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Digital nets and sequences for quasi-Monte Carlo methodsHong, Hee Sun 01 January 2002 (has links)
No description available.
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Towards the prediction of microstructure evolution under irradiation of model ferritic alloys with an hybrid AKMC-OKMC approach / Vers la prédiction de l’évolution de la microstructure sous irradiation d’alliages ferritiques modèles par une approche hybride AKMC-OKMCPannier, Baptiste 27 June 2017 (has links)
Ce travail de thèse consistait en premier lieu à accélérer un modèle de Monte Carlo Cinétique Atomique visant à simuler l’évolution de la microstructure d’alliages modèles du type FeCuMnNiSiP représentatifs de l’acier de cuve sous irradiation neutronique. Cette accélération était nécessaire pour atteindre des doses ainsi que des flux comparables à l’expérience en des temps raisonnables. Pour cela, une accélération algorithmique du code de calcul LAKIMOCA a d’abord été réalisée. Les diverses optimisations apportées ont permis d’accélérer le code d’un facteur 7. Cette accélération ne s’avérant pas suffisante, l’approche retenue a été le développement d’une approche hybride entre une approche Monte Carlo atomique et Monte Carlo d’objets. La paramétrisation du modèle objet a permis de mieux comprendre les macro évènements en jeux dans les simulations, mais s’est révélée être d’une grande difficulté lorsque la complexité chimique des objets devient trop importante. Néanmoins, l’approche hybride a apporté une accélération des temps de calcul d’environ deux ordres de grandeur permettant de simuler des doses correspondant à 40 ans d’irradiation en production. De ces résultats, différentes limitations du modèle ainsi que de sa paramétrisation ont été mises en évidence. La difficulté du modèle à reproduire des effets de flux a été comblée par l’ajout d’un absorbeur visant à réduire la force de puits des joints de grains ainsi que par l’ajout de pièges pour rendre compte de la présence d’impureté dans le fer pur. Les simulations à hautes doses dans les alliages du type FeCuMnNiSiP ont aussi mis en évidence des différences entre les microstructures simulées et celles observées expérimentalement. Ainsi, dans un second temps, un nouveau modèle de cohésion basée sur des interactions de paires dépendantes de la concentration locale a été développé et paramétré. Bien que le nouveau modèle de cohésion soit numériquement plus lourd, il a été possible d’atteindre la dose ciblée en le couplant à l’approche hybride. Les résultats obtenus sont en meilleur en accord avec les calculs DFT récents ainsi qu’avec les microstructures expérimentales. / This PhD thesis work consisted, in the first place, in accelerating an atomic kinetic Monte Carlo model aiming at simulating the microstructure evolution of the FeCuMnNiP model alloys, representative of the reactor pressure vessel steels, under irradiation. This acceleration was required to reach, in a reasonable amount of time, doses and flux conditions comparable to the experimental ones. To do so, an algorithmic optimization has first been performed. The different optimizations introduced lead to an acceleration of the code of a 7 factor. Since this acceleration was not sufficient, the retained approach was to develop an hybrid between an AKMC and an OKMC. The parameterization of the object model provided a better understanding of the macro events involved in the simulations. It turns out that parameterize the model became too complex when increasing the chemical complexity of the objects. However, the hybrid approach brings an acceleration of two orders of magnitude allowing reaching doses corresponding to 40 years of irradiation in service condition. From these results, different limitations of the model as well as the parameterization were highlighted. The difficulty of the model to reproduce flux effect has been solved by adding an absorber that reduced the grain boundary sink strength. Traps have also been introduced to simulate the presence of impurities in pure iron. The high doses simulations in FeCuMnNiSiP model alloys also highlighted differences between the microstructures simulated and those observed experimentally. Thus, in a second time, a new cohesive model based on concentration dependent pair interactions has been developed and parameterized. While the new cohesive model is numerically heavier than the previous one, it has been possible to reach the target dose by coupling it with the hybrid model. The results obtained are in better agreement with recent DFT calculations and experimental microstructures.
