Heparan sulfates (HSs) are linear, negatively charged polysaccharides composed of alternating hexuronic acid (glucuronic acid or iduronic acid) and glucosamine residues that can be substituted to varying degrees with sulfate groups. HS, localized in the extracellular matrix and on the surface of most cells, interacts with a large number of proteins. The actions of HS largely depend on the amount and distribution of its sulfate groups, that provide binding sites for proteins. This thesis focuses on the regulation of the structural diversity in HS, in particular the regulation of its 6-O-sulfation patterns that are generated by the combined action of 6-O-sulfotransferases (6OSTs) during biosynthesis, and 6-O-endosulfatases (Sulfs) after completed biosynthesis. In addition, a new model organism is introduced that offers good prospects for investigating the evolutional aspects of HS structural heterogeneity. Our studies showed that the three mouse 6OSTs (6OST1-3) exhibit similar substrate specificities in vitro, with minor differences in target preferences. Overexpression of the 6OSTs in cells resulted in increased 6-O-sulfation of both N-sulfated and N-acetylated glucosamine residues. The changes were independent of enzyme isoform but positively correlated to the level of enzyme expressed. Quail Sulf1 and Sulf2 enzymes were shown to be cell surface HS 6-O-endosulfatases with preference towards a subset of trisulfated disaccharides within HS chains. The Sulfs contain a “hydrophilic domain” that was shown to be essential for binding of HS, anchorage to the cell surface and endosulfatase activity. QSulf1 was also shown to promote Wnt-Frizzled signaling in cells. An HS-like polysaccharide was isolated from the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis and characterized, and all the enzyme families involved in HS biosynthesis and modification in mammalian model systems were also identified. Our results suggest that Nematostella may be a useful tool for understanding the role of evolution in generating HS structural diversity.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:54:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MycarlaMAL_DISSERT.pdf: 2856929 bytes, checksum: 216c837a7b2d57fd4c9c0bd34790a188 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-19 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Com o aumento dos problemas ambientais surgiram v?rias formas de prote??o da natureza, como a cria??o de Unidades de Conserva??o (UC s) para preservar a biodiversidade que, por si, n?o tem obtido os resultados esperados. Para isso, a Percep??o Ambiental (PA) vem sendo utilizada em estudos que tratam da rela??o homem-ambiente. Uma dessas UC s ? a Reserva Particular do Patrim?nio Natural (RPPN) Stoessel de Britto, no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Este trabalho teve como objetivos identificar o perfil socioecon?mico e analisar a PA da comunidade do entorno dessa RPPN para conhecer os significados e atitudes que regem as rela??es estabelecidas pela comunidade com os elementos naturais e a UC. Foi empregado o instrumento da PA, na forma de formul?rios com quest?es abertas e fechadas aplicados a 90 entrevistados, e os dados foram analisados atrav?s do m?todo An?lise de Conte?do. Os resultados mostram que a maioria dos moradores reconhece esta RPPN como uma ?rea de proibi??es e legalizada pelo Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renov?veis-IBAMA. A falta de investimentos e de apoio ? considerada grande empecilho na prote??o e para o desenvolvimento local

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-11-06T21:04:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LucioCleberBarbalhoDeFranca_DISSERT.pdf: 698807 bytes, checksum: c45e3b61c3b1f9059db64aee9417ead4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-11-20T22:53:13Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 LucioCleberBarbalhoDeFranca_DISSERT.pdf: 698807 bytes, checksum: c45e3b61c3b1f9059db64aee9417ead4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-20T22:53:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LucioCleberBarbalhoDeFranca_DISSERT.pdf: 698807 bytes, checksum: c45e3b61c3b1f9059db64aee9417ead4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-10-02 / O presente trabalho analisou a terceiriza??o em uma Universidade Federal, buscou caracterizar as rela??es socioprofissionais de trabalho (RST) mantidas entre seus trabalhadores terceirizados de diferentes categorias funcionais e servidores concursados, para tanto, foram aplicadas entrevistas aos participantes atrav?s de amostra n?o probabil?stica intencional, retratando os sentimentos de perten?a (identidade). A entrevista abordou quest?es relativas ao dia a dia do entrevistado suas opini?es, viv?ncias e experi?ncias constru?das em situa??es vividas nas rela??es socioprofissionais laborais. Para analisar as informa??es, as respostas ?s quest?es abertas foram compiladas e submetidas a uma an?lise quantitativa de textos sendo utilizada a t?cnica de Classifica??o Hier?rquica Descendente, tamb?m uma an?lise de similitude. O resultado final revelou aspectos de invisibilidade na percep??o do terceirizado, bem como a aus?ncia do sentimento de perten?a ? institui??o. / The present work analyzed the outsourcing in a Federal University, sought to characterize the socio-occupational relations of work (RST) maintained among its outsourced workers of different functional categories and public employees, for which, interviews were applied to the participants, through an intentional nonprobabilistic sample, portraying the feelings of belonging (identity). The interview addressed questions related to the day to day of the interviewee's opinions, experiences, experiences and meanings built in situations experienced in the sociooccupational relations. In order to analyze the information, the answers to the open questions were compiled and submitted to a quantitative analysis of texts being used the technique of Hierarchical Descending Classification, also an analysis of similarity. The final result revealed aspects of invisibility in the perception of the outsourced, as well as the absence of the feeling of belonging to the institution.