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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Genericitet i text / Genericity in text

Carlsson, Yvonne January 2012 (has links)
This dissertation examines genericity from a textual perspective. The material consists of popular science texts about species of animals. The investigation concerns both the distribution of different forms of generic noun phrases and the boundary between generic and non-generic noun phrases. The analytical tools are taken from Accessibility Theory and Blending Theory. Two separate studies have been undertaken. The results of the first study indicate that generic reference on the whole follows the same principles of accessibility as non-generic reference, although there are some differences that can be attributed to the distinction between generic and non-generic reference. Some results suggest that our mental representations of generic referents are generally less accessible than those of non-generic referents. Factors other than accessibility influencing the choice of generic noun phrases are also identified. While genericity is generally treated as an all-or-nothing phenomenon, an important experience of this first study concerns the difficulties facing anyone who tries to distinguish between generic and non-generic noun phrases in authentic texts. These difficulties are the centre of attention in the second study, which shows that genericity is an extremely context-dependent phenomenon. The sentence context may clearly indicate a particular, non-generic reference, while the wider context of the text reveals that the noun phrase in question is in fact generic. Not infrequently, chains of reference involve a great deal of shifting and slithering between a generic and a non-generic meaning, although the references are seemingly coreferential. It is sometimes difficult to decide on the real referents intended. At times there are also clear cases where the noun phrase must be analysed as referring to both generic and non-generic entities at the same time. This implies that it is unlikely that we actually decide for every reference if it is generic or non-generic.
12

Lithuanian translations of English noun phrases in popular journalism: analysis of texts from ''Business & Exhibitions'' / Angliškų daiktavardžių grupių vertimas į lietuvių kalbą populiariojoje spaudoje: žurnalo „Verslas ir parodos“ tekstų analizė

Gvildytė, Aurelija 23 December 2008 (has links)
This thesis examines the Lithuanian translations of English noun phrases in the popular journalism magazine ''Business & Exhibitions''. The corpus of data of noun phrases was collected from the articles found in seven issues of the magazine published in 2006 and 2007. The analysis is based on the definitions of translation strategies put forward by by Eirlys E. Davies. The aim of the study is to find the most common noun phrase types and translation strategies used for their rendering into Lithuanian in order to test the hypothesis that noun phrases can be used as a device to manipulate the audience that reads articles in magazines of popular journalism. Tables and figures presented in the thesis show the frequency of noun phrases and the employed translation strategies in percent. The interpretation of the statistics allows us to test the validity of the hypothesis. / Šis darbas nagrinėja angliškų daiktavardžių grupių vertimą į lietuvių kalbą populiariosios spaudos žurnale „Verslas ir parodos“. Daiktavardžių grupėms surinkti iš verslo žurnalo straipsnių buvo išanalizuoti septyni žurnalo numeriai, publikuoti 2006 - 2007 metais. Vertimo strategijų analizė pagrįsta Eirlys E. Davies pasiūlytų apibrėžimų pagrindu. Šios analizės tikslas – surasti labiausiai paplitusias tam tikros sintaksinės struktūros daiktavardžių grupes ir joms versti naudojamas vertimo strategijas, kad būtų patikrinta hipotezė, jog tam tikra daiktavardžių grupės struktūra gali būti naudojama kaip populiariosios spaudos skaitytojų manipuliacinė priemonė. Lentelės bei grafikai, vaizduojantys daiktavardžių grupių ir vertimo strategijų vartosenos dažnumą procentais, parodo tikrinamos hipotezės rezultatus.
13

Nominalphrasen in medizinischer Fachsprache : Übersetzung von Termini und erweiterten Attributen in einem deutschen wissenschaftlichen Artikel

Nilsson, Therese January 2009 (has links)
Medical information must be available for all people in the world. Therefore it is important to translate medical research articles into foreign languages. The aim of this essay was to translate a German medical research article called “Troponinerhöhung und EKG-Veränderungen bei Schlaganfall und Subarachnoidalblutung” into Swedish and to analyse how problems that appeared during the translation process could be solved. The analysis was based on Vinay and Darbelnets, Kollers and Ingos translation theories and dealt with the question how to translate German noun phrases into Swedish. Special attention was paid to noun phrases consisting of medical terms and noun phrases containing extended modifiers. The medical terms in the source text were divided into three categories depending on their origin, Greek and Latin terms, German terms and English terms. The translation of a large number of Greek and Latin terms was based on the translation procedure called borrowing. Calque was represented especially in the translation of terms of German origin, whereas borrowing or paraphrasing was preferred when translating English terms. There were 63 noun phrases with extended modifiers in the source text. Two fifths of these corresponded to Swedish noun phrases with extended modifiers, whereas the rest must be translated into Swedish noun phrases with adjective premodifiers or relative clauses or into verbal expressions.
14

