Paul Singer entende que existam, basicamente, duas lógicas de condução das atividades econômicas: a capitalista cujas características são a competição, individualismo, exploração do trabalho e a desigualdade gerada pelo jogo da livre concorrência, sendo a reprodução de tal lógica assegurada pelo modelo de propriedade privada e heterogestão; e a lógica de Economia Solidária cujas características são a cooperação, solidariedade, participação e igualdade, sendo a reprodução dessa lógica possível através do modelo de autogestão e propriedade coletiva. Assim, Singer entende que o sentido do trabalho autogerido está determinado por um conjunto de princípios (cooperação, solidariedade, participação e igualdade) objetivados no modelo de autogestão. Critica-se essa perspectiva por desconsiderar o papel criativo e reflexivo dos indivíduos na construção do sentido do seu trabalho e, também, por afirmar que o modelo de autogestão só poderia ser “verdadeiramente” conduzido através de princípios de Economia Solidária. Em contraposição, esta pesquisa buscou compreender o sentido do trabalho autogerido como uma construção reflexiva do sujeito, a partir de princípios e conhecimentos de natureza diversa, que se sedimentaram no seu estoque subjetivo de conhecimento ao longo de sua biografia de socialização. Com base na fundamentação empírica de 28 entrevistas estruturadas realizadas com trabalhadores de cinco cooperativas, identificaram-se quatro tipos de sentido do trabalho autogerido: 1) político – o sentido do trabalho autogerido é que ele representa a possibilidade de participação em um processo de mudança da realidade social; 2) coletivista – o sentido do trabalho autogerido é que ele representa a possibilidade da promoção do bem-estar e da qualidade de vida dos membros do coletivo de trabalho; 3) capitalista – o trabalho autogerido só tem sentido se servir de meio para inserção competitiva no mercado visando ao lucro como um fim em si mesmo; 4) sobrevivência individual – o trabalho autogerido representa uma saída, na falta de uma melhor, para manutenção da sobrevivência material e financeira. As diferenças entre os sentidos do trabalho autogerido são explicados a luz das diferenças em seis dimensões (família, trabalho, política, sindicato, educação e religião) nas biografias de socialização dos trabalhadores. / In Paul Singer’s understanding, there are essentially two logics guiding economic activities: the capitalist one, characterized by competition, individualism, labor exploitation and inequalities generated by the game of free competition – the reproduction of such logics being ensured by private property and the “hetero-management” model; and the logics of Solidary Economy whose characteristics are cooperation, solidarity, participation and equality – the reproduction of this logic being possible by means of collective property and the selfmanagement model. Thus, Singer understands that the meaning of the self-managed labor is determined by a set of principles (cooperation, solidarity, participation and equality) objectified in the self-management model. We criticize this perspective for disregarding the creative and reflective role of individuals in building up their labor’s meaning and, also, for claiming that the self-management model might only be “truly” conducted within the principles of Solidary Economy. Contradicting such perspective, this study sought to comprehend the meaning of selfmanaged work while a reflective construction by the individual subject, based on both principles and knowledge of diverse character, which were consolidated within the subjective stock of knowledge along his/her biography of socialization. Based on the empirical foundation comprised by 28 structured interviews applied to workers of five cooperative enterprises, we identified four categories of meaning related to the self-managed work: 1) politic – the meaning of self-managed work is that it represents the possibility of participating in a process for changing the social reality; 2) collectivist – the meaning of the self-managed work is that it represents the possibility of promoting the welfare and the quality of life of members of the labor group; 3) capitalist - the self-managed work only makes sense if it serves as a means for competitive entry in the market aiming at profit as an end itself; 4) individual survival – the selfmanaged work represents a resort, in the absence of a better one, for the maintenance of material and financial survival. The differences between meanings of self-managed labor are explained in the light of six dimensions of distinctions (family, work, politics, labor union, education and religion) in the worker’s biography of socialization.