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Seleção de variaveis binarias para diagnostico medico : comparação do criterio de kokolakis com outros concorrentesHentges, Adão Luiz 19 July 1989 (has links)
Orientador : Jose Antonio Cordeiro / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matematica, Estatistica e Ciencia da Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-16T09:33:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Hentges_AdaoLuiz_M.pdf: 1614235 bytes, checksum: c790b07a593ee63321b177cd35cec8b2 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 1989 / Resumo: Não informado / Abstract: Not informed / Mestrado / Mestre em Estatística
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High dimensional Bayesian computation / Computation bayésienne en grande dimensionBuchholz, Alexander 22 November 2018 (has links)
La statistique bayésienne computationnelle construit des approximations de la distribution a posteriori soit par échantillonnage, soit en construisant des approximations tractables. La contribution de cette thèse au domaine des statistiques bayésiennes est le développement de nouvelle méthodologie en combinant des méthodes existantes. Nos approches sont mieux adaptées à la dimension ou entraînent une réduction du coût de calcul par rapport aux méthodes existantes.Notre première contribution améliore le calcul bayésien approximatif (ABC) en utilisant le quasi-Monte Carlo (QMC). ABC permet l'inférence bayésienne dans les modèles avec une vraisemblance intractable. QMC est une technique de réduction de variance qui fournit des estimateurs plus précis d’intégrales. Notre deuxième contribution utilise le QMC pour l'inférence variationnelle(VI). VI est une méthode pour construire des approximations tractable à la distribution a posteriori . La troisième contribution développe une approche pour adapter les échantillonneurs Monte Carlo séquentiel (SMC) lorsque on utilise des noyaux de mutation Hamiltonian MonteCarlo (HMC). Les échantillonneurs SMC permettent une estimation non biaisée de l’évidence du modèle, mais ils ont tendance à perdre en performance lorsque la dimension croit. HMC est une technique de Monte Carlo par chaîne de Markov qui présente des propriétés intéressantes lorsque la dimension de l'espace cible augmente mais elle est difficile à adapter. En combinant les deux,nous construisons un échantillonneur qui tire avantage des deux. / Computational Bayesian statistics builds approximations to the posterior distribution either bysampling or by constructing tractable approximations. The contribution of this thesis to the fieldof Bayesian statistics is the development of new methodology by combining existing methods. Ourapproaches either scale better with the dimension or result in reduced computational cost com-pared to existing methods. Our first contribution improves approximate Bayesian computation(ABC) by using quasi-Monte Carlo (QMC). ABC allows Bayesian inference in models with in-tractable likelihoods. QMC is a variance reduction technique that yields precise estimations ofintegrals. Our second contribution takes advantage of QMC for Variational Inference (VI). VIis a method for constructing tractable approximations to the posterior distribution. The thirdcontribution develops an approach for tuning Sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) samplers whenusing Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC) mutation kernels. SMC samplers allow the unbiasedestimation of the model evidence but tend to struggle with increasing dimension. HMC is aMarkov chain Monte Carlo technique that has appealing properties when the dimension of thetarget space increases but is difficult to tune. By combining the two we construct a sampler thattakes advantage of the two.
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Replica Exchange Monte Carlo Simulations of the Ising Spin Glass: Static and Dynamic PropertiesYucesoy, Burcu 01 September 2013 (has links)
Spin glasses have been the subject of intense study and considerable controversy for decades, and the low-temperature phase of short-range spin glasses is still poorly understood. Our main goal is to improve our understanding in this area and find an answer to the following question: Are there only a single pair or a countable infinity of pure states in the low temperature phase of the EA spin glass? To that aim we first start by introducing spin glasses and provide a brief history of their research, then proceed to describe our method of simulation, the parallel tempering Monte Carlo algorithm. Next, we present the results of a large-scale numerical study of the equilibrium three-dimensional Edwards-Anderson Ising spin glass with Gaussian disorder. In order to understand how the parallel tempering algorithm works, we measure various static, as well as dynamical quantities, such as the autocorrelation times and round-trip times for the parallel tempering Monte Carlo method. We examine the correlation between static and dynamic observables for _ 5000 disorder realizations and up to 1000 spins down to temperatures at 20% of the critical temperature, and our results show that autocorrelation times are directly correlated with the roughness of the free-energy landscape. In the following chapters, the three- and four-dimensional Edwards-Anderson and mean-field Sherrington-Kirkpatrick Ising spin glasses are studied again via large-scale Monte Carlo simulations at low temperatures, deep within the spinglass phase. Performing a careful statistical analysis of several thousand independent disorder realizations and using an observable that detects peaks in the overlap distribution, we show that the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick and Edwards-Anderson models have a distinctly different low-temperature behavior. We arrive to the following conclusion: The structure of the spin-glass overlap distribution for the Edwards-Anderson model suggests that its low-temperature phase has only a single pair of pure states. Finally we present results for several new observables, along with a few preliminary studies and suggestions for future research.
