Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2007. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:46:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LorrainyCL_DISSERT.pdf: 1949623 bytes, checksum: ef9f96250e45a7f9bb9f11ce8475ea01 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-01 / The contemporary conjuncture based on the capitalistic knowledge converges to the corporal consciousness that makes us see, feel, taste and hear, be in/to pieces. Disembodied reason legitimate and legislate ways of being and living socially and its development is the dehumanization of human relations causing pain and suffering. The objective of this work is to discuss the body as pedagogical matrix through imagistic/artistic elements: music, painting and literature. Metaphors lead to self knowledge of human subjectivity and approach us to the kaleidoscope of sensitive knowledge and enables learning to learn with the infinite combinations of images, knowledge, feelings and worldviews. The song Mem?ria da Pele comes in the voice of Maria Bet?nia speak of the memories that are not mine, but are tattooed in me in the memory of skin, singing the memories of a love lived by who tries to forget rationally, but the body insists on remembering. It is password to think about what we are. The short story by Clarice Lispector, entitled Miss Algarve, narrates the life story of an unmarried and virgin woman, and her encounter with an alien called Ixtlan. Until then, she who lived as if every day were a Monday, found herself seduced by the pleasure of having a body in contact with another body, which also allowed her to give visibility to the bodies of others. She had repudiation by the immorality that her body and the other s perspired. The discovery of the body brings important lessons for nursing, involving our body and the others'. The painting the flying bed or Henry Ford Hospital, by Frida Kahlo, is our final metaphor. The traumatic experience of abortion is shown in this painting trough the picture of the artist naked in a hospital bed. This painting invites us to reflect on our work process. We need to think in multiple dimensions of the being and accept the invitation of art, so that the lightness confronts us with the weight imposed by the hegemonic ideology. I believe it is not a single view, but the many views that should justify the knowledge and practices of nursing; what matters is that they are woven into the dialogue, democracy, provided that protagonism of those individuals involved in this process, in the wandering and uncertainty, in the rewiring, solidarity, plurality. To this end, the body must be the great pedagogue that is able to be viewed not as a tapestry seen by the right view, as the logical knowledge sees, but seen by the opposite side in its singular, irregular, discontinuous weavings / A conjuntura contempor?nea alicer?ada no saber capital?stico conflui para a inconsci?ncia corporal que nos faz ver, sentir, saborear, ouvir, ser em/aos peda?os. A raz?o descorporificada legitima e legisla modos de ser e de viver socialmente e tem como desdobramento a desumaniza??o das rela??es humanas, causando dor e sofrimento. O objetivo deste trabalho ? discutir o corpo como matriz pedag?gica mediante elementos imag?sticos/art?sticos: m?sica, pintura e literatura. As met?foras levam a um auto conhecimento da subjetividade humana e nos aproxima do caleidosc?pio do saber sens?vel e possibilitam aprender a aprender com as infinitas combina??es de imagens, conhecimentos, sentimentos e vis?es de mundo. A m?sica Mem?ria da Pele vem na voz de Maria Bet?nia falar das lembran?as que n?o s?o minhas, mas est?o em mim tatuadas na mem?ria da pele, cantando as recorda??es de um amor vivido de quem tenta esquecer racionalmente, mas que o corpo teima em lembrar. ? uma senha para pensar no que somos. O conto de Clarice Lispector, intitulado Miss Algrave, narra a hist?ria de vida de uma mulher solteira e virgem, e seu encontro com um extraterrestre chamado Ixtlan. At? ent?o, ela que vivia como se todos os dias fossem uma segunda-feira, se viu seduzida pelo prazer em ter um corpo em contato com outro corpo, o que lhe permitiu tamb?m dar visibilidade aos corpos dos outros. Tinha rep?dio pela imoralidade que os corpos dos outros e o seu transpiravam. A descoberta do corpo traz li??es importantes para a enfermagem, envolvendo o nosso e os outros corpos. A tela cama voadora ou o Hospital Henry Ford, de Frida Kahlo, ? nossa ?ltima met?fora. A experi?ncia traum?tica do aborto ? mostrada nessa tela atrav?s da pintura da artista nua em cima de uma cama de hospital. Essa tela nos convida a refletir sobre nosso processo de trabalho. Precisamos pensar na multidimensionalidade do ser e aceitar o convite da arte, para que a leveza nos confronte com o peso imposto pelo ide?rio hegem?nico. Acredito n?o ser uma ?nica vis?o, mas as muitas vis?es que devam fundamentar os saberes e fazeres da enfermagem; o que importa ? que sejam eles tecidos no di?logo, na democracia, na condi??o de protagonismo dos sujeitos envolvidos nesse processo, na err?ncia e incerteza, na religa??o, na solidariedade, na pluralidade. Para tanto, o corpo deve ser o grande pedagogo capaz de ser olhado n?o como uma tape?aria vista pelo direito, como v? o saber l?gico, mas vista pelo avesso em suas tramas singulares, irregulares, descont?nuas

