近年來網路的快速發展與普及，而由於使用網路的人口快速增加，資訊傳遞日益頻繁，使用網際網路來做為傳遞訊息工具，有逐漸上升趨勢。本研究的主要目的是利用行動代理人技術發展一於應用於網際網路上的傳訊機制，這個機制稱之為行動傳訊代理人(Mobile-Messaging Agent)，主要是讓訊息、郵件可以跟著使用者所在位置而傳送，並且建構一個使用者專屬的信差。而這樣的傳訊機制包含了四個元件：(1)Messenger，即為信差代理人，負責幫使用者接收郵件、訊息﹔(2)AgentFinder，為負責接受使用者的要求來搜尋Messenger﹔(3)MessengerFinder，為行動傳訊代理人系統與使用者溝通的介面，是負責幫助使用者呼叫Messenger﹔(4)Register，為MessengerFinder啟動時，幫助尋找AgentFinder。而根據本研究實作行動傳訊代理人系統結果發現，行動傳訊代理人應用於網際網路之傳訊機制，具有降低伺服主機負載、增加網路連線品質、訊息有效管理、資料隱私性及安全性高、訊息自主性、易跨平台等優點。 　而以行動傳訊代理人建置傳訊機制，使得訊息物件具有行動力、自主性、延展性，未來，期望行動傳訊代理人可以整合至可攜性較高的行動設備，例如膝上型電腦、數位個人助理(PDA)或是行動電話，最後，透過此系統行動傳訊代理人的自主性與行動性，讓使用者無論走到那裡，都可以即時收取訊息、郵件。

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Emotional communication is fundamental to everyday interaction. How well emotions are communicated is crucial to interpersonal relationships and individual well-being. Emotional communication in instant messaging (IM), however, can be challenging because of the absence of visual and aural nonverbal behaviors. Despite the growing number of technologically-focused solutions for supporting emotional communication in IM, limited design research has been done to study the actual users’ behaviors in communicating their emotion in IM and strategies they use to adapt emotional communication in this medium, with the purpose of establishing design solutions to support users' emotional communication. Connecting several bodies of HCI, design, and communication literature in the context of IM, this dissertation critically examines how users communicate emotion in IM and accordingly establishes user-centered multi-touch gesture based design solutions to support emotional communication in this medium. Understanding how users communicate their emotion in IM, the design issues, and corresponding design solutions help researchers and designers to support the user's emotional needs, resulting in the improvement of emotional communication strategies in IM.

<p>Denna rapport beskriver utvecklingen av en Instant Messaging klient som implementerats som en språkwrapper. Klienten använder ett känt öppen källkods-bibliotek vid namn libGaim för att få tillgång till Instant Messaging tjänster. Klienten fungerar som en språkwrapper till detta bibliotek, och låter andra applikationer nyttja biblioteket genom ett databasgränssnitt. Arbetet har utförts åt och hos Evolve i Karlstad. Systemet som utvecklats klarar att hantera vanliga Instant Messaging-funktioner så som uppkoppling av konto, nedkoppling, ändring av status, visa kompisikoner, och hämtning av information angående kompisar.</p><p>I beskrivandet av arbetet med detta system ges bakgrundsinformation angående wrappers och Instant Messaging, och dessutom angående de verktyg och metoder som använts likt byggverktyget SCons och utvecklingsmetoden eXtreme Programming. Valet av lösning och design presenteras.</p><p>Som en del av arbetet undersöks språkwrappers med hjälp av av ett antal tester. Dessa tester visade på vilka skillnader som kan väntas beroende på valet av språkwrapper. En språkgenerisk språkwrapper (som skapar ett gränssnitt mot flera språk) behöver inte utgöra någon större prestandaoverhead jämfört med en språkstatisk språkwrapper (som skapar ett gränssnitt mot ett språk).</p><p>Resultatet av arbetet blev ett system som Evolve blev nöjda med och som uppfyllde alla krav som ställdes, antingen fullständigt eller delvis.</p> / <p>This report describes the development of an Instant Messaging client that is implemented as a language wrapper. The client uses a well known open source library, known as libGaim, to access Instant Messaging services. The client works as a language wrapper for this library, and allows other applications to use the library by means of a database interface. The work has been carried out at and for Evolve in Karlstad. The system that has been developed can handle common Instant Messaging operations such as connecting a user account, disconnecting, changing an accounts status, showing buddy icons, and</p><p>collecting information regarding buddies.</p><p>In the description of the work with this system, background information is given regarding wrappers and Instant Messaging, and also regarding the tools and methods used, such as the build tool SCons and the development method eXtreme Programming. The choice of solution and design is presented.</p><p>As a part of the work, language wrappers are evaluated using a number of tests. These tests show the differences that can be expected depending on the choice of language wrapper. A language generic language wrapper (which creates an interface for several languages) need not imply any significant performance overhead compared to a language static language wrapper (which creates an interface towards one language).</p><p>The result of the work we have done was a system that Evolve was pleased with and that satisfies all the requirements, either completely or partially.</p>

