The Mesopotamian inscriptions and collections in ancient Mesopotamia consist of different meanings extended over long time-periods and with social, political, economic and ethnic differences. Scholars in determining whether the texts are an authentic source for Mesopotamian law traditions developed different theories and each of these theories has different variations. In a literature study to obtain if the inscriptions and collections are an authentic source, the different theories and methodologies of the inscriptions and collections were mentioned and the inscriptions and collections were tested in accordance with the characteristics of the Mesopotamian law traditions. Until new interpretation of documents of daily activities and legal activities, which can prove, that these texts are an authentic source, the interpretation of the collections and inscriptions on the legal issues of ancient Mesopotamians must be applied with caution and studied together with the greater corpus of cuneiform texts. / Old Testament and Ancient Near East Studies / M.A. (Ancient Near East Studies)

Syfte Studien syftar till att undersöka hur IKEA praktiskt använder sinnesstimuli för att påverka konsumenternas köpbeteenden och redogöra vilka utmaningar företag kan stå inför vid applicering av sinnesmarknadsföring. Metod Uppsatsen har en kvalitativ forskningsstrategi och ett induktivt angreppssätt. Undersökningen utfördes med hjälp av två intervjuer med författare inom ämnet och två observationer på IKEA under olika tillfällen. Urvalet valdes utifrån ett strategiskt urval. Slutsatser Efter genomförd studie kan vi konstatera att det föreligger ett omedvetet arbete med sinnesmarknadsföring. IKEA anammar samtliga sinnen i sin servicemiljö, vissa i mindre omfattning än andra, där synsinnet är mest dominerande. Utmaningarna som företag står inför vid applicering av sinnesuttryck är framförallt brist på kunskap. / Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine how IKEA practically uses emotional stimulus to influence consumers purchasing behavior and to explain the challenges that companies face when applying sensory marketing. Method This is a qualitative study with an inductive approach. The survey was conducted through two interviews with authors highly involved in the matter and by observations in IKEA during two separate occasions. They are based on a strategic selection. Conclusions After completed study we found that there is an unconscious work with sensory marketing. IKEA embraces all the senses in its servicescape, some less than others, where sight is the most dominant. The challenges companies encounter with application of sensory expression is mainly due to lack of knowledge.

[ES] Actualmente, existe una gran variedad de tecnologías de distribución de contenidos multimedia, de dispositivos de consumo, así como de tipos de contenidos. En cuanto a tecnologías de distribución, dichos contenidos se pueden enviar bien a través de redes broadcast, como las redes DVB, o bien a través de redes broadband, como las redes IP (por ejemplo, a través de Internet). La coordinación y convergencia entre los dos tipos de tecnologías para distribuir contenidos relacionados ofrece un gran potencial a los proveedores de contenidos, así como grandes beneficios a los consumidores (una prueba de ello es el estándar Hybrid Broadcast Broadband TV o HbbTV). Sin embargo, la recepción de contenidos relacionados procedentes de diferentes redes híbridas (broadcast/broadband) conlleva una variabilidad de retardos significativa, por lo que se deben superar una serie de retos importantes, como, por ejemplo, la necesidad de mecanismos que garanticen un consumo sincronizado de dichos contenidos, bien en un mismo dispositivo o bien en distintos dispositivos (locales o remotos). Se han especificado, implementado y evaluado soluciones de sincronización de los procesos de reproducción de contenidos híbridos (prevenientes de redes broadcast y/o broadband) tanto en entornos multidispositivo, entre dispositivos locales (Inter-Device Synchronization o IDES), como en entornos multiusuario, entre destinatarios distribuidos en red (Inter-Destination Media Synchronization o IDMS), incluyendo la sincronización de efectos multisensoriales. Se ha diseñado e implementado una plataforma extremo-a-extremo para la generación, distribución (adaptativa) y consumo de contenidos híbridos relacionados, tanto en un mismo dispositivo como en múltiples