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Quantitative Assessment of the Source Attenuation for the New CT-compatible Titanium Fletcher-Suit-Delclos (FSD) Gynecologic ApplicatorSoni, Neelu January 2012 (has links)
No description available.
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A NEW RESAMPLING METHOD TO IMPROVE QUALITY RESEARCH WITH SMALL SAMPLESBAI, HAIYAN 03 April 2007 (has links)
No description available.
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Sequential imputation and linkage analysis /Skrivanek, Zachary. January 2002 (has links)
No description available.
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Monte Carlo calculations on the helix-coil transition in polypeptides : a study of the kinetics and the effect of excluded volume /Neves, Darrow Edward January 1976 (has links)
No description available.
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Dosimetría Monte Carlo para campos colimados de fotonesRucci, José Alexis 25 March 2015 (has links)
La planificación de tratamientos en radioterapia utilizando códigos Monte Carlo
está convirtiéndose rápidamente en una alternativa a los sistemas de planificación de
tratamiento tradicionales, y ciertamente son considerados una herramienta útil a los
efectos de la verificación independiente dentro de un sistema de manejo de la calidad.
Esto es posible, en parte, gracias al poder de cálculo de las computadoras actuales, que
hace posible la obtención de resultados estadísticamente satisfactorios en poco tiempo.
En la presente tesis se desarrolló un modelo de fuentes virtuales sencillo a fin de
reemplazar la geometría de un cabezal de tratamiento de radioterapia, que permita obtener
los mismos resultados dosimétricos dentro de los intervalos de confianza recomendados,
sin necesidad de simular detalladamente el cabezal. Este modelo se construyó
partiendo de archivos de espacio de fase disponibles en la base de datos del OIEA.
En una primera parte se desarrolló un modelo híbrido que consistió en una fuente
extensa de fotones con una estructura geométrica que permitió modelar el tamaño
del campo y generar contaminación electrónica. Posteriormente se procedió a simular
tamaños de campo pequeños (menores a 20 x 20 cm2) y se calculó la deposición de
dosis en agua, comparando los resultados obtenidos con mediciones experimentales.
Para extender el modelo a tamaños de campo grandes, en una segunda etapa se
realizó una modificación a la geometría del modelo con el agregado de un filtro aplanador
genérico de espesor variable. Posteriormente se realizaron simulaciones para campos
grandes (hasta 40x40 cm2), comparándolos nuevamente con mediciones experimentales.
Los resultados obtenidos mostraron un buen acuerdo con las mediciones experimentales,
dentro de los intervalos de confianza recomendados. Esto sugiere que este
modelo puede utilizarse a propósitos de verificación de planificadores de tratamiento
de radioterapia. / The implementation of Monte Carlo methods for treatment planning in radiotherapy
are an alternative to traditional Treatment Planning Systems. Actually, Monte
Carlo methods have demondtrated to be a useful tool for dose verification. The potentiality
of Monte Carlo methods was significantly increased by computation capacities
currently available.
In this thesis, a simple virtual source model was developed, in order to replace the
complete geometry of a radiotherapy accelerator treatment head and to be able to
obtain the same results within the recommended confidence intervals. This model is
based on the phase space files available in the IAEA's database.
In a first step, a hybrid model was developed. It consisted of an extended photon
source added to a geometrically simple structure which allows the configuration of the
field size and to generate electronic contamination. Thereafter Monte Carlo simulations
was performed in order to calculate the dose deposition in a water phantom for
small field sizes (less than 20 x 20 cm2) comparing these results with experimental
measurements.
In a second step, a change in the geometry of the model was developed in order
to adapt it to large fields simulations, adding a generic flattening filter with variable
thickness. It was shown that a relatively simple calibration method could be used to
determine the filter thickness. With this addition both PDDs and cross profiles were
calculated for large fields up to 40x40 cm2 and compared to experimental ones.
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