Thesis (M.A.)--Miami University, Dept. of Communication, 2007. / Title from first page of PDF document. Includes bibliographical references (p. 64-70).

Denna rapport beskriver utvecklingen av en Instant Messaging klient som implementerats som en språkwrapper. Klienten använder ett känt öppen källkods-bibliotek vid namn libGaim för att få tillgång till Instant Messaging tjänster. Klienten fungerar som en språkwrapper till detta bibliotek, och låter andra applikationer nyttja biblioteket genom ett databasgränssnitt. Arbetet har utförts åt och hos Evolve i Karlstad. Systemet som utvecklats klarar att hantera vanliga Instant Messaging-funktioner så som uppkoppling av konto, nedkoppling, ändring av status, visa kompisikoner, och hämtning av information angående kompisar. I beskrivandet av arbetet med detta system ges bakgrundsinformation angående wrappers och Instant Messaging, och dessutom angående de verktyg och metoder som använts likt byggverktyget SCons och utvecklingsmetoden eXtreme Programming. Valet av lösning och design presenteras. Som en del av arbetet undersöks språkwrappers med hjälp av av ett antal tester. Dessa tester visade på vilka skillnader som kan väntas beroende på valet av språkwrapper. En språkgenerisk språkwrapper (som skapar ett gränssnitt mot flera språk) behöver inte utgöra någon större prestandaoverhead jämfört med en språkstatisk språkwrapper (som skapar ett gränssnitt mot ett språk). Resultatet av arbetet blev ett system som Evolve blev nöjda med och som uppfyllde alla krav som ställdes, antingen fullständigt eller delvis. / This report describes the development of an Instant Messaging client that is implemented as a language wrapper. The client uses a well known open source library, known as libGaim, to access Instant Messaging services. The client works as a language wrapper for this library, and allows other applications to use the library by means of a database interface. The work has been carried out at and for Evolve in Karlstad. The system that has been developed can handle common Instant Messaging operations such as connecting a user account, disconnecting, changing an accounts status, showing buddy icons, and collecting information regarding buddies. In the description of the work with this system, background information is given regarding wrappers and Instant Messaging, and also regarding the tools and methods used, such as the build tool SCons and the development method eXtreme Programming. The choice of solution and design is presented. As a part of the work, language wrappers are evaluated using a number of tests. These tests show the differences that can be expected depending on the choice of language wrapper. A language generic language wrapper (which creates an interface for several languages) need not imply any significant performance overhead compared to a language static language wrapper (which creates an interface towards one language). The result of the work we have done was a system that Evolve was pleased with and that satisfies all the requirements, either completely or partially.