dispositivos locales (por ejemplo, escenario multipantalla) o remotos (por ejemplo, TV Social). Se han generado y preparado contenidos multimedia tradicionales (2D) y omnidireccionales (360), enriquecidos con efectos multisensoriales que mejoran el grado de realismo y la inmersividad de los usuarios. La plataforma es compatible con el estándar HbbTV y, además, incluye soluciones eficientes para aspectos clave que no están especificados en dicho estándar, pero que son necesarios para la implementación satisfactoria de servicios de TV híbridos y multidispositivo en la misma, como, por ejemplo: la necesidad de un buffer para el contenido broadcast (existente y opcional hasta la especificación HbbTV 2.0.2); mecanismos de señalización, asociación y descripción de contenido disponible y relacionado con el contenido principal; mecanismos de coordinación e interacción entre los dispositivos de consumo; o soluciones de sincronización para alinear en el tiempo el consumo de contenidos de forma satisfactoria. Los resultados obtenidos en la evaluación realizada muestran que el nivel de sincronización adquirido entre los procesos de reproducción de los diversos tipos de contenido disponibles a través de distintas tecnologías de transmisión alcanza unos valores suficientes para proporcionar al usuario un consumo con un nivel de asincronías imperceptible. Dicha precisión alcanzada ha resultado en una QoE para el consumidor muy satisfactoria, ofreciéndole al mismo un completo ecosistema de consumo de contenidos que incluye tanto contenido multimedia tradicional, como contenido omnidireccional y mulsemedia. / [CA] Actualment, hi ha una gran varietat de tecnologies de distribució de contingut multimèdia, dispositius de consum, així com tipus de contingut. Pel que fa a les tecnologies de distribució, aquest contingut es pot lliurar a través de xarxes de difusió, com ara xarxes DVB, o a través de xarxes de banda ampla, com les xarxes IP (per exemple, a través d'Internet). La coordinació i convergència entre els dos tipus de tecnologies per distribuir continguts relacionats ofereix un gran potencial als proveïdors de continguts, així com grans beneficis per als consumidors (una prova d'això és l'estàndard Hybrid Broadcast Broadband TV o HbbTV). Tanmateix, la recepció de continguts relacionats des de diferents xarxes híbrides (emissió/banda ampla) comporta una important variabilitat de retard, per la qual cosa s'han de superar una sèrie de reptes importants, com la necessitat de mecanismes que garanteixin el consum sincronitzat d'aquests continguts, ja siga en el mateix dispositiu. o en diferents dispositius (locals o remots). S'han especificat, implementat i evaluat solucions de sincronització per a processos de reproducció de continguts híbrids (xarxes de broadcast i/o de banda ampla) tant en entorns multidispositiu, entre dispositius locals (Inter-Device Synchronization o IDES), com en entorns IDMS (Inter-Destination Media Synchronization o IDMS), incloent la sincronització d'efectes multisensorials. S'ha dissenyat i implementat una plataforma d'extrem a extrem per a la generació, distribució (adaptativa) i consum de contingut híbrid relacionat, tant en un sol dispositiu com en múltiples locals (p. ex., escenari multipantalla) o remots (p. ex., Social TV). dispositius. S'han generat i preparat contingut multimèdia tradicional (2D) i omnidireccional (360), enriquit amb efectes multisensorials que milloren el grau de realisme i immersivitat dels usuaris. La plataforma és compatible amb l'estàndard HbbTV i, a més, inclou solucions eficients per a aspectes clau que no s'especifiquen en aquest estàndard, però que són necessaris per a la implantació amb èxit de serveis de televisió híbrids i multidispositiu en el mateix, com ara: la necessitat per a un buffer per a continguts de difusió (existent i opcional fins a HbbTV 2. 