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-12T14:01:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AyresCON.pdf: 499485 bytes, checksum: 0c2df647d28b9d8ceb099f01d2e2e2e8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-12 / The research aimed two objectives: 1st) identifying and describing the metaphors of the inflation, in a corpus of 18 texts of economic journalism, from Joelmir Beting, written in the last trimester of 2002, at the moment of the government s transition of president Fernando Henrique Cardoso to Luiz In?cio Lula Da Silva. 2nd) verifying the recognition of the metaphors by the students of the basic education of a private school from Natal. 91 metaphors had been identified, analyzed in the perspective of the conceptual metaphor s theory, by Lakoff and Johnson (2002), on the basis of the distinction between conceptual metaphor and metaphoric expressions, and between domain-source/domain-target. 10 underlying conceptual metaphors had been inferred, being that the domains-source used more frequently to characterize the inflation had been those ones according to the human being and the animals and, of a less imaginable form, to the ways of transport (car, aircraft). These general conceptual metaphors had been unfolded in other s more specific ones ( animal specifying itself in lion , dragon , dog , etc.). Another result was the identification of metaphoric expressions with two or more meanings , with relation to more than one conceptual metaphor or explicit, in the same expression, two domains-source (for example: armored dragon ) and contributes, of a relevant form, for the semantic struturation of the text. The understanding of the metaphors was verified through an activity of domains-source s identification (10 metaphoric statements and fulfilling of the gap in the phrase the inflation is a/an ) applied in a group of 8th year of the basic education (12-13 years old, with 14 girls and 17 boys) from a school of good social and economic positions from Natal-RN. There weren t great difficulties on the part of the students in recognizing the domains-source involved: about 80% to the great majority of the statements / A pesquisa visou a dois objetivos: 1?) identificar e descrever as met?foras da infla??o, em um corpus de 18 textos de jornalismo econ?mico, de autoria de Joelmir Beting, escritos no ?ltimo trimestre de 2002, no momento da transi??o do governo do presidente Fernando Henrique Cardoso para o do presidente eleito Luiz In?cio Lula da Silva. 2?) verificar o reconhecimento das met?foras por parte de alunos do ensino fundamental de uma escola particular de Natal. Foram identificadas 91 met?foras, analisadas na perspectiva da teoria da met?fora conceitual, de Lakoff e Johnson (2002), com base na distin??o entre met?fora conceitual / express?es metaf?ricas, e entre dom?nio-fonte / dom?nio-alvo. Foram depreendidas 10 met?foras conceituais subjacentes, sendo que os dom?nios-fonte mais freq?entemente utilizados para caracterizar a infla??o foram aqueles ligados ao ser humano e aos animais e, de forma menos previs?vel, aos meios de transporte (carro, aeronave). Essas met?foras conceituais gerais, foram desdobradas em outras mais espec?ficas ( animal especificando-se em le?o , drag?o , cachorro , etc.). Um outro resultado foi a identifica??o de express?es metaf?ricas poliss?micas , que remetem a mais de uma met?fora conceitual ou explicitam, na mesma express?o, dois dom?nios-fonte (por exemplo: drag?o blindado ) e contribuem, de forma relevante, para a estrutura??o sem?ntica do texto. A compreens?o das met?foras foi verificada atrav?s de uma atividade de identifica??o de dom?nios-fonte (10 enunciados metaf?ricos e preenchimento da lacuna na frase A infla??o ? um/uma... ) aplicada em uma turma de 8? ano do ensino fundamental (12-13 anos de idade, sendo 14 meninas e 17 meninos) de uma escola de classe m?dia-alta de Natal-RN. N?o houve maiores dificuldades por parte dos alunos em reconhecer os dom?nios-fonte envolvidos: em torno de 80% para a grande maioria dos enunciados

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-13T17:04:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AyresCON.pdf: 499485 bytes, checksum: 0c2df647d28b9d8ceb099f01d2e2e2e8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-12 / The research aimed two objectives: 1st) identifying and describing the metaphors of the inflation, in a corpus of 18 texts of economic journalism, from Joelmir Beting, written in the last trimester of 2002, at the moment of the government s transition of president Fernando Henrique Cardoso to Luiz In?cio Lula Da Silva. 2nd) verifying the recognition of the metaphors by the students of the basic education of a private school from Natal. 91 metaphors had been identified, analyzed in the perspective of the conceptual metaphor s theory, by Lakoff and Johnson (2002), on the basis of the distinction between conceptual metaphor and metaphoric expressions, and between domain-source/domain-target. 10 underlying conceptual metaphors had been inferred, being that the domains-source used more frequently to characterize the inflation had been those ones according to the human being and the animals and, of a less imaginable form, to the ways of transport (car, aircraft). These general conceptual metaphors had been unfolded in other s more specific ones ( animal specifying itself in lion , dragon , dog , etc.). Another result was the identification of metaphoric expressions with two or more meanings , with relation to more than one conceptual metaphor or explicit, in the same expression, two domains-source (for example: armored dragon ) and contributes, of a relevant form, for the semantic struturation of the text. The understanding of the metaphors was verified through an activity of domains-source s identification (10 metaphoric statements and fulfilling of the gap in the phrase the inflation is a/an ) applied in a group of 8th year of the basic education (12-13 years old, with 14 girls and 17 boys) from a school of good social and economic positions from Natal-RN. There weren t great difficulties on the part of the students in recognizing the domains-source involved: about 80% to the great majority of the statements / A pesquisa visou a dois objetivos: 1?) identificar e descrever as met?foras da infla??o, em um corpus de 18 textos de jornalismo econ?mico, de autoria de Joelmir Beting, escritos no ?ltimo trimestre de 2002, no momento da transi??o do governo do presidente Fernando Henrique Cardoso para o do presidente eleito Luiz In?cio Lula da Silva. 