A pesquisa aborda a subjetividade presente no fazer musical infantil. De modo específico, busca compreender os processos que geram sentido e significado nas notações musicais, de um grupo de nove crianças, com idade entre 4 a 6 anos. As crianças participantes são alunos regulares de Musicalização, do Curso Básico de Música, da Fundação Municipal de Artes de Montenegro – FUNDARTE. O registro das manifestações empíricas ocorreu em quatro encontros, no período de setembro a novembro de 2009, os quais foram filmados para o detalhamento das análises. A epistemologia da pesquisa qualitativa e subjetividade, defendida por Gonzales Rey, orienta a escolha metodológica e os conceitos relevantes da investigação, adotando-se o estudo de caso como estratégia de pesquisa. O sentido e o significado das notações musicais das crianças foram compreendidos, a partir de núcleos configurados em torno da materialidade, das narrativas, das relações interpessoais e simbologias compartilhadas no processo dialógico que envolveu as crianças participantes e o pesquisador. Os aportes teóricos de Silvia Helena Cruz e colaboradores (2008) possibilitaram que as interações dessa pesquisa fossem guiadas pela voz das crianças, para então apreender os fundamentos de sua subjetividade. A presente pesquisa poderá contribuir como um referencial para futuras pesquisas com crianças, realizadas em outros contextos e áreas da educação, interessadas em compreender o sentido e o significado das produções infantis. / The research approaches the subjectivity present in musical making for children. In a specific way, it aims to understand the processes that generate meaning and sense in musical notation, in a group of nine children aged from 4 to 6 years. Participant’s children are regular students of Musicalization on the Basic Course of Music at Fundação Municipal de Artes de Montenegro – FUNDARTE. The record of empirical manifestations in this research occurred in four meetings from September to November 2009, when were filmed for a detailed analysis. The epistemology of qualitative and subjectivity research, defended by Gonzales Rey, guides the methodological choice and the relevant concepts of investigation, adopting the case study as research strategy. The meaning and sense of musical notation of children were understood from configured issues around the materiality, the narratives, the interpersonal relations and symbology shared in the dialogic process that involved the participant children and the researcher. The theoretical contribution of Silvia Helena Cruz and collaborators (2008) made possible that the interactions of this research were guided by the children voice for then to apprehend the fundamentals of their subjectivity. This research can contribute as a reference for future researches with children in other contexts and education area, interested in understanding the meaning and sense of children productions.

Doctor of Philosophy / School of Family Studies and Human Services / Karen Myers-Bowman / Sibling relationships have often been studied with the goal of understanding the sibling influence on development of an individual. With the focus on development, research has often been limited to the time of life between the ages of birth to 18. Sibling research in adulthood has often been limited to examining siblings’ interactions in a particular context. Most of the research has examined siblings dealing with caregiving, family businesses, finances, or parental treatment. How siblings feel about their relationship, how the relationship has enhanced their lives, and what meaning individuals ascribe to that relationship through their lifetime has been understudied. This study focused on the meaning ascribed to a relationship between sisters by those in the relationship as well as the importance of sisterhood to the individual’s identity or perception of who they are because of the relationship. Participants responded to questions designed to gather information about what it means to them to be a sister in middle adulthood. The sisters indicated that the relationship held meaning for them though out their adult life. Parents were found to have influenced the relationship. In addition the sister relationship impacted the development of a sisters identity in multiple ways. For most sisters, they could not imagine who they would have become without the influence of their sisters.