Rock climbing has become a popular adventure activity, yet it poses a threat to the environment, particularly to the rare species that inhabit the lower vegetation density of rock faces. To address this concern, effective evironmental communication is necessary to provoke environmentally responsible behavior among climbers. This study explores what the most effective form of environmental communication is, that elicits a positive response from rock climbers. Regulatory Focus Theory as well as the nature values distinction (intrinsic, instrumental, and relational) are employed to assess the effect of value-based messages on rock climbers' environmental behavior. Moreover, this research investigates how personal values of rock climbers (biospheric, altruistic, and egoistic) impact their response to messages that highlight different nature values. Environmental messaging that resonates with the personal values of rock climbers can influence their response positively. Thus, crafting messages that are aligned with the target audience's environmental dispositions is essential for effective environmental communication. While the findings did not yield definitive results, the study indicates that messages emphasizing the instrinsic value of nature coupled with prevention-oriented foucus may be more effective for rock climbers. Moreover, altruistic and biospheric values significantly moderated climbers' response to environmental messages framed with nature values. Regulatory focus was not found to significantly influence rock climbers' environmental behavior. The study also shows that demographic characteristics such as age and gender can influence the environmental behavior of rock climbers. The study's insights provide a baseline for future research in persuasive messaging for adventure tourists. The research opens up new directions in tourism studies and identifies environmental values most relevant to the rock climbing community, providing guidance to climbing area managers and other stakeholders invested in safeguarding natural habitats. By shedding light on possible environmental communication strategies for the promotion of pro-environmental behavior among rock climbers, this research offers an important contribution to the protection of vulnerable ecosystems and the preservation of natural habitats.

End-to-end encryption is becoming a standard feature in popular mobile chat appli-cations (apps) with millions of users. In the two years a number of leading chat apps have added end-end encryption features including LINE, KakaoTalk, Viber, Facebook Messenger, and WhatsApp.However, most of these apps are closed-source and there is little to no independent ver-ification of their end-to-end encryption system design. These implementations may be a major concern as proprietary chat apps may make use of non-standard cryptographic algorithms that may not follow cryptography and security best practices. In addition, governments authorities may force chat app providers to add easily decryptable export-grade cryptography to their products. Further, mainstream apps have a large attack surface as they offer a variety of features. As a result, there may be software vulnera-bilities that could be exploited by an attacker in order to compromise user’s end-to-end privacy. Another problem is that, despite being closed-source software, providers often market their apps as being so secure that even the provider is not able to decrypt messages. These marketing claims may be potentially misleading as most users do not have the technical knowledge to verify them.In this Master’s thesis we use KakaoTalk – the most popular chat app in South Korea – as a case study to perform a security and privacy assessment and audit of its “Secure Chat” opt-in end-to-end encryption feature. Also, we examine KakaoTalk’s Terms of Service policies to verify claims such as “[. . . ] Kakao’s server is unable to decrypt the encryption [. . . ]” from a technical perspective.The main goal of this work is to show how various issues in a product can add up to the potential for serious attack vectors against end-to-end privacy despite there being multiple layers of security. In particular, we show how a central public-key directory server makes the end-to-end encryption system vulnerable to well-known operator-site man-in-the-middle attacks. While this naive attack may seem obvious, we argue that (KakaoTalk) users should know about the strength and weaknesses of a particular design in order to make an informed decision whether to trust the security of a chat app or not. / End-to-end kryptering är en allt mer vanligt förekommande funktionalitet bland populära mobila chatttjänster (händanefter appar) med miljontals användare. Under de två senaste åren har många ledande chattappar, bland annat LINE, KakaoTalk, Viber, Facebook Messenger, och WhatsApp, börjat använda end-to-end kryptering. Dock så är de flesta av dessa appar closed-source och det finns begränsad, eller ingen, fristående granskning av systemdesignen för deras end-to-end kryptering. Dessa implementationer kan innebära en stor risk då proprietära chattappar kan använda sig av kryptografiska algoritmer som inte följer best practice för säkerhet eller kryptografi. Vidare så kan statliga myndigheter tvinga de som tillhandahåller chattappar att använda lättdekrypterad export-grade kryptografi för sina produkter. Lägg till det att de flesta vanliga appar har många ytor som kan attackeras, till följd av all funktionalitet de erbjuder. Som ett resultat av detta finns en risk för mjukvarubrister som kan utnyttjas av en hackare för att inkräkta på en användares end-to-end integritet. Ytterligare ett problem är att trots att det är closed-source mjukvara så marknadsför ofta appleverantörerna sina appar som att vara är så säkra att inte ens leverantörerna själva kan dekryptera användarnas meddelanden. Det som hävdas i marknadsföringen riskerar vara missledande eftersom de flesta användarna inte har den tekniska kunskap som krävs för att kunna verifiera att det som hävdas är sant. I den här Master-uppsatsen använder vi KakaoTalk – den mest populära chattappen i Sydkorea – som en fallstudie för att granska och bedömma säkerhetens- och integritets-aspekterna hos deras valbara “Secure Chat” med end-to-end krypteringsfunktionalitet. Vi granskar även KakaoTalk’s användarvillkor för att kunna verifiera påståenden som att “[. . . ] Kakao’s server is unable to decrypt the encryption [. . . ]” från ett tekniskt perspektiv. Det huvudsakliga syftet med denna studien är att belysa hur olika brister i en produkt sammantagna kan skapa en risk för allvarliga vektorattacker mot end-to-end integriteten även fast det finns flera skyddslager. Mer specifikt visar vi hur en central katalogserver för public-keys gör end-to-end krypteringssystemet sårbart mot välkända operator-site man-in-the-middle-attacker. Trots att denna naiva typ av attack kan verka uppenbar, argumenterar vi för att (KakaoTalk) användare borde veta om styrkorna och svagheterna med en särskild systemdesign för att kunna göra ett informerat val för om de ska lita på säkerheten hos en chattapplikation eller inte.