2?) verificar o reconhecimento das met?foras por parte de alunos do ensino fundamental de uma escola particular de Natal. Foram identificadas 91 met?foras, analisadas na perspectiva da teoria da met?fora conceitual, de Lakoff e Johnson (2002), com base na distin??o entre met?fora conceitual / express?es metaf?ricas, e entre dom?nio-fonte / dom?nio-alvo. Foram depreendidas 10 met?foras conceituais subjacentes, sendo que os dom?nios-fonte mais freq?entemente utilizados para caracterizar a infla??o foram aqueles ligados ao ser humano e aos animais e, de forma menos previs?vel, aos meios de transporte (carro, aeronave). Essas met?foras conceituais gerais, foram desdobradas em outras mais espec?ficas ( animal especificando-se em le?o , drag?o , cachorro , etc.). Um outro resultado foi a identifica??o de express?es metaf?ricas poliss?micas , que remetem a mais de uma met?fora conceitual ou explicitam, na mesma express?o, dois dom?nios-fonte (por exemplo: drag?o blindado ) e contribuem, de forma relevante, para a estrutura??o sem?ntica do texto. A compreens?o das met?foras foi verificada atrav?s de uma atividade de identifica??o de dom?nios-fonte (10 enunciados metaf?ricos e preenchimento da lacuna na frase A infla??o ? um/uma... ) aplicada em uma turma de 8? ano do ensino fundamental (12-13 anos de idade, sendo 14 meninas e 17 meninos) de uma escola de classe m?dia-alta de Natal-RN. N?o houve maiores dificuldades por parte dos alunos em reconhecer os dom?nios-fonte envolvidos: em torno de 80% para a grande maioria dos enunciados

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2015-12-01T23:23:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AdaLimaFerreiraDeSousa_TESE.pdf: 3837416 bytes, checksum: e4ed74febd06eacdbd1bfeb5eb7c54d9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-12-08T23:10:15Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 AdaLimaFerreiraDeSousa_TESE.pdf: 3837416 bytes, checksum: e4ed74febd06eacdbd1bfeb5eb7c54d9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-08T23:10:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AdaLimaFerreiraDeSousa_TESE.pdf: 3837416 bytes, checksum: e4ed74febd06eacdbd1bfeb5eb7c54d9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-11-13 / Este trabalho tem como objeto de estudo a constru??o de met?foras e de meton?mias nas hist?rias em quadrinhos e est? inserido no campo da Lingu?stica Cognitiva Corporificada. Tomo por base, especificamente, a Teoria Neural da Linguagem (FELDMAN, 2006) e, em conson?ncia com esse arcabou?o te?rico-metodol?gico, utilizo as no??es de categoriza??o (LAKOFF; JOHNSON, 1999), corporalidade (GIBBS, 2005), figuratividade (GIBBS, 1994; BERGEN, 2005) e simula??o mental (BARSALOU, 1999; FELDMAN, Ibid.). A hip?tese defendida ? a de que a constru??o da figuratividade em textos constitu?dos por mecanismos verbais e n?o verbais est? atrelada ? ativa??o de estruturas neurais relacionadas a nossas a??es e percep??es. Desse modo, a linguagem ? considerada uma faculdade cognitiva ligada ao aparato cerebral e ?s experi?ncias corp?reas, de maneira que ela fornece amostras do processo cont?nuo de (re)constru??o de sentidos efetivado pelo leitor, o qual (re)define suas vis?es acerca do mundo ? medida que certas redes neurais s?o (ou deixam de ser) ativadas durante o processamento lingu?stico. Dados obtidos na an?lise apontam que, no tocante ?s hist?rias em quadrinhos, a leitura dos recursos gr?ficos integrada ? da linguagem verbal parece ter um papel importante na constru??o de met?foras e de meton?mias, havendo casos, inclusive, de met?foras metonimicamente motivadas. Essas conclus?es adv?m da an?lise de dados retirados da obra V de vingan?a (MOORE; LLOYD, 2006). O estudo do corpus ? pautado na metodologia da introspec??o, isto ?, a an?lise individual dos aspectos lingu?sticos conforme se manifestam na pr?pria cogni??o do sujeito (TALMY, 2005). / The object of this study is the construction of metaphor and metonymy in comics. This work is inserted in the field of Embodied Cognitive Linguistics, specifically based on the Neural Theory of Language (FELDMAN, 2006) and, consistent with this theoretical and methodological framework, the notions of categorization (LAKOFF & JOHNSON, 1999), embodiment (GIBBS, 2005), figurativity (GIBBS, 1994; BERGEN, 2005), and mental simulation (BARSALOU, 1999; FELDMAN, 2006) have also been used. The hypothesis defended is that the construction of figurativity in texts consisting of verbal and nonverbal mechanisms is linked to the activation of neural structures related to our actions and perceptions. Thus, language is considered a cognitive faculty connected to the brain apparatus and to bodily experiences, in such a way that it provides samples of the continuous process of meaning (re)construction performed by the reader, whom (re)defines his or her views about the world as certain neural networks are (or stop being) activated during linguistic processing. The data obtained during the analysys shows that, as regards comics, the act of reading together the graphics and verbal language seems to have an important role in the construction of figurativity, including cases of metaphors which are metonymically motivated. These preliminary conclusions were drawn from the data analysis taken from V de Vingan?a (MOORE; LLOYD, 2006). The corpus study was guided by the methodology of introspection, i.e., the individual analysis of linguistic aspects as manifested in one's own cognition (TALMY, 2005).

