favorable outcome for females. / Education, Faculty of / Curriculum and Pedagogy (EDCP), Department of / Graduate

Les amphibiens constituent le groupe le plus menacé d’extinction parmi les vertébrés. Néanmoins, peu de travaux en toxicologie des amphibiens tiennent compte des stades précoces de leur cycle de vie. Pourtant, un individu est exposé directement aux substances présentes dans le milieu aquatique dès l’émission des gamètes. Cette thèse de doctorat a pour objectifs d’apporter de nouvelles données sur les effets d’expositions à des xénobiotiques d’ovocytes de Xenopus laevis, de rechercher des cibles au sein de ce gamète et de participer au développement d’un nouveau modèle en écotoxicologie pour évaluer la qualité de milieux aquatiques.Les avantages, que présentent ces ovocytes, nous ont permis de développer des protocoles efficaces pour appréhender la toxicité de substances. Des endpoints ont pu être définis autour de la maturation ovocytaire, de la fécondation, du développement embryonnaire et de la formation de jeunes têtards. Les effets d’expositions au cadmium, au plomb, au cuivre, à la bouillie bordelaise, au glyphosate, au RoundUp® GT Max et à la deltaméthrine ont été déterminés. Des essais ont été également conduits pour des échantillons de milieux soumis à différentes pressions anthropiques.Il est apparu que l’ovocyte de xénope est sensible aux expositions, notamment au cadmium et au glyphosate et différentes signatures d’expositions sont apparues, comme la formation de doubles structures cytologiques induites par le glyphosate.Les réponses mises en évidence prouvent que l’ovocyte de X. laevis est un modèle pertinent et permettent de recommander l’étude des premières étapes du cycle de vie de l’amphibien en toxicologie aquatique. / Amphibians are one of the most imperiled group of extinction. Nevertheless, few toxicological studies are interested in the earliest steps of their life cycle, even if gamete emission, fertilization and embryogenesis are directly exposed to water pollution. In this context, this PhD thesis aims to bring new data about xenobiotic exposure effects on Xenopus laevis oocytes, to highlight targets inside this germ cells and to contribute to the elaboration of a new model in ecotoxicology to assess aquatic environment quality.As a well-known gamete, the xenopus oocyte makes possible to establish suitable experimental designs to assess toxicity. Many endpoints were defined regarding the oocyte maturation, the fertilization and also the development. The experiments were conducted in metal (cadmium, lead, copper) and in phytopharmaceutical (Bordeaux mixture, glyphosate, RoundUp® GT Max, deltamethrin) contaminated conditions, but also in environmental samples from various aquatic habitats.The xenopus oocyte appeared to be sensitive to contaminant exposures and specially to cadmium and both formulations of glyphosate. Never observed effects were reported. Pollutant signatures were also pointed up, like the double cytological structures induced by glyphosate exposures.The observed responses and results from environmental water experimentations show that X. laevis oocyte is a pertinent model in ecotoxicology and allow to recommend the first steps of the amphibian life cycle in aquatic toxicology.

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