0.2); mecanismes de senyalització, associació i descripció dels continguts disponibles i relacionats amb el contingut principal; mecanismes de coordinació i interacció entre dispositius de consum; o solucions de sincronització per alinear en el temps el consum de continguts de manera satisfactòria. Els resultats obtinguts en l'avaluació realitzada mostren que el nivell de sincronització adquirit entre els processos de reproducció dels diferents tipus de continguts disponibles a través de diferents tecnologies de transmissió assoleix valors suficients per proporcionar a l'usuari un consum amb un nivell d'asincronies imperceptibles. La precisió aconseguida ha donat com a resultat una QoE molt satisfactòria per al consumidor, oferint-li un ecosistema complet de consum de continguts que inclou tant contingut multimèdia tradicional com contingut omnidireccional i mulsemedia. / [EN] Currently, there is a wide variety of multimedia content distribution technologies, consumer devices, as well as types of content. In terms of distribution technologies, such content can be delivered either over broadcast networks, such as DVB networks, or over broadband networks, such as IP networks (e.g. over the Internet). The coordination and convergence between the two types of technologies to distribute related content offers great potential to content providers, as well as great benefits to consumers (a proof of this is the Hybrid Broadcast Broadband TV or HbbTV standard). However, the reception of related content from different hybrid networks (broadcast/broadband) entails significant delay variability, so a number of important challenges must be overcome, such as the need for mechanisms to ensure synchronized consumption of such content, either on the same device or on different devices (local or remote). We have specified, implemented and evaluated synchronization solutions for hybrid content playback processes (broadcast and/or broadband networks) both in multi-device environments, between local devices (Inter-Device Synchronization or IDES), and in multi-user environments, between distributed network recipients (Inter-Destination Media Synchronization or IDMS), including the synchronization of multi-sensory effects. An end-to-end platform has been designed and implemented for the generation, distribution (adaptive) and consumption of related hybrid content, both on a single device and on multiple local (e.g., multiscreen scenario) or remote (e.g., Social TV) devices. Traditional (2D) and omnidirectional (360) multimedia content has been generated and prepared, enriched with multisensory effects that enhance the degree of realism and immersiveness for users. The platform is compatible with the HbbTV standard and, in addition, includes efficient solutions for key aspects that are not specified in that standard, but are necessary for the successful implementation of hybrid and multi-device TV services on it, such as: the need for a buffer for broadcast content (existing and optional up to the HbbTV 2. 0.2); mechanisms for signaling, association and description of content available and related to the main content; coordination and interaction mechanisms between consumption devices; or synchronization solutions to align in time the consumption of content in a satisfactory way. The results obtained in the evaluation carried out show that the level of synchronization acquired between the reproduction processes of the different types of content available through different transmission technologies reaches sufficient values to provide the user with a consumption with an imperceptible level of asynchronies. The accuracy achieved has resulted in a very satisfactory QoE for the consumer, offering him a complete content consumption ecosystem that includes traditional multimedia content as well as omnidirectional and mulsemedia content. / Marfil Reguero, D. (2022). Especificación, implementación y evaluación de soluciones de sincronización multimedia híbrida (broadcast/broadband) e inter-destinatario para posibilitar nuevas experiencias televisivas enriquecidas, personalizadas, inmersivas y compartidas [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/185746 / TESIS

Summaries in Afrikaans and English / Die doel van hierdie studie was om te bepaat of 'n hulpverleningsprogram die laerskoolleerder wat taalhindemisse ervaar kan help om sy probleme op 'n kreatiewe wyse te benader. 