Previous research shows that small workplaces more often discriminate immigrants during the process of hiring new employees than larger workplaces, and usually explains this result by referring to structural factors. At the same time, previous research also shows that self-employees tend to have different personality traits than other people. Could it be the case that the higher discrimination among small workplaces can be explained at an individual level? I examined the hypothesis through OLS-regressions using a survey called Employment, Material Resources, and Political Preferences. The results showed that people working at small workplaces tend to have more negative attitudes towards immigrants than people working at larger workplaces. In addition, by using a Big-Five model combined with background factors at an individual level, I found that people employed by small organizations tend to have other personality traits than those employed by larger organizations. But the Big-Five model cannot explain why small workplaces are more inclined to discriminate immigrants. In contrast, background factors such as education and gender have strong correlative effects on why people employed by small organizations have more negative attitudes towards immigrants. That is, small workplaces are more likely to employ men and people with relatively low education compared to larger workplaces, which is interesting in this context because men are on average found to be more negative towards immigrants than women, and lower educated people are more negative than those with higher education.

This work is about the socio-economic benefits of the microbrewerist for their towns. In the first part of the work, there are the definitions of several choosen factors. Then these factors are aplicated and compared in the choosen microbreweries and in tows as well. The research went on in microbreweries and in tows with or without brewery. For research were choosen 6 towns, in 3 there is a mircobrewery and in the others there is not. For this work several metods were used. At first it was a thorough literary review of this problematic. In this step socio-economic factors were defined. Then theoretical and statistical data has been searched. Second step was to prepare questionnaires and sent them to 3 towns with microbrewery and to 3 without. Towns were selected according certain parameters, for example: Population, region, distance to the distric town, etc. At the same time research in microbreweries was ongoing. In this case the research has a form of an interview. This metod has brought better data.

I Sverige har det sedan år 1983 varit obligatoriskt enligt lag att inneha revision. Grundorsaken till att den obligatoriska revisionsplikten trädde i kraft var på grund av en konstant ökning av ekonomisk brottslighet. År 2010 avskaffades revisionsplikten för små aktiebolag. Konsekvensen av avskaffandet av revisionsplikten bidrog till att majoriteten av de små aktiebolagen uteslöt revision från dess verksamhet. Sedan lagen om den frivilliga revisionsplikten har debatten kring återinförandet av den obligatoriska revisionen varit ett omdiskuterat ämne. Det förekommer en mängd olika faktorer som kan påvisa orsaken till försämrade siffror i bolagen. I denna studie undersöks skillnaden mellan bolag som innehar respektive uteslutit revision i relation till tillväxt av tre nyckeltal över tid. Bolagen som undersöks består enbart av mindre aktiebolag i Sverige inom bygg-, design- och inredningsverksamhet branschen. Följaktligen undersöks tre beroende variabler som omfattas av nyckeltalen: antalet anställda, nettoomsättning och balansomslutning. Undersökningen baseras på en granskning av årsredovisningar mellan åren 2011–2020. Studien utgår från en kvantitativ forskningsmetod med hypoteser som kärnpunkt. De statistiska analyserna är utförda genom det parametriska testet tvåvägs- ANOVA med upprepade mätningar och det icke parametriska testet Mann-Whitney U test. Undersökningen baserades på ett urval på totalt 120 mindre aktiebolag och med hjälp av verktyget G* Power bestämdes studiens urvalsstorlek. Studien utgår från ett antal teorier, dessa omfattar legitimitetsteorin och resursberoendeteorin. Resultatet av studien påvisade ett förkastande av samtliga nollhypoteser, vilket innebär att de föreligger en signifikant skillnad mellan tillväxt och de angivna nyckeltalen. Vidare kan det bekräftas att det föreligger en signifikant skillnad mellan tillväxten av de undersökta nyckeltalen i de bolagen med respektive utan revision.Nyckelord: Antal anställda, Nettoomsättning, Balansomslutning, Revision, Revisor, Tillväxt / In Sweden, it has been mandatory by law since 1983 to have an auditor. The main reason why the mandatory audit obligation came into force was due to a constant increase in financial crime. It was in 2010 that the audit obligation was abolished for small, limited companies. The consequence of the abolition of the audit obligation resulted in many small, limited companies excluding the audit from their companies. The debate on there introduction of the mandatory audit has been a controversial topic. There are several different factors that indicate the cause of deteriorating figures in companies. This studyexamines the difference over time between companies that have maintained or excludedauditing in relation to the growth of three key ratios. The companies examined consist only of small, limited companies in Sweden in the construction, design and interior design industry. Consequently, three dependent variables which include the key ratios number of employees, net sales and total assets are examined. The method is based on a review of annual reports between the years 2011–2020. The study is based on a quantitative research method with hypotheses as a core point. The statistical tests were performed by implementing the two-way repeated measures ANOVA and Mann-Whitney U test. The sample size was determined by the tool G*Power and a total of 120 smaller limited companies were examined. The study is based on several theories which include the theory of legitimacy and the theory of resource dependence. The results of the study shows a rejection of all null hypotheses, which means that there is a significant difference between growth and the stated key ratios. Furthermore, the results of the study can confirm that there is a significant difference between the growth of the key ratios examined in the companies that have maintained auditing and those that have not.