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-11-22T20:54:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 EugenioRibeiroSilva_TESE.pdf: 13145838 bytes, checksum: f31fdffefd2e1a62d9515b2f060c65af (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-11-23T23:59:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 EugenioRibeiroSilva_TESE.pdf: 13145838 bytes, checksum: f31fdffefd2e1a62d9515b2f060c65af (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-23T23:59:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 EugenioRibeiroSilva_TESE.pdf: 13145838 bytes, checksum: f31fdffefd2e1a62d9515b2f060c65af (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-21 / No ?mbito da produ??o do espa?o urbano, uma importante estrat?gia de valoriza??o ? a perman?ncia de vazios urbanos para a especula??o imobili?ria. Al?m dessa vis?o cl?ssica de vazios urbanos, outras formas de esvaziamento aparecem nas cidades do mundo inteiro. Por isso, esse trabalho objetivou a constru??o de uma tipologia para analisar o processo de esvaziamento em suas diversas nuances, como brownfields, greyfields e greenfields. Al?m desses, outros termos se enquadram para an?lise do processo de esvaziamento, sobremaneira nas ?reas centrais das cidades, a saber: im?veis subutilizados, im?veis n?o utilizados, im?veis n?o edificados e im?veis em ru?nas. Mediante o uso da tipologia dos vazios urbanos, foi poss?vel caracterizar cada tipo de vazio urbano, possibilitando a elabora??o de explica??es balizadas pela teoria, acerca do seu papel na din?mica imobili?ria da cidade de Natal. Como contraponto, foi analisado o caso da cidade do Porto, em Portugal, onde se tem buscado minimizar o quadro de abandono e degrada??o das ?reas centrais com pol?ticas de reabilita??o urbana. Por meio de visitas in loco, com levantamento fotogr?fico e observa??o para mapeamento dos tipos de vazios, bem como por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas junto ? agentes dos setores p?blico e privado, foi poss?vel compreender melhor os efeitos dos vazios urbanos nas cidades em tela, bem como os processos em curso para reabilita??o de ?reas centrais. A tese concluiu que os vazios urbanos causam problemas de diversas ordens para a cidade e que, por isso, precisam ser combatidos. No entanto, ? preciso desenvolver uma reabilita??o urbana que leve em conta o interesse da popula??o menos favorecida, a fim de evitar a gentrifica??o. / In the field of urban space production, an important valuation strategy and a permanence of urban voids for real estate speculation. In addition to the classic information of urban voids, other forms of emptying appear in cities all over the world. Therefore, this work aimed at constructing a typology to analyze the process of emptying in its various nuances, such as brownfields, greyfields and greenfields. In addition, other terms are used to analyze the process of emptying, especially in the central areas of the cities: underutilized real estate, unused real estate, property not built and real estate in ruins. Using the typology of urban voids, it was possible to characterize each type of urban emptiness, making it possible to elaborate explanations based on theory, about its role in the real estate dynamics of the city of Natal. As a counterpoint, we analyzed the case of the city of Porto, Portugal, where it has sought to minimize the abandonment and degradation of the central areas with urban rehabilitation policies. By means of on-site visits, with photographic survey and observation to map the types of voids, as well as through semi-structured interviews with agents from the public and private sectors, it was possible to better visualize the effects of urban voids in cities on canvas, as well as ongoing processes for rehabilitation of core areas. A context as difficult as what is needed, therefore, needs to be tackled. However, it is necessary to develop urban rehabilitation that takes into account the interest of the less favored population, in order to avoid gentrification.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-12-12T19:12:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JoaoBatistaDaSilva_TESE.pdf: 13676721 bytes, checksum: 709bca681f6afbf0a790020becfdbcf1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-12-14T17:23:38Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 JoaoBatistaDaSilva_TESE.pdf: 13676721 bytes, checksum: 709bca681f6afbf0a790020becfdbcf1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-14T17:23:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JoaoBatistaDaSilva_TESE.pdf: 13676721 bytes, checksum: 709bca681f6afbf0a790020becfdbcf1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-02 / A tese versa sobre a Atividade de Tomada de Decis?o (ATD) como um saber profissional que comp?e os conhecimentos formativos do policial militar. Do ponto de vista te?rico e pr?tico, estudou que lugar ocupa a ATD para resolu??o de ocorr?ncias que demandam o uso da for?a e/ou armas de fogo na atividade profissional de Cabos e Sargentos da PMRN. Procurou