[en] COMPOUNDS IN PORTUGUESE / [pt] OS NOMES COMPOSTOS EM PORTUGUÊS

TANIA VIEIRA GOMES 09 November 2005 (has links)
[pt] Este trabalho analisa os critérios de caracterização de nomes compostos em Português, com o objetivo de obter informações que permitam o estabelecimento dos padrões gerais do processo de composição de palavras, de tal modo que se possa distinguir este tipo de entidade lingüística de outras combinatórias lexicais, como as locuções nominais e outros sintagmas freqüentes e estáveis no repertório da língua. De início, faz-se um exame das abordagens da composição por autores identificados com a tradição gramatical. Em seguida, feita a identificação dos aspectos deste processo de criação lexical que permanecem inexplicados pela gramática, e sempre com o objetivo de se definir e caracterizar a palavra composta, procede-se ao estudo das abordagens dos lingüistas estruturalistas e suas tentativas de conceituar a palavra enquanto unidade lingüística. Finalmente, analisam-se as visões dos pesquisadores pósestruturalistas e os critérios e testes diferenciadores por eles propostos. As conclusões das análises efetuadas revelam que, ao lado de algumas poucas formações, que se comportam como palavras compostas quando analisadas sob os quatro critérios - fonológico, morfológico, sintático e semântico - há outras que se diferenciam dos grupos sintáticos comuns quando investigadas por alguns ou apenas um destes parâmetros, em geral o semântico. A investigação também revela que há muitas seqüências que, consideradas rigorosamente sob as leis da morfologia, não configuram unidades morfológicas, embora, do ponto de vista lexical, estejam cristalizadas no idioma e sejam percebidas como unidades lexicais pelos falantes. / [en] This work analyzes different criteria normally used to characterize compounds in Portuguese, as opposed to clauses and other types of linguistic units such as idioms or collocations. Its main goal is to organize information in such a way as to establish general patterns for lexical compounding. Initially, an analysis of different approaches to compounding in Traditional Grammar literature is made. Then, as the unexplained aspects of compounding in those approaches are identified, the goal of defining compounds in Portuguese is pursued in the analysis of structuralist and posterior approaches and their attempts to define the word as a linguistic unit. The results of the research reveal that, even though a few formations do behave as compounds under all relevant - phonological, morphological, syntactic and semantic - criteria, there are many others that differ from common syntactic sequences, only with respect to one of the mentioned parameters, more frequently the semantic one. We can also conclude from our analysis that many word sequences do not correspond to morphological units, in spite of the fact that they are lexicalized and thus perceived as lexical units by the speaker of Portuguese.
15

Topics on Yorùbá nominal expressions

Ajíbóyè, Ọládiípọ̀ Jacob 05 1900 (has links)
This thesis discusses four selected topics on Yoruba nominal expressions: the syntax of possessives, the construal of bare nouns, the marking of specificity and salience, and plural marking strategies. Regarding possessives, it is proposed that they have one base structure (a v P shell). The difference in surface linear order between verbal and nominal genitives is determined by which of the two arguments move. In nominal genitives, the possessum moves. In verbal genitives, it is the possessor that moves. Regarding the interpretation of Yoruba bare nouns, it is shown that they can be construed in one of three ways: as generics, as indefinites, or as definites. First, generics may be lexically conditioned (with permanent state predicates) or grammatically conditioned (with transitory predicates through the use of imperfective maa-n). Second, wherever a generic construal is illicit, an indefinite construal is licit. Third, definite construals are discourse-linked. Regarding specificity, it is shown that Yoruba overtly marks specificity on NPs with the element kan. Regarding salience, it is shown that definite DPs are morphologically marked as salient (by virtue of being unique, in an identity relation or additive) through the use of ndd. Finally, regarding plural marking, it is shown that Yoruba uses three different strategies: contextually, semantically, or morphologically determined plurality. It is proposed that the deployment of the PLURAL feature is determined by feature percolation or feature matching. / Arts, Faculty of / Linguistics, Department of / Graduate
16