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-01-20T20:35:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JeanCarlosSilvaAndrade_TESE.pdf: 5351227 bytes, checksum: 6baecb9ca1efd3ecbe1d465cdf5fbe9b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-01-21T17:57:45Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 JeanCarlosSilvaAndrade_TESE.pdf: 5351227 bytes, checksum: 6baecb9ca1efd3ecbe1d465cdf5fbe9b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-21T17:57:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JeanCarlosSilvaAndrade_TESE.pdf: 5351227 bytes, checksum: 6baecb9ca1efd3ecbe1d465cdf5fbe9b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-10 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / A demanda por materiais com alta homogeneidade obtidos a temperaturas relativamente baixas vem alavancando a busca por processos qu?micos substituintes do m?todo cer?mico convencional. Esse trabalho tem como objetivo a obten??o de pigmentos nanom?tricos encapsulados (core-shell) a base de TiO2, dopados com ?ons de metais de transi??o (Fe, Co, Ni, Al) atrav?s de 3 (tr?s) m?todos de s?ntese: precursores polim?ricos (Pechini); hidrotermal de microondas; e co-precipita??o associado ? qu?mica sol-gel. O estudo foi motivado pela simplicidade, rapidez e baixo consumo de energia caracter?sticos desses m?todos. Os sistemas de custos s?o acess?veis, pois que permitem atingir um bom controle da microestrutura, aliada a elevada pureza, com controle estequiom?trico e de fases permitindo obter part?culas de tamanho nanom?trico. As propriedades f?sicas, qu?micas, morfol?gicas, ?pticas e estruturais dos materiais obtidos foram analisadas utilizando diferentes t?cnicas de caracteriza??o de materiais. Os p?s pigmentantes foram testados na descolora??o e degrada??o utilizando um fotoreator, atrav?s da solu??o do corante remazol amarelo ouro (RNL), a partir da filtra??o destas, resultando na separa??o da solu??o filtrante e dos pigmentos, para posterior realiza??o de medidas de UV-Vis. As diferentes temperaturas de calcina??o adotadas ap?s a obten??o dos p?s, nos diferentes m?todos foram: 400 ?C a 1000 ?C. Utilizando uma concentra??o fixa de 10% (Fe, Al, Ni, Co) em massa em rela??o ? massa do tit?nio, viabilizando tecnologicamente e economicamente o estudo. Atrav?s da t?cnica de microscopia eletr?nica de transmiss?o (MET) foi poss?vel analisar e confirmar a forma??o estrutural das part?culas de pigmentos nanom?tricos encapsulados, apresentando di?metro dos p?s de TiO2 entre 20 nm e 100 nm, e espessura da camada recoberta de Fe, Ni e Co entre 2 nm e 10 nm. O m?todo de s?ntese mais eficiente entre os estudados no trabalho foi o co-precipita??o associado ? qu?mica sol-gel, no qual foram obtidos os melhores resultados, sem a necessidade da obten??o de p?s pelo processo de calcina??o / The demand for materials with high consistency obtained at relatively low temperatures has been leveraging the search for chemical processes substituents of the conventional ceramic method. This paper aims to obtain nanosized pigments encapsulated (core-shell) the basis of TiO2 doped with transition metals (Fe, Co, Ni, Al) through three (3) methods of synthesis: polymeric precursors (Pechini); hydrothermal microwave, and co-precipitation associated with the sol-gel chemistry. The study was motivated by the simplicity, speed and low power consumption characteristic of these methods. Systems costs are affordable because they allow achieving good control of microstructure, combined with high purity, controlled stoichiometric phases and allowing to obtain particles of nanometer size. The physical, chemical, morphological, structural and optical properties of the materials obtained were analyzed using different techniques for materials characterization. The powder pigments were tested in discoloration and degradation using a photoreactor through the solution of Remazol yellow dye gold (NNI), such as filtration, resulting in a separation of solution and the filter pigments available for further UV-Vis measurements . Different calcination temperatures taken after obtaining the post, the different methods were: 400 ? C and 1000 ? C. Using a fixed concentration of 10% (Fe, Al, Ni, Co) mass relative to the mass of titanium technologically and economically enabling the study. By transmission electron microscopy (TEM) technique was possible to analyze and confirm the structural formation nanosized particles of encapsulated pigment, TiO2 having the diameter of 20 nm to 100 nm, and thickness of coated layer of Fe, Ni and Co between 2 nm and 10 nm. The method of synthesis more efficient has been studied in the work co-precipitation associated with sol-gel chemistry, in which the best results were achieved without the need for the obtainment of powders the calcination process