This thesis is focused on analysis of the development of gross month wage and in particular on development and examining seasonality. There are also described the institutions and their surveys of wages, such as the Czech Statistical Office, Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs, which administers the Information System of Average Earnings. The monthly income is compared between regions and between major classes KZAM. The development of time series is modeled by the Box-Jenkins methodology, further charts of seasonal values and seasonal indexes . For comparison the average relative wage growth in regions are used cartograms. The base for these analyses is data obtained from business statistical return systems and structural statistics from the site of the Czech Statistical Office and the Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs.

Purpose: The study aims to examine how education and previous industry experience with a company's Chief Executive Officer (CEO), affect a company's success in the staffing industry. Method: The study uses method triangulation , a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods . The study has a quantitative approach to the cross-sectional design. The choice of combining several study designs are made to create a greater understanding of the research topic. Results & Conclusion: The findings determines whether the study's hypotheses are confirmed or dismissed.  Hypothesis 1.1: A higher level of education increases the likelihood of successful entrepreneurship. The hypothesis can neither be confirmed nor dismissed.  Hypothesis 1.2: A higher level of education does not increase the likelihood of successful entrepreneurship. The hypothesis can neither be confirmed nor dismissed.  Hypothesis 2.1: Previous experience in the sector increases the likelihood of successful entrepreneurship. The hypothesis can neither be confirmed nor dismissed.  Hypothesis 2.2: Previous experience in the industry will not increase the likelihood of successful entrepreneurship. The hypothesis can neither be confirmed nor dismissed. Suggestions for future research: It would be interesting to do the study on a larger scale, with more number of respondents would study demonstrate clearer connection. Further research could also involve more factors for business success in order to get a broader view on the definition of success. Another interesting approach for future research might be to explore how the distinction between different fields look like, instead of only one industry in this study. Other industries. It would be interesting to do a similar study on a completely different industry or small business to see what the result is then.

The diploma thesis focuses on the problematics of setting the number of employees in the selected department (team) in a specific company. With respect to the severity of impact of this decision, the diploma thesis choses a sophisticated tool, norms of work consumption. To simplify their utilization a model is created to specify the number of employees. The basis for construction of the model is summarized in the theoretical-methodological part. Practical part of the diploma thesis presents the company, the department and the team and it defines preformed processes. Furthermore, it calculates (determines) individual elements needed for building the required model, namely the time normatives (norms) of the activities, probabilities of occurrence of certain activities and usable time fund of an employee. Lastly, the created model is tested by using real data from the last period and consequent recommendations are presented.

