Experimental study is an important methodology for ocean engineering research. However, measuring any physical parameters in the field involves the instrumentation to overcome a wide range of problems, such as robustness to the severe environment, limitation of power supply and data storage, and also simplicity of operation. Taking seabed profile or bedform measurement as an example, conductivity point gauge or ultra-sound non-contact profiler is usually adopted. Limited by the time needed per sampling, these approaches are costly in operation if dense grid points are required to describe the variation of a long transect. In addition to this drawback, the surface will be disturbed after conductivity-based contact probing. We propose using an off-the-shelf, non-metric CCD camera along with a simple calibration methodology as an alternative to carry out the measurement. As the semiconductor technology advances drastically, nowadays high quality CCD cameras are available with inexpensive prices. Recently, CCD camera emerges as a convenient input sensor for many applications. However, generally it requires a delicate optical and geometrical calibration of the camera before it can be used to carry out 2D or 3D measurement of the target. The optical parameters are focal length, distortion of lens, optical axis offset, CCD array linearity and etc; and geometrical parameters are position and orientation of the CCD camera. Some of these parameters are sensitive to the setup of the system, and a re-calibration is needed whenever the system is disassembled or moved. We propose using a template on which grid points of known locations are used to construct several sub-mappings between measurement coordinate system and image pixel coordinate system. This simple procedure is effective to meet the accuracy requirement for several applications. In this work, this idea is adopted and verified in three different experiments: An underwater laser line scanner, a cross-section wave tank bedform profiling and Particle Imaging Velocimetry.

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Diss.--Technische Hochschule Darmstadt. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin, 1966. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 100-101).

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The central idea in this thesis is the introduction of a new isometric invariant of a Banach space. This is Property AI-I. A Banach space has Property AI-I if whenever a finite metric space almost-isometrically embeds into the space, it isometrically embeds. To study this property we introduce two further properties that can be thought of as finite metric variants of Dvoretzky's Theorem and Krivine's Theorem. We say that a Banach space satisfies the Finite Isometric Dvoretzky Property (FIDP) if it contains every finite subset of $\ell_2$ isometrically. We say that a Banach space has the Finite Isometric Krivine Property (FIKP) if whenever $\ell_p$ is finitely representable in the space then it contains every subset of $\ell_p$ isometrically. We show that every infinite-dimensional Banach space \emph{nearly} has FIDP and every Banach space nearly has FIKP. We then use convexity arguments to demonstrate that not every Banach space has FIKP, and thus we can exhibit classes of Banach spaces that fail to have Property AI-I. The methods used break down when one attempts to prove that there is a Banach space without FIDP and we conjecture that every infinite-dimensional Banach space has Property FIDP.

This paper is a study of some of the basic properties of the metric half-space topology, a topology on a set which is derived from a metric on the set. In the first it is found that in a complete inner product space, the metric half-space topology is the same as one defined in terms of linear functionals on the space. In the second it is proven that in Rn the metric half-space topology is the same as the usual metric topology. In the third theorem it is shown that in a certain sense the nature of the metric halfspace topology generated by a norm on the space determines whether the norm is quadratic, that is to say, whether or not there exists an inner product on the space with the property that |x|^2=(x,x) for all x in the space.

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This thesis describes various forms of metric spaces and establishes some of the properties of functions defined on metric spaces. No attempt is made in this paper to examine a particular type of function in detail. Instead, some of properties of several kinds of functions will be observed as the functions are defined on various forms of metric spaces such as connected spaces, compact spaces, complete spaces, etc.

The purpose of this thesis is to study some of the properties of metric spaces. An effort is made to show that many of the properties of a metric space are generalized properties of R, the set of real numbers, or Euclidean n--space, and are specific cases of the properties of a general topological space.