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-03-28T18:59:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 VaniltonPereiraDaSilva_TESE.pdf: 1513062 bytes, checksum: 12094486ec871ffa836a20320f965759 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-03-28T21:27:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 VaniltonPereiraDaSilva_TESE.pdf: 1513062 bytes, checksum: 12094486ec871ffa836a20320f965759 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-28T21:27:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 VaniltonPereiraDaSilva_TESE.pdf: 1513062 bytes, checksum: 12094486ec871ffa836a20320f965759 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-01 / Nesta tese, investigo o papel das express?es idiom?ticas no processo de constru??o de sentido e suas implica??es no discurso. Para isso, parto do pressuposto de que a aplica??o do Modelo de Gram?tica de Constru??o Corporificada na an?lise de idiomatismos, em contextos espec?ficos de uso, fornece subs?dios ? compreens?o do fen?meno estudado, pois evidencia: como frames, esquemas e proje??es metaf?ricas se integram na produ??o de especifica??es sem?nticas (semspec); como essas semspec s?o resolvidas no ?mbito dos contextos situacional e discursivo; e de que maneira as infer?ncias s?o produzidas durante o processamento discursivo. Nessa empreitada, recorro ?s no??es de categoriza??o (LAKOFF, 1987; FELDMAN, 2006), constru??es (BERGEN, CHANG, 2003, 2005), frames (LAKOFF, 2004; DUQUE, 2015), framing (LAKOFF, 2004), esquemas (LAKOFF, 1987; JOHNSON, 1987; DUQUE, 2015), met?foras (LAKOFF, JOHNSON, 1980, 1999; LAKOFF, 2008), contexto (VAN DIJK, 2012), corporalidade (LAKOFF, JOHNSON, 1999; BERGEN, 2005, 2010), affordances (GIBSON, 1977, 1979) e idiomaticidade (FILLMORE, KAY, O?CONNOR, 1988; SILVA, 2012). A hip?tese defendida ? a de que as express?es idiom?ticas ajustam um conjunto de mapeamentos metaf?ricos com base no framing, processo de modelagem de frames, por meio do qual o discurso ? estruturado. O corpus deste trabalho ? constitu?do pelas express?es idiom?ticas ?abandonar o barco?, ?chutar o balde?, ?agarrar com unhas e dentes? e ?filho de peixe peixinho ?? distribu?das em 15 textos retirados da internet por meio do mecanismo de busca Google. A metodologia utilizada ? de cunho qualitativo, uma vez que permite a realiza??o de uma an?lise emp?rica dos dados, sem a preocupa??o de recorrer a informa??es quantitativas, e se alicer?a no Modelo de An?lise Construcional, que apresenta um formalismo de an?lise lingu?stica feito especificamente para compor uma modelagem de constru??o de sentido baseada em simula??o. As informa??es obtidas na an?lise indicam que as express?es idiom?ticas n?o s? associam significados convencionalizados e esquem?ticos, mas tamb?m integram elementos como a??es, infer?ncias e abstra??es, influenciando a organiza??o discursiva e os processos de constru??o de sentido dos textos. / In this thesis, we investigate the role of idiomatic expressions in the process of meaning construction and its implications for speech. To that end, we assume that the application of the Grammar Model for Embodied Construction in the analysis of idiomatisms, in specific contexts of use, provides subsidies for the understanding of the studied phenomenon, since it highlights the way in which frames, schemes and metaphorical projections are integrated in the production semantic specifications (semspec); the way in which these ?semspec? are addressed in the scope of the situational and discursive contexts; and the way in which the inferences are produced throughout the discursive processing. In this work, we rely on the notions of categorization (LAKOFF, 1987; FELDMAN, 2006), constructions (BERGEN, CHANG, 2003, 2005), frames (LAKOFF, 2004; DUQUE, 2015), framing (LAKOFF, 2004), schemes (LAKOFF, 1987; JOHNSON, 1987; DUQUE, 2015), metaphors (LAKOFF, JOHNSON, 1980, 1999; LAKOFF, 2008), context (VAN DIJK, 2012), corporeality (LAKOFF, JOHNSON, 1999; BERGEN, 2005, 2010), affordances (GIBSON, 1977, 1979) and idiomaticity (FILLMORE, KAY, O?CONNOR, 1988; SILVA, 2012). The advocated hypothesis claims that idiomatic expressions organize a set of metaphorical mappings based on framing, i.e., the framework modeling process, through which the speech is structured. The corpus of this work is made up of the Portuguese idiomatic expressions ?abandonar o barco?, ?chutar o balde?, ?agarrar com unhas e dentes? and ?filho de peixe peixinho ??, which are distributed in 15 texts extracted from the internet by means of the Google search engine. The employed methodology has a qualitative nature, as it enables the accomplishment of an empirical analysis of data, without the worry about relying on quantitative information, and is underpinned by the Model of Constructional Analysis, which has a formalism of linguistic analysis specifically made to compose a simulation-based modeling of meaning construction. The information obtained in the analysis points out that idiomatic expressions not only associate conventionalized and schematic meanings, but also integrate elements such as actions, inferences and abstractions, thereby influencing the discursive organization and the processes of meaning construction of texts.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-06-02T19:56:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AnaLauraOliveiraDeSaLeitao_DISSERT.pdf: 2567835 bytes, checksum: 8d09f5d4c4935ef58bb6215cd5a73b5f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-06-06T00:09:33Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 AnaLauraOliveiraDeSaLeitao_DISSERT.pdf: 2567835 bytes, checksum: 8d09f5d4c4935ef58bb6215cd5a73b5f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-06T00:09:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AnaLauraOliveiraDeSaLeitao_DISSERT.pdf: 2567835 bytes, checksum: 8d09f5d4c4935ef58bb6215cd5a73b5f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-08 / Com o desenvolvimento da ind?stria biotecnol?gica, ? crescente o interesse por ant?genos recombinantes purificados para obten??o de vacinas. Por?m, para essa aplica??o esses ant?genos precisam apresentar um elevado grau de pureza, e por isso ? de grande relev?ncia o desenvolvimento de t?cnicas que permitam a redu??o do n?mero de opera??es unit?rias necess?rias ao processo de purifica??o, permitindo ainda uma elevada recupera??o e proporcionando uma maior economia na obten??o dos bioprodutos. A Adsor??o em Leito Expandido (ALE) vem se destacando como uma alternativa prop?cia para o downstream processing, pois ? uma t?cnica cromatogr?fica de modo simples e de baixo custo, que integra as etapas de clarifica??o, concentra??o, purifica??o em uma ?nica opera??o. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar os m?todos de rompimento celular e os diferentes metais imobilizados em resina Streamline chelating para purifica??o do ant?geno 503 de Leishmania i. chagasi por ALE bem como remover os lipopolissacar?deos (LPS) liberados durante a etapa de rompimento celular. Primeiramente, foi avaliado qual o melhor m?todo de rompimento celular para obten??o da prote?na intracelular. As estrat?gias estudadas utilizando lisozima, p?rolas de vidro, ureia e EDTA foram avaliadas atrav?s de quatro planejamentos experimentais. Em seguida, foram realizados testes de adsor??o em batelada, utilizando-se cinco ?ons met?licos (Cu2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, Co2+ e Fe3+) nas concentra??es de 0,1, 0,5 e 0,8 mol/L acoplados na resina Streamline chelating, escolhendo-se o metal que apresentou melhor adsor??o do ant?geno para os ensaios usando ALE. Posteriormente, foi estimada a quantidade m?nima de tensoativo Triton X-114 necess?ria na etapa de lavagem da ALE para remo??o do LPS, a fim de obter-se o ant?geno 503 livre desse contaminante. E por fim, foram realizados ensaios de ALE visando recuperar e purificar a prote?na de interesse. Para os ensaios usando ALE utilizou-se uma coluna de 2,6 cm de di?metro por 30 cm de altura, acoplada a uma bomba perist?ltica. Com os planejamentos experimentais realizados para avalia??o do rompimento celular, observou-se que maiores quantidades de prote?nas totais e do ant?geno 503 liberadas foram obtidas para o m?todo da ureia e que o ?nico fator significativo para esse planejamento foi a concentra??o, correspondente a 8,0 M. Como resultado para a triagem do ?on met?lico, o cobre (Cu2+) foi o metal que apresentou maior capacidade de adsor??o do ant?geno 503, apresentando valores de capacidade de adsor??o de 0,102, 0,128 e 0,111 mg/mL de adsorvente para as concentra??es de 0,1, 0,5 e 0,8 mol/L, respectivamente. Tem-se ainda que para as tr?s condi??es analisadas (0,01, 0,05 e 0,1 % de Triton X-114) na etapa de lavagem da ALE o percentual de remo??o de LPS foi elevado e que a concentra??o m?nima utilizada (0,01 %) j? foi suficiente para a remo??o de 99,70 % deste contaminante. Para o teste de ALE utilizando elui??o isocr?tica (0,6 M de imidazol) os resultados obtidos mostraram baixa recupera??o (3,0 %) do ant?geno 503. Avaliou-se ent?o a elui??o em degrau, inicialmente em dois passos, aplicando-se 0,6 mol/L e, em seguida, 1,0 mol/L de imidazol. Por?m, esta estrat?gia ainda n?o foi eficiente para recuperar a prote?na de interesse. Um novo ensaio foi realizado, com um total de tr?s passos de elui??o, utilizando 0,3 e 0,6 mol/L. Esse ?ltimo teste mostrou uma recupera??o de 15,0 % da prote?na de interesse e um fator de purifica??o de, aproximadamente, 3,0. Portanto, a t?cnica cromatogr?fica de afinidade por ?ons met?licos imobilizados (IMAC) mostrou ser uma alternativa eficiente na recupera??o e purifica??o do ant?geno 503 a partir do homogeneizado de E. coli n?o clarificado. / Due to the development of biotechnology industry, there is a growing interest in purified recombinant antigens to obtain vaccines. However, for this application these antigens require a high degree of purity, thus, it is of great relevance the development of techniques that allow the reduction in the number of unitary operations required for the purification process, this would also allow a high recovery and a greater saving in obtaining bioproducts. The Expanded Bed Adsorption (EBA) has shown as a suitable alternative for downstream processing, once it is a simple and low cost chromatographic technique that integrates clarification, concentration and purification in a single operation. This study aims at evaluating the methods of cell disruption and the different metals immobilized in Streamline Chelating resin for purification of Leishmania i. chagasi 503 antigen by EBA as well as removing the lipopolysaccharides (endotoxin) released during the stage of cell disruption. Firstly, the best method of cell disruption to obtain intracellular protein was evaluated. The strategies studied using lysozyme, glass beads, urea and EDTA were evaluated through four experimental designs. Then, batch adsorption tests were carried out using five metal ions (Cu2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, Co2+ and Fe3+) at concentrations of 0.1, 0.5 and 0.8 M coupled in the Streamline chelating resin, selecting the metal that showed the best adsorption of the antigen for the assays using EBA. Then, the minimum amount of Triton X-114 tensioactive required in the EBA wash stage for LPS removal was estimated in order to obtain the 503 antigen free of this contaminant. Finally, EBA assays were performed in order to recover and purify the protein of interest. EBA experiments were carried out using a column of 2.6 cm in diameter (30 cm height), coupled to a peristaltic pump. The experimental plannings carried out to