abstract: This study examines ninth graders’ negotiation of meaning with one canonical work, Romeo and Juliet. The study’s sample was 88% Latino at a Title I high school. The study adopts a sociocultural view of literacy and learning. I employed ethnographic methods (participant observation, data collection, interviews, and focus groups) to investigate the teacher’s instructional approaches and the literacy practices used while teaching the canonical work. With a focus on students’ interpretations, I examined what they said and wrote about Romeo and Juliet. One finding was that the teacher employed instructional approaches that facilitated literacy practices that allowed students to draw on their cultural backgrounds, personal lived experiences, and values as they engaged with Romeo and Juliet. As instructional approaches and literacy practices became routine, students formed a community of learners. Because the teacher allowed students to discuss their ideas before, during, and after reading, students were provided with multiple perspectives to think about as they read and negotiated meaning. A second finding was that students drew on their personal lived experiences, backgrounds, and values as they made sense and negotiated the meaning of Romeo and Juliet’s plot and characters. Although the text’s meaning was not always obvious to students, in their work they showed their growing awareness that multiple interpretations were welcomed and important in the teacher’s classroom. Through the unit, students came to recognize that their own and their peers’ understandings, negotiations, and interpretations of the canonical work were informed by a variety of complex factors. Students came to find relevance in the text’s themes and characters to their experiences as adolescents. The study’s findings point to the importance of allowing students to draw from their cultural backgrounds and experiences as they negotiate meaning with texts, specifically canonical ones, and to welcome and encourage multiple meanings in the English classroom. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Curriculum and Instruction 2016

Orientador: Paulo César de Almeida Raboni / Banca: Marcos César Danhoni Neves / Banca: José Carlos Miguel / Resumo: Historicamente as atividades práticas ou de laboratório são apontadas como importante recurso didático no ensino de física, comparecendo em todas as propostas de ensino oficiais e não oficiais, e em projetos de ensino desenvolvidos no Brasil e no exterior. Apesar disso, pouco comparecem no ensino que efetivamente ocorre na maioria das escolas. Em outra dimensão, as interações verbais e a compreensão do seu funcionamento têm sido consideradas importantes indicadores do desenvolvimento de aulas de física. Assim, nesta pesquisa qualitativa tomamos como objeto as interações verbais em aulas de física no ensino médio produzidas a partir do uso de atividades práticas. A aproximação dessas duas esferas se justifica pela influência que as atividades práticas exercem sobre as estruturas de pensamento dos alunos e, consequentemente, sobre a construção de novos sentidos presentes nos enunciados. Nossas análises das interações verbais tomam como base a teoria da enunciação de Mikhail Bakhtin, que a nosso ver oferece suporte para a necessária compreensão da complexa dinâmica discursiva entre os estudantes e o educador, quanto a construção de significados dos conceitos ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Abstract: Historically, practical or laboratory activities are identified as important teaching tools in physics classes, appearing in all proposals for official and unofficial education, and education projects developed in Brazil and abroad, but these activities are not adopted as a usual practice in the schools. In the other hand, the verbal interactions and understanding of its operation have been considered important indicators of the development of physics classes. Thus, in this qualitative research we took as the object the verbal interactions in physics classes produced from the use of practical activities in high school. The approach of these two spheres is justified by the influence that the practical activities have in the structures students' thinking and, consequently, on the construction of new meanings in these statements. Our analysis of the verbal interactions was based on the theory of enunciation of Mikhail Bakhtin, which in our view supports the necessary understanding of the complex discursive dynamics between students and educators, as construction of meaning of concepts ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

The purpose of this paper is to examine home-schooling for religious reasons in Stockholm’s municipality. The study was conducted by interviewing actors in Educational board in Stockholm’s municipality and families leaving Stockholm for home-schooling due to religious reasons. By doing so, the paper aims to find how the members of Educational board and the families interpret the home-schooling law, their view on home-schooling for religious reasons and to examine how the answers relate to the theoretical state-religion perspectives. The main research questions investigated are: 1. How is the law of home-schooling interpreted by Education board in Stockholm’s municipality and how does this interpretation vary from that of families’ who home-school for religious reasons? 2. How do the members of Education board in Stockholm’s municipality and the families home-schooling for religious reasons view home-schooling for religious reasons? 2.1 What theoretical perspectives on state-religion relationship can be found in the answers of the two groups? The method used to answer these questions was a dimensional analysis model for empirical interview-data. The aim of the dimensional model was to present and analyse empirical data to answer the research questions. From the families’ answers, it was concluded that that there is a clear tendency in answers in all the following dimensions: law-interpretation, view on home-schooling, and perspectives on state-religion relations. The same tendency was found in the answers of the members from Educational board on the law and home-schooling meaning questions (research questions 1. and 2.), but not on state-religion relation question (research question 2.1).

Esta dissertação de mestrado estuda como se apresenta o sentido do trabalho particularmente no fim do século XIX e primeira metade do século XX além de seus impactos na vida das pessoas. Foram identificados elementos para a discussão e análise da recuperação do sentido do trabalho. Os principais conceitos utilizados foram técnica e razão de Ortega y Gasset, sentido do trabalho de Viktor E. Frankl e ócio de Josef Pieper. Nossa hipótese é que uma das principais alternativas para recuperar o sentido do trabalho é o ócio utilizado para a educação do trabalhador. / This Master Degree thesis studies the meaning of the work especially at the end of XIX and first half of XX centuries besides its impacts in people´s life. Some elements for discussion and analysis to recover the meaning of the work were identified. Main concepts presented were Ortega y Gassets technique and reason, Viktor E. Frankls meaning of the work and Josef Pieper´s leisure. Our hypothesis is that one of the main alternatives to recover the meaning of the work is to embrace the leisure based on worker´s education.

