Thesis (M. Soc. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1993. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 144-150).

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1966. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 89-95).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Harvard University, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 257-282).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1974. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 208-217).

Thesis (M.Soc.Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1993. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 144-150) Also available in print.

Um elemento que tem caracterizado países democráticos é a desconfiança institucional. Bancos de dados de pesquisas realizadas em todo o mundo mostram que os cidadãos não têm depositado confiança nas instituições políticas e nos políticos. Para justificar tal comportamento, usualmente são consideradas várias causas como a corrupção, a apatia da própria população e a falha dos governos em propiciar políticas públicas que vão ao encontro das necessidades dos cidadãos. Entretanto, o descrédito na política e nas suas instituições tem base não apenas nessas questões mas também na tributação. Como o impacto do pagamento de impostos no comportamento da população é pouco estudado na América Latina, esta dissertação propôs uma análise sobre a percepção do pagamento tributário e a sua influência na confiança institucional dos porto-alegrenses, com vista a verificar a manutenção do seu Contrato Social. Para averiguar tal questão, foram utilizados dados de pesquisa tipo survey realizada em Porto Alegre/RS, no ano de 2003. A partir desta pesquisa, foi construído um índice de percepção dos impostos para confrontá-lo com dados sobre confiança da população estudada. Os principais resultados alcançados mostraram que os cidadãos porto-alegrenses percebem elementos de manutenção do Contrato Social e têm a sua confiança institucional influenciada pela sua percepção do pagamento tributário / An element that has characterized democratic countries is institutional distrust. Survey research data conducted globally show that the citizens are growingly distrustful of political institutions and politicians. Such behavior is justified based upon corruption, citizen’s apathy and government’s failure in providing public policies design to meet the needs of the citizens. However, the discredit in politics and political institutions are not only explained by those factors but also on how taxes influence the daily life of citizens. As the impact of taxes in the population’s behavior has rarely been studied in Latin America, this dissertation analyzes porto alegrenses’ perceptions about tax payment’s and its influence in their political trust. We basically examine how the relationship between these two dimensions contribute, or not, to the maintenance of the Social Contract. In order to answer this question a survey research was conducted in Porto Alegre/RS, in 2003. An index of perception of tax payment was constructed and then crossed with institutional trust. The results indicate porto-alegrenses demonstrate and support the Social Contract. However, this trust is negatively influenced by the perception of excessive tax payments.

This graduation theses is focused on attitudes of people to tissues and organs transplantations. It is composed of two parts, the first one is theoretical, the other practical. The theoretical part is engaged in the topic of transplantation. It shortly and concisely describes the transplantation from the medical standpoint, then further the general history of transplantations. It mainly focuses on the transplantations from the standpoint of our actual legislation, especially of the Transplantation Act. It also concisely introduces the transplantation legislative in selected countries as well as the transplantations from the standpoint of ethics. In the practical part I used the method of the quantitative research, performed with the help of questionnaires. The data were collected through an anonymous questionnaire. The aim of my work was to show the public awareness of the transplantations and attitudes of people towards the given topic. My research encompasses a description of methodology, an examined sample, outcomes and a discussion about the outcomes. The questionnaire was determined to the Czech citizens of various ages and types of education. Only the lower limit was cut down to the age of eighteen years. Respondents were partly enlisted by the direct questioning, according to their will to cooperate and some of them were enlisted for a consideration of their individual interest through the server vyplnto.cz. The final research sample was made by 526 respondents. There was a preliminary research made with 10 respondents before the actual research to find out if the questions were intelligible. There were two hypotheses set in terms of the research. The first hypotheses claims that the citizens agree to donation of their tissues and organs for their relatives. If I took into account only one particular question investigating the possible agreement to donating tissues or organs for a relative to save her/his life, I couldn´t reject this hypotheses, because the majority of respondents claimed they would donate a tissue or an organ, but this hypotheses was statistically tested through the test of good consensus. This test considers more questions related to a hypotheses. After this test I came to a conclusion that this hypotheses could be rejected, so it is not true that people agree to their donation of tissues and organs to their close persons. The other hypotheses claims that people do not know the principle of presumption of agreement or supposed agreement related to the post-mortem organs and tissues removals. The results of this work show the incomplete knowledge of the Czech citizens related to the topic of transplantations. It is mainly illustrated by the fact that more than one half of respondents never heard about our Transplantation Act and almost 80 % of people think that the public is not well informed. Almost one half of respondents never heard about the principle of supposed agreement, nevertheless the most of them agree to the fact that their organs and tissues should be used for transplantations in case of their sudden death. The results of my graduation hypotheses show the need of better education related to the transplantations. The education should come in various ways. As the most effective I consider the education through the media, furthermore the education in form of leaflets, information brochures and advertisement spots. There should be paper brochures available in medical institutions and seminars and trainings organized for general public. If the age should be taken into account, it would be the best to start the education in the secondary schools.