evaluate cell disruption, showed that higher amounts of total proteins and 503 antigen released were obtained for the urea method and that the only significant factor for this planning was the concentration corresponding to 8.0 M. As a result of the metal ion screening, copper (Cu2+) was the metal with the highest adsorption capacity of 503 antigen, presenting adsorption capacity values of 0.102, 0.128 and 0.111 mg / mL of adsorbent at concentrations of 0.1, 0.5 and 0.8 M, respectively. For the three analyzed conditions (0.01, 0.05 and 0.1% Triton X-114) in the EBA washing stage, the percentage of LPS removal was high and the minimum concentration used (0.01%) was enough to remove 99.70% of this contaminant. For the EBA test using isocratic elution (0.6 M imidazole) the results obtained showed a low recovery (3.0 %) of the 503 antigen. The step elution was then evaluated, initially in two steps, applying 0.6 M and then 1.0 M imidazole. However, this strategy has not yet been effective in recovering the protein of interest. A new assay was performed, with a total of three elution steps, using 0.3 and 0.6 M. This test showed that a recovery of 15.0% of the protein of interest and a purification factor of 3.0. Therefore, the immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography (IMAC) technique has been shown to be an efficient alternative in the recovery and purification of the 503 antigen from the homogenized E. coli unclarified.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-07-03T13:37:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JoseLeonaldoDeSouza_DISSERT.pdf: 2323627 bytes, checksum: 0b82f3fcf1052c6990e64f3b99a70364 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-07-06T16:06:51Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 JoseLeonaldoDeSouza_DISSERT.pdf: 2323627 bytes, checksum: 0b82f3fcf1052c6990e64f3b99a70364 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-06T16:06:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JoseLeonaldoDeSouza_DISSERT.pdf: 2323627 bytes, checksum: 0b82f3fcf1052c6990e64f3b99a70364 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-30 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Os materiais cer?micos, tais como a alumina (Al2O3) e o cobalto (Co), apresentam caracteristicas relevantes para aplica??o como ferramentas de corte, e dentre estas se destacam a elevada dureza e o alto ponto de fus?o. No entanto, a sua aplica??o ? limitada pela sua baixa tenacidade e baixa resist?ncia mec?nica. Desta forma, a fim de aumentar a tenacidade do material, mantendo-se as elevadas propriedades mec?nicas, alguns metais, como por exemplo, o cobalto (Co), t?m sido usados na tentativa de se produzir um material mais tenaz. Neste trabalho, estudouse o efeito da moagem de alta energia e da adi??o de (%p.) Co na densifica??o e microestrutura, assim como, nas propriedades mec?nicas do composto Al2O3-Co. Os p?s-particulados (Al2O3 e Co), com percentuais de 5 e 20%p. de cobalto, foram mo?dos em um moinho planet?rio durante 50 horas, e amostras de p?s foram coletadas nos intervalos de 2, 10, 15, 20, 30,40 e 50 horas. Os p?s mo?dos foram caracterizados por difra??o de raios-X (DRX), an?lises particulom?tricas, microscopia eletr?nica de varredura (MEV); e compactados em uma matriz cil?ndrica sob uma press?o uniaxial de 100 MPa. Posteriormente, os compactados a verde foram sinterizados em um forno resistivo nas temperaturas de 1200 a 1500 ?C, por 60 minutos, sob uma atmosfera de arg?nio com taxa de aquecimento de 10?C/min. Os corpos de prova sinterizados foram caracterizados por DRX, MEV e energia dispersiva (EDS). A densidade foi medida usando o m?todo geom?trico (massa/volume), e os melhores valores foram obtidos para as amostras sinterizadas a temperatura de 1500 ?C, sendo a densidade relativa igual a 78 %, seguido das sinterizadas a temperaturas de 1350?C e 1300?C, que apresentaram as respectivas densidades 68 %, e 62 %. / Ceramic materials, such as alumina (Al2O3) and cobalt (Co), present characteristics like high hardness and the high melting point for application as cutting tools. However, its application is limited because of its low toughness and low mechanical strength. Thus, in order to increase the toughness and maintaining the high mechanical properties, some metals such as cobalt (Co) have been used. In this work, the effect of the high energy milling and different amount of Co on densification, microstructure and mechanical properties of the Al2O3-Co compound were studied. The particulate powders (Al2O3 and Co), with 5 and 20 wt% of cobalt, were milled in a planetary milling for 50 hours, and powder mixture samples were collected at the intervals of 2, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40 and 50 hours. The milled powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), particulometric analyzes, scanning electron microscopy (SEM); And compacted in a cylindrical matrix under a uniaxial pressure of 100 MPa. Subsequently, green compacts were sintered in a resistance furnace at 1200 to 1500 ?C with holding time of 60 minutes under an argon atmosphere with a heating rate of 10 ?C/min. The sintered samples were characterized by XRD, SEM and EDS. Density was measured using the geometric method (mass/volume), and the best values were obtained for the samples sintered at 1500 ?C with relative density of 78% compared with sample sintering at 1350 and 1300 ?C which presented relative densities of 68% and 62% respectively.