This study analyzes the construction of identity meaning in documentaries about border regions, especially the border between southern Brazil and Uruguay. Our research uses two documentaries produced in 2013, funded by Documenta Rio Grande of FAC RS (Support Fund for Culture of Rio Grande do Sul). Doble Chapa, by Leo Caobelli, presents the trajectory of two omniscient characters, one Brazilian and one Uruguayan, around the borders of the State represented by the demarcation landmarks of boundary. On the other hand, The Imaginary Line by Cíntia Langie and Rafael Andreazza exposes, from researchers and artists testimonies, a common and shared identity by the man of the pampas. Our theoretical path works with the documentary as a form of engagement in the world and borders as spaces for identity construction intertwined with an "other". Thus, we seek to understand whether these documentaries establish identity meaning differently from a hegemonic representation of the gaucho myth in the border between Rio Grande do Sul and Uruguay and also whether the public policies that promote the production of documentaries in the State allow other forms of representation of these identities, in opposition to the identity of the gaucho that is widespread in MTG and in the RBS group Communication. We will use as methodological tools film analysis and addition to literature and documental research. Our analysis points to an essentialist representation of the frontier and space as a generator of meaning in Doble Chapa and a hybrid, multi-faceted and dynamic marked by the presence of the subjects in the film A Linha Imaginária. / O presente estudo analisa a construção de sentidos de identidade nos documentários que tratam das regiões de fronteira, especialmente a fronteira do extremo sul do Brasil com o Uruguai. Nossa investigação utiliza dois documentários lançados em 2014, financiados pelo edital Documenta Rio Grande do FAC-RS, Fundo de Apoio à Cultura do Rio Grande do Sul. Doble Chapa, de Leo Caobelli e Diego Vidart, apresenta a trajetória de dois personagens oniscientes, um brasileiro e outro uruguaio, pelo limite entre o Brasil e o Uruguai representado pelos marcos geodésicos de divisa. Já A Linha Imaginária, de Cíntia Langie e Rafael Andreazza, expõe, a partir de depoimentos de pesquisadores e artistas, uma identidade comum e partilhada pelo homem do pampa. Nosso caminho teórico trabalha com o documentário como forma de engajamento no mundo e das fronteiras como espaços de constituição de identidades imbricadas com um outro . Desta forma, buscamos entender se esses documentários estabelecem sentidos de identidade diferentes de uma representação hegemônica do mito do gaúcho na região da fronteira do Rio Grande do Sul com o Uruguai e se as políticas públicas de fomento à produção de documentários no Estado possibilitam outras formas de representação dessas identidades, em contraposição à identidade do gaúcho amplamente difundido pelo MTG e pelo Grupo RBS de Comunicação. Utilizaremos, como ferramentas metodológicas, a análise fílmica e a pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Nossa análise aponta para uma representação essencialista da fronteira e do espaço como gerador de sentidos em Doble Chapa e para um viés híbrido, multifacetado e marcado pela presença dinâmica dos sujeitos no filme A Linha Imaginária.