That Poor Little Thing: The Emotive Meanings of Diminutives in Polish and Russian Translations of Alice in Wonderland

Lockyer, Dorothy 29 April 2013 (has links)
The emotive connotations of diminutives in English are a source of controversy among scholars, while the Slavic languages of Polish and Russian are considered ‘diminutive-rich’ with diminutives that convey diverse nuances. Thus, the translation of diminutives between English and Slavic languages has either been portrayed as difficult or has been ignored altogether. However, an analysis of Carroll’s Alice in Wonderland and several of its translations into Polish and Russian shows that English has many diminutives, some of which are ‘untranslatable’, while many diminutives can be easily translated. Yet, the strong emphasis on diminutives in Polish and Russian produces diminutives in the translations that do not appear in the original text and are not typical of English. What becomes evident is that the obstacles in translating various diminutive constructions provoke the question: What are the semantic-pragmatic differences between English and Polish/Russian diminutives and how do these differences affect translation? / Graduate / 0679 / 0593 / 0314 / dlockyer@alumni.ubc.ca
17

Grammar And Information: A Study Of Turkish Indefinites

Ozge, Umut 01 September 2010 (has links) (PDF)
Turkish, along with many other languages, marks its direct objects in two distinct ways: overt accusative marking (Acc) versus no marking (&empty / ). The research on the grammar and interpretation of Turkish inde
18

That Poor Little Thing: The Emotive Meanings of Diminutives in Polish and Russian Translations of Alice in Wonderland

Lockyer, Dorothy 29 April 2013 (has links)
The emotive connotations of diminutives in English are a source of controversy among scholars, while the Slavic languages of Polish and Russian are considered ‘diminutive-rich’ with diminutives that convey diverse nuances. Thus, the translation of diminutives between English and Slavic languages has either been portrayed as difficult or has been ignored altogether. However, an analysis of Carroll’s Alice in Wonderland and several of its translations into Polish and Russian shows that English has many diminutives, some of which are ‘untranslatable’, while many diminutives can be easily translated. Yet, the strong emphasis on diminutives in Polish and Russian produces diminutives in the translations that do not appear in the original text and are not typical of English. What becomes evident is that the obstacles in translating various diminutive constructions provoke the question: What are the semantic-pragmatic differences between English and Polish/Russian diminutives and how do these differences affect translation? / Graduate / 0679 / 0593 / 0314 / dlockyer@alumni.ubc.ca
19

Ambiguity in Peace Agreements : Cognitive and Computational Models for Processing Syntactic Ambiguity in Israeli-Palestinian Peace Agreements in English

Asghari, Parastoo January 2018 (has links)
Systems that attempt to process texts and acquire information from texts in English need to be particularly alert to noun phrases since they carry so much information. Systems, whether comprehensional or computational, may face particular difficulties when dealing with complex noun phrases. One of the decomposition patterns for noun phrases is left or right branching, which determines the semantic relations between the constituents of the combination.This degree project seeks to describe a processing model that the comprehension system employs to process difficulties. Since the minicorpus studied in this research consists of four of the peace agreements that were produced in English for Israeli and Palestinian sides of their conflicts to sign and implement, the comprehension models that were used by a non-native speaker of English are described, and then a computational model to enhance performing this task is suggested which includes using the frequencies of the combinations of the constituents in two major contemporary corpora, the Corpus of Contemporary American English and the British National Corpus, to help decide how to nest the noun phrases as either left or right branching structures, to resolve the ambiguity problem. Hyphening is also suggested as a potential strategy to avoid unwanted structural ambiguity in adjective + noun + noun combinations.
20

Kongruens inom nominalfraser : En performansanalys om andraspråkselevers användning av nominalfraser i skriftliga och muntliga former

Ali Ahmed, Faiza January 2017 (has links)
The purpose of this study is to see how second-language learners uses noun phrases in their written texts and oral speech as well as how they differ from each other. In order to answer this, the following questions have been formulated: What congruent errors are found in the noun phrases in the students' texts and oral speeches? Are there any differences in the use of noun phrases in the students' texts and oral speeches? The study is based on performance analysis, where student texts and transcribed recordings of students' oral speeches are analyzed. The result shows that congruence errors in the students' noun phrases are mostly due to the misuse of gender, definite form and numerus. The result also shows that the students had more congruence errors in the written texts, but there were similar, but fewer, mistakes in the oral speeches. This means that you cannot draw general conclusions about any differences between the written texts and the oral speeches.

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