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-10-09T11:38:28Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Anielle Carvalho Bandeira - 2016.pdf: 3728087 bytes, checksum: 11425e90569d00c562e5046dfd39fd10 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-10-09T12:50:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Anielle Carvalho Bandeira - 2016.pdf: 3728087 bytes, checksum: 11425e90569d00c562e5046dfd39fd10 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-09T12:50:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Anielle Carvalho Bandeira - 2016.pdf: 3728087 bytes, checksum: 11425e90569d00c562e5046dfd39fd10 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-16 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás - FAPEG / Nanotechnology involves the creation and use of materials, devices and systems through control of matter on the manometer scale. It has positive impact on medicine involving the treatment and diagnosis. Drug delivery systems prepared with nanostructures have the ability to overcome biological barriers and optimizing drug release. However, one of the main challenges in the use of these systems is their internalization by macrophages. This study aims to prepare and characterize polymer nanoparticles formed by biodegradable polymers and investigate its impact on the function of macrophages in vitro by the observation of cell viability, phagocytic activity and cytokine production. Also, was investigate the cytokine profile in serum and splenocytes culture supernatant from Balb/C mice injected with chitosan nanoparticles. The chitosan and chitosan-containing magnetic nanoparticles were prepared by ionic gelation crosslinking, resulting in a morphology "nearly spherical" and positive zeta potential. The PLGA prepared by emulsification and solvent evaporation method presented spherical morphology and negative zeta potential. All preparations had a diameter smaller than 300 nanometers and polydispersity index lower than 0.5. Nanoparticles of chitosan and PLGA affected the viability of macrophages in vitro only at the highest concentration tested (4 mg/mL). The chitosan nanoparticles containing magnetic nanoparticles were internalized by macrophages after 4h and 24h of incubation. Different nanoparticles triggered high production of TNF- and low IL12p40 production and IL-10. Serum and splenocytes culture supernatant was observed in both the production of IFN- as IL-4. However, IL-4 production was higher than that of IFN-. / A nanotecnologia envolve a criação e utilização de materiais, dispositivos e sistemas através do controle da matéria na escala manométrica. Apresenta impactos positivos na medicina que envolve desde o diagnóstico ao tratamento de doenças. Sistemas de entrega de fármacos apresentam a capacidade de superar barreiras biológicas e otimizar a liberação de um fármaco. No entanto, um dos principais desafios na utilização desses sistemas é a sua internalização pelos macrófagos. Esse estudo objetiva preparar e caracterizar nanopartículas poliméricas formadas por polímeros biodegradáveis e investigar o seu impacto na função dosmacrófagos in vitro através da observação da viabilidade celular, atividade fagocítica e produção de citocinas. Além do perfil de citocinas no soro e sobrenadante de cultura de esplenócitos provenientes de camundongos Balb/C que foram injetados com uma suspensão de nanopartículas de quitosana. As nanopartículas de quitosana e quitosana contendo magnéticas foram preparadas por gelificação iônica apresentando morfologia reticular e “quase esférica”, respectivamente, e potencial zeta positivo. As de PLGA preparadas por emulsificação e evaporação do solvente apresentaram morfologia esférica e potencial zeta negativo. Todas apresentaram diâmetro menor que 300 nanômetros e índice de polidispersão menor que 0,5. As nanopartículas de quitosana e de PLGA afetaram a viabilidade de macrófagos in vitro apenas na maior concentração testada (4mg/mL). As nanopartículas de quitosana contendo magnética foram internalizadas pelos macrófagos em 4h e 24h de incubação. As diferentes nanopartículas desencadearam a produção elevada de TNF- e baixa produção de IL12p40 e IL-10. No soro e no sobrenadante da cultura de esplenócitos foi observada tanto a produção de INF- quanto de IL-4. No entanto, a produção de IL-4 foi maior que a de IFN-.