Underpricing is a subject that is well documented, there is a lot of different theories that claims special traits of companies that affect underpricing which some of these are age, growth and size of a company. There is also a difference amongst industries and especially the Tech industry which show a higher percentage of underpricing. Baker Mckenzie reports that the number of IPO: s in Sweden will grow in 2017, further one can see that under the year 1980-2011 there was an average underpricing of 27,3 percentage in Swedish companies. The study aims to analyze if there is a difference in underpricing within the first day when it comes to the Tech industry and the markets as a whole. The study also intends to prove that there is a significant relationship between underpricing, age, revenue growth, revenue and number of employees. Data was collected from databases and was analyzed through a regression analysis and comparing underpricing between the Tech industry and the other companies in the study. These analyzes was used to accept or reject the studies four hypothesizes and answer the questions of the study. The analysis and research showed a higher underpricing amongst the Tech industry then the rest of the companies but the study could not prove a significant relationship between underpricing and age, turnover growth, revenue and number of employees. / Underprissättning är ett ämne som är välstuderat och väldokumenterat, det finns många teorier som hävdar vilka egenskaper hos ett bolag som påverkar till underprissättning. Några av de faktorerna är ålder, tillväxt samt storlek. Det finns en skillnad bland branscher enligt tidigare undersökningar som hävdar att Tech branschen underprissätts i högre grad jämfört med andra branscher. Baker Mckenzie rapporterar att börsnoteringar i Sverige kommer öka under 2017, vidare kan man se att under åren 1980–2011 var det i snitt en första dagsavkastning på 27,3 procent på svenska börsnoteringar. Syftet med studien är att analysera om det finns en skillnad på första dagens avkastning inom Tech branschen jämfört med marknaden som helhet, studien ämnar också att påvisa om det finns signifikanta samband mellan underprissättning och ålder, omsättningstillväxt, omsättning samt antalet anställda. Information har samlats in från databaser och analyserats genom en regressionsanalys samt en komparativ studie av prissättning mellan Tech branschen och resterande branscher. De genomförda analyserna användes för att acceptera eller förkasta studiens fyra hypoteser samt svara på studiens frågeställningar. Analyserna och forskningen påvisade en större grad av underprissättning bland Tech bolagen än övriga bolag men studien kunde ej påvisa ett signifikant samband mellan underprissättning och bolagets omsättning, ålder, antal anställda samt omsättningstillväxt.

Объем магистерской диссертации 125 страниц основного текста, для иллюстрации использованы 16 таблиц, 10 рисунков и приложения. Библиографический список состоит из 84 источников. Актуальность темы магистерской диссертации связана с тем, что, во-первых, глобальные цепочки стоимости определили особенности развития мировой экономики с начала 2000 годов и во-вторых существует дефицит исследований на выбранную тему. Цель данного исследования заключается в выявлении факторов и оценке эффектов от участия стран в глобальных цепочках стоимости. В соответствии с выбранной целью в работе были поставлены следующие задачи: выявить факторы, влияющие на интеграцию стран в глобальные цепочки стоимости; систематизировать эффекты от участия стран в глобальных цепочках стоимости; провести обзор эмпирических исследований по детерминантам ГЦС; предложить методический подход к оценке эффектов от интеграции стран в глобальные цепочки стоимости; провести эконометрическое моделирование стран в глобальных цепочках стоимости; разработать рекомендации для государственной политики в контексте интеграции стран в глобальные цепочки стоимости. К научной новизне можно отнести проведение комплексного исследования и детального анализа глобальных цепочек стоимости и выявление ключевых факторов и эффектов от участия стран в глобальных цепочках стоимости с помощью эконометрических методов работы с панельными данными. Практическая значимость магистерской работы состоит в возможности использования обозначенных в работе рекомендаций и других результатов для стимулирования существенного роста уровня вовлеченности стран в участие в глобальных цепочках стоимости и, соответственно, принося странам экономические выгоды. / The volume of the master's thesis is 125 pages of the main text, 16 tables, 10 figures and the appendix are used to illustrate. The bibliographic list consists of 74 sources. The relevance of the research of the topic master's thesis is due to the fact that, firstly, global value chains have determined the features of the development of the world economy since the beginning of 2000, and secondly, there is a shortage of research on the chosen topic. The purpose of the research: to identify factors and assess the effects of countries participation in global value chains. In accordance with the chosen of the purpose of the research is the following tasks in the work: to identify factors affecting the integration of countries into global value chains; to systematize the effects of countries participation in global value chains; to review empirical studies on the determinants of GVC; to propose a methodological approach to assessing the effects of countries integration into global value chains; to conduct econometric modeling of countries in global value chains; develop recommendations for public policy in the context of the integration of countries into global value chains. The scientific novelty can be attributed to conducting a comprehensive study and detailed analysis of global value chains and identifying key factors and effects of countries participation in global value chains using econometric methods of working with panel data. The practical significance of the research is determined to the possibility of using the recommendations outlined in the work and other results to stimulate a significant increase in the level of involvement of countries in participating in global value chains and, accordingly, bringing economic benefits to countries.