The 2008-2010 foreclosure crisis and the Beltline project present two significant forces shaping neighborhoods throughout Atlanta. Both the high foreclosure rates and the promise of public and private investment create conditions for the displacement of existing residents and for the gentrification of the southwest Atlanta neighborhood of Pittsburgh in particular. Through qualitative analysis, including interviews with residents, community leaders, and government officials, the development of overlay analysis maps of Pittsburgh, as well as studying the various stakeholders' perception of risk for gentrification in Pittsburgh, this research examines how and why these stakeholders' perception of the risk of gentrification in Pittsburgh varies, and what these various perceptions mean. Furthermore, it suggests that scholars of the gentrification process should more fully consider the ways in which residents of impacted neighborhoods understand both local and more “global” dynamics of property markets and how various policies seek to mitigate the deleterious effects of gentrification.

The 2008-2010 foreclosure crisis and the Beltline project present two significant forces shaping neighborhoods throughout Atlanta. Both the high foreclosure rates and the promise of public and private investment create conditions for the displacement of existing residents and for the gentrification of the southwest Atlanta neighborhood of Pittsburgh in particular. Through qualitative analysis, including interviews with residents, community leaders, and government officials, the development of overlay analysis maps of Pittsburgh, as well as studying the various stakeholders' perception of risk for gentrification in Pittsburgh, this research examines how and why these stakeholders' perception of the risk of gentrification in Pittsburgh varies, and what these various perceptions mean. Furthermore, it suggests that scholars of the gentrification process should more fully consider the ways in which residents of impacted neighborhoods understand both local and more “global” dynamics of property markets and how various policies seek to mitigate the deleterious effects of gentrification.

Darbo tikslas: Įvertinti šliužo dislokacijos (ŠD) prognostinės diagnostikos galimybę, karvių fiziologinę būklę po šliužo repozicijos pagal būdingą ŠD sergamumo specifiką, pieno kiekio, elektrinio pieno laidumo, aktyvumo, kūno masės, melžimo trukmės nuokrypius. Uždaviniai: 1. Atlikti sergamumo ŠD tyrimą; 2. Įvertinti, kaip kinta pieno kiekis, elektrinis pieno laidumas, gyvulio aktyvumas, kūno masė, melžimo trukmė prieš susergant ŠD; 3. Įvertinti ŠD diagnostikos galimybę pagal kraujo serumo biocheminius rodiklius, pieno sudėtį, fiziologinių rodiklių nuokrypius, ŠD klinikinės diagnozės nustatymo dieną; 4. Įvertinti, kaip kinta pieno kiekis, elektrinis pieno laidumas, gyvulio aktyvumas, kūno masė, melžimo trukmė po ŠD repozicijos; 5. Įvertinti teoriškai pieno kiekio kitimo prognozę, atlikus ankstyvąją diagnostiką ir profilaktiką. Įvertinta karvių ŠD prognostinės diagnostikos galimybė, fiziologinė būklė po šliužo repozicijos pagal būdingą ŠD sergamumo specifiką, pieno kiekio, elektrinio pieno laidumo, aktyvumo, kūno masės, melžimo trukmės nuokrypius. Pagrįsta praktinė tiriamų parametrų panaudojimo galimybė. / The objective of this work: To evaluate the possibility of the prognostic diagnostics of the displaced abomasums, the physiological status of the cow after the reposition of abomasums according as the particularity of the displaced abomasums’ morbidity, deviation of milk yield, milk conductivity, walking activity, body weight and milking duration. The problems of this work: 1. To do the research about the morbidity of the displaced abomasums; 2. To estimate the dynamics of the milk yield, milk conductivity, cow’s walking activity, body weight, milking duration before the abomasums was displaced; 3. To estimate the possible diagnostics according as the biochemical results of the blood serum, milk composition, deviations of the physiological indicators at the day of clinical diagnosis of the displaced abomasums; 4. To evaluate the dynamics of the milk yield, milk conductivity, cow’s walking activity, body weight, milking duration after the abomasums was displaced; 5. To evaluate in theory the prognosis of the milk yield changes after the early diagnostics and prophylactics. The possibility of prognostic diagnostics of the displaced abomasums, physiological status of the cow after the reposition of abomasums according as the particularity of the displaced abomasums’ morbidity, deviation of milk yield, milk conductivity, walking activity, body weight and milking duration were evaluated. The possibility of practical appliance of the examined parameters was justified.