'n Algemene oorsig van leerhindemisse wat laerskoolleerders ervaar, is gegee. lndien 'n leerder taalhindernisse ervaar, sal dit 'n direkte invloed op sy ander skoolvakke ook he omdat taal vir die leeraksie benodig word. Die kreatiwiteitsbegrip is ook van naderby beskou. Kreatiwiteit kan as die skep van iets wat oorspronklik, maar ook bruikbaar is, gedefinieer word. Dit sluit egter ook die Ie van ongewone verbande tussen twee of meer sake of voorwerpe in. Die program wat ontwikkel is, het as onderbou die teorie oor taalintelligensie van Howard Gardner, 'n opvoedkundige sielkundige aan Harvard Universiteit. Gardner meen dit is deur 'n kreatiewe ingesteldheid, multisensoriese tegnieke en gepaste leerstyle rnoontlik om taalintelligensie teverbeter. Hy is van mening dat taalintelligensie nie iets is wat op 'n bepaalde tydstip gemeet kan word en onveranderd bly nie. Soos met alle intellektuele vermoens, kan taalvaardighede ook uitgebrei en ontwikkel word. Beproefde remedierende tegnieke, wat reeds deur die navorser in die praktyk met welslae uitgetoets is, is op 'n vars, nuwe manier .in die hulpverleningsprogram gebruik. Die hulpverleningsprogram het op die verbetering van perseptuele, mondelinge stelwerk-,lees- en spellingvaardighede gefokus. Dit het gedurende die empiriese studie duidelik geword dat leerders wat op 'n bepaalde leergebied nie na wense presteer nie, dikwels 'n "sielkundige blokkasie" ten opsigte van daardie leerareas ontwikkel. Hulle assosieer Jaasgenoemde in die meeste gevalle met leeronvermoe en leermislukking. Die enigste manier om hierdie gevoel van leermagteloosheid aan te spreek, is om die problematiese leerareas met 'n minder ernstige akademiese aanslag, waarin die pret-element sterk aanwesig is, te benader. Wanneer die leeraksie as 'n aangename ondervindingervaar word, kan leerders hulle leervrese aanspreek en meer waagmoedig begin optree. / The purpose of this study was to investigate the success of an innovative support programme aimed at assisting primary school learners with language barriers to overcome these. An overview was given of learning barriers primary school learners may experience. A learner with a language barrier will find that the other learning areas are negatively influenced because language is essential for learning. The concept of creativity, defined as the creation of something original, yet useful, was adhered to. It included the idea that creativity allows for the connecting of unrelated issues or objects. The theories of Howard Gardner, an educational psychologist at Harvard University, concerning language intelligence, supported this study. According to Gardner it is possible to improve language intelligence through creative awareness, multi-sensory techniques and appropriate learning styles. Gardner postulates that language, as in the case of other intellectual abilities, can be developed and expanded. Remedial techniques successfully used by the researcher in practice, have been presented in this support programme in a novel and innovative form. The creative support programme compiled for this thesis focused on the 1 improvement of perceptual, oral, reading and spelling skills. The need for a more informal support approach was evident in the empirical research of this study. Learners sometimes develop a "psychological block" when experiencing repeated difficulties in a specific learning area. Such learners associate these difficulties with failures and the inability to learn. In order to overcome the experience of learning dispair, the feelings of anxiety associated with the problem learning area, have to be replaced with a less rigid approach in which play encourages feelings of enjoyment and ease. When learning becomes a pleasant experience, learners start overcoming their fears and become risk takers. / Psychology of Education / D. Ed. (Sielkundige Opvoedkunde)

Through creative and theoretical research, this practice-led PhD project investigates the conditions that facilitate embodied sensory awareness within digital inter-media installation. Central to this exploration are questions concerning ‘immersion.’ The research uses this term to describe a transformation in perception that allows us to shake off representational and symbolic meaning in favour of embodied, sensory and intuitive awareness within an installation space. Drawing from embodied memories of immersion in natural and spiritual environments, I consider the elements that contributed to these experiences and ask whether it is possible to create this sense of immersion in art. I then consider the elements that produce immersive, inter-media environments including space, sound, light, and projected moving images. Drawing on theoretical and artistic precedents, I propose a set of principles for producing a sense of embodied sensory immersion. The practical outcomes of the research - three digital inter-media installations included in the exhibition, in an other light - incorporate different combinations and treatments of these material elements to investigate and test the proposed principles.