This study sought to investigate whether the popularity of Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) would impact the behavioral intention (BI) to use of these technologies to aid in interpersonal task completion. Out of the ICTs available today, the most popular is textmessaging, especially among a sizable percentage of the college population. Approximately 600 students at a small, private junior college in eastern North Carolina were invited to participate in this study with a target of 248 responses needed to comprise an adequate sample. A total of 259 usable surveys (n = 259) were received and analyzed. Qualitative data collection instruments consisted of an openended questionnaire and other openended responses that were solicited throughout the data collection phase. Quantitative data collection instruments consisted of a 22item Likertscale survey and a forcedchoice ordinal scale instrument that measured computer user selfefficacy (CUSE) and experience using technology (EUT). Situated in the context of academic helpseeking (AHS), vignettes were developed, validated and administered to offer AHS scenarios where a problem was presented and the participants were then asked to reveal which type of ICT he or she would utilize to seek academic help (AH) in that particular situation.

published_or_final_version / Applied English Studies / Master / Master of Arts in Applied Linguistics

<p>Abstract</p><p>Title: See each other on the Internet or on a café? A survey about social consequences of Internet usage. (Umgås på Internet eller på ett café? – en studie om Internetanvändningens sociala konsekvenser.)</p><p>Number of pages: 34 (including enclosures).</p><p>Author: Carolin Johansson.</p><p>Tutor: Else Nygren.</p><p>Course: Media and Communication Studies C.</p><p>Period: Fall 2007.</p><p>University: Division of Media and Communication, Department of Information Science, Uppsala University.</p><p>Purpose/Aim: The purpose is to get increased knowledge about the social consequences that may come up when young people at the age of 16-20 are using the Internet.</p><p>Material/Method: The material consists of a questionnaire that I made with questions about Internet usage that 84 young people from five classes (from three different upper secondary schools) answered.</p><p>Main results: To have access to a computer and Internet and the fact that broadband is more inexpensive now than before leads to an increased usage of the Internet. I found out that chatting, music/movies, searching for information and using the Internet for entertainment is what most of the participants spent the most time on while using the Internet. I also found out that an increased usage of the Internet could lead to decreased time together with friends/family.</p><p>Keywords: Internet usage, social consequences, Instant Messaging, Community, online communication.</p>