The central theme of the fundamental ontology of Martin Heidegger is the question of the meaning of being. In a first approximation, one can say that the Heidegger s project in Being and Time is to elucidate the ways of being that regulate how the entities receive their determinations. In order to address adequately the issue so, Heidegger in Being and Time develops a phenomenology of human existence as being-in-world. According to description of everyday life the entities acquire identity and meaning within the world, understood as the space of meaning held previously for understanding. The Anglo-American reception of fundamental ontology raised the problem of the sources of intelligibility of Dasein s world. This is the problem of identifying the transcendental structures responsible for the formation of the space of meaning. Charles Guignon argues that language is the source of the intelligibility in Heidegger s hermeneutic ontology. However, Dreyfus argues that it is the one (das Man) fulfills that role. Rejecting both readings, Weberman and Keller argue that Heidegger finds in the temporality of human existence the source of intelligibility. From the perspective of these authors, Guignon Dreyfus fail because they exhibit conditions necessary but not sufficient for intelligibility. The goal of this dissertation is to reconstruct this debate about the sources of intelligibility in Heidegger s fundamental ontology. / O tema central da ontologia fundamental de Martin Heidegger é a questão do sentido do ser. Numa primeira aproximação, pode-se dizer que objetivo de Heidegger em Ser e tempo é elucidar os modos de ser que regulam como entes recebem suas determinações. A fim de abordar de modo adequado a questão, Heidegger desenvolve em Ser e tempo uma fenomenologia da existência humana como ser-no-mundo. De acordo com descrição da cotidianidade, os entes ganham identidade e significação no interior do mundo, entendido como o espaço de significatividade sustentado previamente pela compreensão. A recepção anglo-americana da ontologia fundamental levantou o problema das fontes de inteligibilidade do mundo do existente humano. Trata-se do problema de identificar as estruturas transcendentais responsáveis pela constituição do espaço de sentido. Charles Guignon sustenta que a linguagem é a fonte da inteligibilidade na ontologia hermenêutica de Heidegger. Entretanto, Dreyfus sustenta que é o impessoal (das Man) que cumpre esse papel. Rejeitando ambas as leituras, Weberman e Keller argumentam que Heidegger encontra na temporalidade da existência humana a fonte da inteligibilidade. Da perspectiva desses autores, Guignon e Dreyfus fracassam porque exibem condições necessárias, mas não suficientes para a inteligibilidade. O objetivo da presente dissertação é reconstruir esse debate sobre as fontes da inteligibilidade na ontologia hermenêutica de Heidegger.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-09-17Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:11:46Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 meneghetti_dp_me_bauru.pdf: 6651329 bytes, checksum: b5c6b95bea053ee018d2f506f3a685a3 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Esta pesquisa é dedicada à relação entre proximidade e afastamento, provacada pelas imagens da mídia, por meio dos vínculos que tais superfícies produzem na mediação entre homem e mundo, e entre homem e a própria mídia. Com o objetivo de colaborar com a ampliação do estatuto epistemológico do jornalismo visual, este estudo considera que os sentidos produzidos pela informação visual são componentes importantes na construção discursiva das notícias. Por ser uma relação binária, polar e assimétrica, proximidade e afastamento atribuem à comunicação imagética cargas ora positivas, ora negativas, de acordo com sua configuração e contexto. A partir dessa dicotomia, serão analisadas diferentes formas de utilização das imagens no jornalismo brasileiro, especialmente nos suportes impressos e on-line, de acordo com estratégias discursivas que permitem aproximar ou afastar o observador da informação ou da própria midia. A construção teórica e conceitual do trabalho forma-se, principalmente, a partir dos estudos do teórico da mídia Harry Pross (sobre a teoria relacional dos signos e estrutura simbólica do poder), do filósofo Vilém Flusser (ao tratar sobre as formas de leitura das imagens), entre outros autores como Hans Belting, Dietmar Kamper e, do Brasil, Norval Baitello Junior, Malena Segura Contrera e Luciano Guimarães / This research is dedicated to the relationship between proximity and remoteness, caused by media imagens, through the ties that such surfaces produce in the mediation between man and world, and between man and the media itself. The purpose of the research is support the epistemological expansion of visual journalism and it considers that the senses produced by the visual information are important in the discursive news construction. Proximity and remoteness have a binary, polar and asymmetric relation and because of this it attaches to imagery communication sometimes positive and sometimes negative load, according to its configuration and context. Different ways of using images in Brasilian journalism from this dichotomy will be analyzed, particularly in printed and online media. This will be according to the discursive strategies that allow the viewer zoom in or out of the information or the media itself. The theoretical and conepctual construction of work is mainly created from the media studies theorist Harry Poss (about the relational theory of signs and symbolic structure of power). It's also created from the philosopher Vilém Flusser (on how to handle the reading of images), besides other authors such as Hans Belting, Dietmar Kamper and, of Brazil, Norval Baitello Junior, Malena Segura Contrera and Luciano Guimarães