Baigiamajame magistro darbe apžvelgti metodai spraustinių polių laikomajai galiai nustatyti. Nagrinėtos dvi metodų grupės – analitiniai ir empiriniai, pagrįsti statinio zondavimo duomenimis. Pagrindinis darbo tikslas yra išanalizuoti ir palyginti nagrinėjamus metodus. Taip pat jie gretinami su eksperimento rezultatais, kas leidžia įvertinti ne tik skirtumus tarp jų, tačiau ir tinkamumą Lietuvos geologinėmis sąlygoms. Eksperimentinę – tiriamąją dalį sudaro geologinio kūno, kuriame įrengti bandomieji poliai, fizikinių – mechaninių savybių apibūdinimas ir polių bandymų įrangos, eigos ir rezultatų aprašymas. Nustatyti pagrindiniai metodų skirtumai, palygintos apskaičiuotos vertės su eksperimento duomenimis. Pateikiamos išvados ir siūlymai tolesniems tyrimams. Darbą sudaro tokios dalys: įvadas, polio apkrovos perdavimas pagrindui, analitinių polio laikomosios galios skaičiavimo metodų apžvalga, empirinių polio laikomosios galios skaičiavimo metodų apžvalga, metodų apibendrinimas, polių bandymas gniuždančia statine apkrova, apskaičiuotų ir eksperimentinių laikomųjų galių gretinimas, išvados ir pasiūlymai, literatūros sąrašas. Darbo apimtis – 64 p. teksto be priedų, 28 iliustr., 10 lent., 39 bibliografiniai šaltiniai. Pridedami darbo priedai. / In master thesis reviewed methods to determine bearing capacity of displacement piles. Two groups of methods analysed – analytical and empirical (based on cone penetration test data). The main aim of the thesis is to overlook and compare with highliting differences of the methods. Also the calculated data is compared with test results. This allows to evaluate the suitability of the methods for Lithuanian geological conditions. Experimental part consists of characteristation of physical – mechanical properties of the geological body where test piles was installed. Also description of test equipment, procedure and results made. Main differences of the methods obtained and test data with calculated values compared. Conclusions and proposals for further investigation represented. Structure: introduction, transmission of pile load to soil, review of analytical methods for determination of pile bearing capacity, review of empirical methods for determination of pile bearing capacity, pile tests on static axial load, comparison of calculated and measured from pile tests results values, conclusions and suggestions, references. Thesis consist of: 64 p. text without appendixes, 28 pictures, 10 tables, 39 bibliographical entries. Appendixes included.

This paper studies the policy changes that have led to the design and early implementation of the land restitution program in Colombia. I use the land reform literature to frame land reform efforts in Colombia within the larger ideological discussion on land reform. The study maps out the roles of the main actors that influenced the actions of government regarding land reform and their role in shaping the present policies affecting land restitution. The paper argues that although the land restitution program provides an opportunity to initiate a peace building process and should be seriously considered as a measure to compensate the victims of the armed conflict, the present rural development model is an impediment to its success. Although, the more progressive coalition was able to achieve the approval of the land restitution program, the success of the program relies entirely on the wider rural development model being currently embraced in the country. The present rural development model puts an emphasis on the exploitation of extractive resources and other mega projects responding to global market demands; while illicit crops continue to provide an easy and profitable livelihood opportunity for many in the countryside. Such development does not support the livelihoods of returnees and thus does not compliment the land restitution program. The success of the land restitution program thus remains in doubt. The reason is that powerful actors support a neoliberal development model that continues to dominate the political agenda.

The thesis considers three-dimensional analyses of fractures and wellbores in low-permeability petroleum/geothermal reservoirs, with a special emphasis on the role of coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical processes. Thermoporoelastic displacement discontinuity and stress discontinuity methods are elaborated for infinite media. Furthermore, injection/production-induced mass and heat transport inside fractures are studied by coupling the displacement discontinuity method with the finite element method. The resulting method is then used to simulate problems of interest in wellbores and fractures for related to drilling and stimulation. In the examination of fracture deformation, the nonlinear behavior of discontinuities and the change in status from joint (hydraulically open, mechanically closed) to hydraulic fracture (hydraulically open, mechanically open) are taken into account. Examples are presented to highlight the versatility of the method and the role of thermal and hydraulic effects, three-dimensionality, hydraulic/natural fracture deformation, and induced micro earthquakes. Specifically, injection/extraction operations in enhanced geothermal reservoirs and hydraulic/thermal stimulation of fractured reservoirs are studied and analyzed with reference to induced seismicity. In addition, the fictitious stress method is used to study three-dimensional wellbore stresses in the presence of a weakness plane. It is shown that the coupling of hydro-thermo-mechanical processes plays a very important role in low-permeability reservoirs and should be considered when predicting the behavior of fractures and wellbores.

The backdrop for this research paper is the tunnelling that is currently nearing completion in the Epirus region of Northern Greece, as part of the Egnatia Odos Highway construction. Highly deformed and altered sediments and low grade rock masses dominate the near surface environment creating a variety of technical challenges for tunnelling. Accurate equivalent rock mass performance reductions for tunnels in these materials is complicated by geomorphologic peculiarities such as those found in Flysch materials. The mechanisms of rock-support interaction related to face or near-face reinforcement systems are poorly understood at this time. As well, the mechanics of weak rock materials in the complex deformation regime in advance of a tunnel face are not robustly integrated into current 2D design models. Design decisions are currently possible using empirical techniques and simplified models, but a true optimized and mechanicsbased design process for the various support technologies are not fully developed. This research addresses elements of such issues, such as: use of the Longitudinal Displacement Profile (LDP) of the Convergence-Confinement method of tunnel design, relating 2D numerical models to their distance from the face using the size of the plastic zone as an indicator, near face tunnel support analysis in weak rock masses, boundary condition assessment for numerical modelling of such weak rock masses, the influence of plasticity zones surrounding tunnel excavations, and modelling optimization techniques for weak rock tunnelling in order to optimize the design of such underground structures and better predict near-face deformation and yield development. This work involved the use of 2D and 3D numerical models of tunnel sequencing for numerical simulation of composite material behaviour and sequential tunnel deformation response. / Thesis (Ph.D, Geological Sciences & Geological Engineering) -- Queen's University, 2009-09-01 08:46:30.537

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