The thesis discusses the satisfaction of senior citizens with social services in Prachatice. My thesis was aimed to identify awareness of senior citizens for social services available in the town of Prachatice. The other aim of my thesis was to identify how seniors are satisfied with the offer and provision of social services in Prachatice. Three research questions were used to achieve the goal. Semi-structured interviews with fourteen senior citizens who utilize social services in Prachatice were used to identify how seniors are informed about social services. Further I wanted to identify how elderly people are content with the offer and availability of social services, and how they are satisfied with the provision of social services, and what could be proposed to improve the offered and delivered social services. The acquired data were analysed using an open data coding method. The collected information indicates that awareness of social services for senior citizens in Prachatice is sufficient. A few proposals were raised by respondents that could increase awareness of available social services. Seniors are partly satisfied with the offer and availability of social services while they are not content with the number of vacancies in the Senior Home. They consider the provision of social services in Prachatice to be sufficient. A high number of respondents would propose to increase vacancies in the Senior Home in order to enhance the social services offered in Prachatice. The respondents would also propose to extend the offer of social services by personal assistance, day care center for elderly, home hospice care and increased number of beds in the Nursing Home for Persons with Cognitive Impairment. The respondents pointed out the possibility of more effective co-operation between providers of social services in Prachatice. The results of my thesis can help increase and make awareness of social services more effective and improve the offer and provision of social services for senior citizens in Prachatice.

This study explores the challenge of low citizen engagement and participation in e-Government in terms of lack of knowledge, experience, trust in e-Services and government itself. The research addressed the issues of factors that influence citizens' acceptance and adoption of e-government services in Libya, how to overcome the barriers, and determine serious games can promote citizen usage. This study applied an integrated approach utilising the Technology Acceptance Model and Trustworthiness Model theoretical models in a focused framework of intention to use. This research applied mixed research methodology, with exploratory sequential case study (quantitative) and qualitative investigation of the Libyan e-Government project and barriers to its implementation by semi-structured interviews. Furthermore, a quantitative survey questionnaire was used to validate the proposed framework, and a post-test questionnaire was also used to evaluate the effectiveness of the serious game. A conceptual framework was developed for all factors that may affect users’ intention to use e-Services and determine the adoption needs: the two main factors are e-Government adoption issues (including citizen trust in government, e-Services and the internet) and knowledge and experience. Using serious games is of a great value in learning and expanding knowledge, practicing and training, building self-confidence, and increasing security and privacy mechanisms. It would build trust between users and agencies by experiencing e-Services’ reliability, dependability, efficiency and capability, thus promoting adoption and use.

Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2016-07-05T12:31:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivo total.pdf: 1612402 bytes, checksum: 7b5aa137583cdc9e127b0d2781ed81c2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-05T12:31:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivo total.pdf: 1612402 bytes, checksum: 7b5aa137583cdc9e127b0d2781ed81c2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-25 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The theory of Hans Kelsen's Law came from Kant who gave the law the power to coerce the freedom under the law in order to ensure the freedom of all. So Kelsen defined the law as State’s “pure” coercive order and defended the unity of Law and State. The purpose of the thesis is to rethink Kelsen’s legitimacy solution law and, by criticizing it, resume Kantian reflection aimed at protecting political freedom with a citizens' function: the response to the State by a 'critical freedom' able to take the proposition against standards by political individual to parliament. In defended proposal, the political freedom of the subject theory possesses sufficient powers to criticize the State within constitutional limits, but maintaining state sovereignty. In Kant liberal basis in policy implies the idea of political freedom as the founding of the state, this is the guardian of the law as a normative body. For Kant, the application of legal-rational principles within the legal procedures is of fundamental importance to ensure the republican function of the state, which is the fulfillment of the Constitution and the state unity by maintaining the original political contract. We understand that in Kant legitimizing the state is to support it in the innate freedom expressed in its legal and practical function as political freedom, being that effective form of protection involves interpreting the legal-rational principles by giving them a function "critical" in drafting a proposed citizenship contestation to the State. Thinking of political judgments delivered by the citizens as a directly normative possibility makes them keep the State in Law limits as an expression of political freedom. / A teoria do Direito de Hans Kelsen partiu de Kant que atribuiu ao Direito a faculdade de coagir a liberdade segundo a lei no intuito de assegurar a liberdade de todos. Assim, Kelsen definiu o Direito como ordem coercitiva estatal “pura” e defendeu a unidade entre Direito e Estado. A proposta da tese é repensar a solução de legitimidade do Direito kelseniana e, ao criticá-la, retomar a reflexão kantiana no sentido de defender a liberdade política com uma função de cidadania: a contestação ao Estado mediante uma ‘liberdade crítica’ capaz de assumir a função de proposição de normas pelo indivíduo político perante o parlamento. Na proposta defendida, a liberdade política do sujeito teria de possuir poderes suficientes para criticar o Estado dentro dos limites constitucionais, mas mantendo a soberania estatal. Em Kant a fundamentação liberal na Política implica na ideia da liberdade política como fundante do Estado, este é o guardião do Direito como corpo normativo. Para Kant, a aplicação dos princípios jurídico-racionais dentro dos procedimentos legais é de fundamental importância para assegurar a função republicana do Estado, que é o cumprimento da Constituição e a unidade do Estado através da manutenção do contrato político original. Entendemos que em Kant legitimar o Estado é fundamentá-lo na liberdade inata expressa em sua função jurídico-prática como liberdade política, sendo que a forma eficaz dessa proteção implica interpretar os princípios jurídico-racionais dotando-os de uma função “crítica” na elaboração de uma proposta de cidadania contestatória ao Estado. Pensar em juízos políticos proferidos pelos cidadãos como possibilidade normativa direta ao Estado faz com que se mantenha o Estado nos limites do Direito enquanto expressão da liberdade política.