Summaries in Afrikaans and English / Die doel van hierdie studie was om te bepaat of 'n hulpverleningsprogram die laerskoolleerder wat taalhindemisse ervaar kan help om sy probleme op 'n kreatiewe wyse te benader. 'n Algemene oorsig van leerhindemisse wat laerskoolleerders ervaar, is gegee. lndien 'n leerder taalhindernisse ervaar, sal dit 'n direkte invloed op sy ander skoolvakke ook he omdat taal vir die leeraksie benodig word. Die kreatiwiteitsbegrip is ook van naderby beskou. Kreatiwiteit kan as die skep van iets wat oorspronklik, maar ook bruikbaar is, gedefinieer word. Dit sluit egter ook die Ie van ongewone verbande tussen twee of meer sake of voorwerpe in. Die program wat ontwikkel is, het as onderbou die teorie oor taalintelligensie van Howard Gardner, 'n opvoedkundige sielkundige aan Harvard Universiteit. Gardner meen dit is deur 'n kreatiewe ingesteldheid, multisensoriese tegnieke en gepaste leerstyle rnoontlik om taalintelligensie teverbeter. Hy is van mening dat taalintelligensie nie iets is wat op 'n bepaalde tydstip gemeet kan word en onveranderd bly nie. Soos met alle intellektuele vermoens, kan taalvaardighede ook uitgebrei en ontwikkel word. Beproefde remedierende tegnieke, wat reeds deur die navorser in die praktyk met welslae uitgetoets is, is op 'n vars, nuwe manier .in die hulpverleningsprogram gebruik. Die hulpverleningsprogram het op die verbetering van perseptuele, mondelinge stelwerk-,lees- en spellingvaardighede gefokus. Dit het gedurende die empiriese studie duidelik geword dat leerders wat op 'n bepaalde leergebied nie na wense presteer nie, dikwels 'n "sielkundige blokkasie" ten opsigte van daardie leerareas ontwikkel. Hulle assosieer Jaasgenoemde in die meeste gevalle met leeronvermoe en leermislukking. Die enigste manier om hierdie gevoel van leermagteloosheid aan te spreek, is om die problematiese leerareas met 'n minder ernstige akademiese aanslag, waarin die pret-element sterk aanwesig is, te benader. Wanneer die leeraksie as 'n aangename ondervindingervaar word, kan leerders hulle leervrese aanspreek en meer waagmoedig begin optree. / The purpose of this study was to investigate the success of an innovative support programme aimed at assisting primary school learners with language barriers to overcome these. An overview was given of learning barriers primary school learners may experience. A learner with a language barrier will find that the other learning areas are negatively influenced because language is essential for learning. The concept of creativity, defined as the creation of something original, yet useful, was adhered to. It included the idea that creativity allows for the connecting of unrelated issues or objects. The theories of Howard Gardner, an educational psychologist at Harvard University, concerning language intelligence, supported this study. According to Gardner it is possible to improve language intelligence through creative awareness, multi-sensory techniques and appropriate learning styles. Gardner postulates that language, as in the case of other intellectual abilities, can be developed and expanded. Remedial techniques successfully used by the researcher in practice, have been presented in this support programme in a novel and innovative form. The creative support programme compiled for this thesis focused on the 1 improvement of perceptual, oral, reading and spelling skills. The need for a more informal support approach was evident in the empirical research of this study. Learners sometimes develop a "psychological block" when experiencing repeated difficulties in a specific learning area. Such learners associate these difficulties with failures and the inability to learn. In order to overcome the experience of learning dispair, the feelings of anxiety associated with the problem learning area, have to be replaced with a less rigid approach in which play encourages feelings of enjoyment and ease. When learning becomes a pleasant experience, learners start overcoming their fears and become risk takers. / Psychology of Education / D. Ed. (Sielkundige Opvoedkunde)

Our understanding of the physical world has evolved drastically over the last century and the microstructure described by subatomic physics has been found to be far stranger than we could previously have envisaged. However, our corresponding model of experience and its structure has remained largely untouched. The orthodox view conceives of our experience as made up of a number of different simpler experiences that are largely independent of one another. This traditional atomistic picture is deeply entrenched. But I argue that it is wrong. Our experience is extraordinarily rich and complex. In just a few seconds we may see, hear and smell a variety of things, feel the position and movement of our body, experience a blend of emotions, and undergo a series of conscious thoughts. This very familiar fact generates three puzzling questions. The first question concerns the way in which all these different things are experienced together. What we see, for example, is experienced alongside what we hear. Our visual experience does not occur in isolation from our auditory experience, sealed off and separate. It is fused together in some sense. It is co-conscious. We may then ask the Unity Question: What does the unity of consciousness consist in? The second question is the Counting Question: How many experiences does a unified region of consciousness involve? Should we think of our experience at a time as consisting in just one very rich experience, in a handful of sense-specific experiences, or in many very simple experiences? How should we go about counting experiences? Is there any principled way to do so?The third and final question, the Dependency Question, concerns the degree of autonomy of the various different aspects of our unified experience. For example, would one's visual experience be the same if one's emotional experience differed? Is the apparent colour of a sunset affected by the emotional state that we are in at the time? I offer a new answer to the Unity Question and argue that it has striking implications for the way that we address the Counting Question and the Dependency Question. In particular, it supports the view that our experience at a time consists in just one very rich experience in which all of the different aspects are heavily interdependent.

Dans le cadre de la robotique mobile extérieure, les notions de perception et de localisation sont essentielles au fonctionnement autonome d’un véhicule. Les objectifs de ce travail de thèse sont multiples et mènent vers un but de localisation et de cartographie simultanée d’un environnement extérieur dynamique avec détection et suivi d’objet mobiles (SLAMMOT) à l’aide d’un unique capteur extéroceptif tournant de type radar dans des conditions de circulation dites "réalistes", c’est-à-dire à haute vitesse soit environ 30 km/h. Il est à noter qu’à de telles vitesses, les données acquises par un capteur tournant son corrompues par le déplacement propre du véhicule. Cette distorsion, habituellement considérée comme une perturbation, est analysée ici comme une source d’information. Cette étude vise également à évaluer les potentialités d’un capteur radar de type FMCW (onde continue modulée en fréquence) pour le fonctionnement d’un véhicule robotique autonome. Nous avons ainsi proposé différentes contributions : – une correction de la distorsion à la volée par capteurs proprioceptifs qui a conduit à une application de localisation et de cartographie simultanées (SLAM), – une méthode d’évaluation de résultats de SLAM basées segment, – une considération de la distorsion des données dans un but proprioceptif menant à une application SLAM, – un principe d’odométrie fondée sur les données Doppler propres au capteur radar, – une méthode de détection et de pistage d’objets mobiles : DATMO avec un unique radar. / In outdoor robotic context, notion of perception and localization is essential for an autonomous navigation of a mobile robot. The objectives of this PhD are multiple and tend to develop a simultaneous localization and mapping approach in a dynamic outdoor environment with detection and tracking of moving objects (SLAMMOT) with a unique exteroceptive radar sensor in real driving conditions, around 30 km/h. At such high speed, data obtained with a rotating range sensor are corrupted by the own vehicle displacement. This distortion, usually considered as a disturbance, is analyzed here as a source of information. This study explores radar frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) technology potential for mobile robotics in extended outdoor environment. In this work, we propose : – a distortion correction on-the-fly with proprioceptive sensors in order to realize a localization and mapping application (SLAM), – a line based SLAM evaluation method, – a consideration of distortion in a proprioceptive purpose for localization and mapping, – an odometry principle based on Doppler velocimetry provided by radar sensor, – a detection and tracking of mobile objects : DATMO, with a unique radar sensor.

No description available.