caracterizar os fatores que influenciam no processo da atividade em quest?o, discutindo, ainda, a Tomada de Decis?o no contexto da forma??o inicial e continuada. Al?m de refletir e interpretar os dados emp?ricos, a Tese, tamb?m, prop?e um referencial procedimental para potencializar o processo de Tomada de Decis?o em ocorr?ncias policiais cr?ticas. De natureza explorat?ria e descritiva, a pesquisa foi desenvolvida em mar?o de 2016, no Centro de Forma??o e Aperfei?oamento da Pol?cia Militar do Rio Grande do Norte (CFAPM), em Natal, inquirindo 23 Cabos e 34 Sargentos, em processo de forma??o continuada, onde, por meio de um question?rio misto, buscou desvelar a partir de um caso hipot?tico, que simulou uma ocorr?ncia cr?tica, com uma v?tima sob amea?a iminente de morte, que medidas imediatas da ATD seriam tomadas por esses policiais. Os resultados da pesquisa apontam para duas forma??es diferenciadas por se tratarem de categorias de n?veis diferentes, contudo, h? de se considerar as responsabilidades equivalentes no desempenho do policiamento ostensivo, cotidiano, mobilizando conhecimentos e saberes similares. Os Sargentos com uma m?dia de 30 anos de servi?o tiveram uma forma??o dentro do paradigma militarista, enquanto a dos Cabos foi embasada nas Bases Curriculares para os Profissionais de Seguran?a do Cidad?o, institucionalizadas pelo Minist?rio da Justi?a (MJ), por meio da Secretaria Nacional de Seguran?a P?blica (SENASP) a partir de 2000. Em que pese n?o haver um protocolo nacional e/ou estadual para nortear ? ATD dos policiais militares em ocorr?ncias cr?ticas, os resultados apontam para uma padroniza??o das a??es imediatas adotadas pelos informantes da pesquisa, a partir da doutrina de gerenciamento de crises, sistematizada por meio de curso da Rede EaD da SENASP/MJ. Evidenciou-se ainda maior autonomia profissional em conhecimentos e saberes nesse campo de estudos, por parte dos Cabos, que apresentam, tamb?m, maior n?vel de escolariza??o. No contexto institucional, apesar das pol?ticas implementadas no pa?s no ?mbito da seguran?a p?blica, sobressai-se a vis?o de que a forma??o ? muito mais protocolar do que voltada para atender ?s necessidades formativas da pr?tica profissional. / The thesis is about Decision Making Activity (DMA) as a professional knowledge that composes the educational training process of the Military Police. From a theoretical and practical perspective, it has been studied the role taken by ATD as a way to solve criminal activity incidents that demand the use of force and/or guns in the ordinary procedures performed by Cables and Sergeants of the PMRN while on duty. It aimed to characterize the factors that influence the process of the mentioned activity, also discussing the Decision Making in the context of initial and continuing training. In addition to reflecting and interpreting the empirical data, the thesis also proposes a procedural framework to enhance the decision-making process in critical crime incidents. Exploratory and descriptive, this survey was carried out in March 2016, at the Center for Training and Improvement of the Rio Grande do Norte Military Police (CFAPM), in Natal, inquiring 23 Cables and 34 Sergeants, in a process of continuous education, where, through a mixed questionnaire, it aimed to reveal ? from a hypothetical case, which simulated a critical crime incident, whereas a victim was under imminent death threat ? what immediate DMA measures would be taken by those police officers. The results collected from that survey point to two differentiated types of training, because they belong to different hierarchy levels under a Chain of Command, however, equal responsibilities must be considered in the performance of ostensible, everyday policing, mobilizing similar knowledge and skills. The sergeants with an average of 30 years of service had an training within the militaristic paradigms, whereas that one of the Cables? was established in the Curriculum Bases for the Citizen Security Professionals, institutionalized by the Ministry of Justice (MJ), through the National Board of Public Security (SENASP) since the year 2000. In spite of the lack of a national and/or state protocol to guide the DMA of military police officers in critical incidents, the results point to a standardization of the immediate actions adopted by those subject to the previously mentioned survey, based upon the crisis management doctrine, also systematized through a course from SENASP/MJ Distance Education Network. An even greater professional autonomy has been highlighted concerning the knowledge and skills in that area of study, presented by the Cables in the survey, who also demonstrated a higher level of schooling. In the institutional context, despite the policies implemented in the country in the area of public security, it stands out the perception that the police training is much more a protocol than directed to meet the standards of professional practice training.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-08-16T23:16:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AlessandroAnibalMartinsDeAlmeida_DISSERT.pdf: 1657763 bytes, checksum: 6db22b702082732061a8789cd23c535a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-08-24T20:54:28Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 AlessandroAnibalMartinsDeAlmeida_DISSERT.pdf: 1657763 bytes, checksum: 6db22b702082732061a8789cd23c535a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-24T20:54:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AlessandroAnibalMartinsDeAlmeida_DISSERT.pdf: 1657763 bytes, checksum: 6db22b702082732061a8789cd23c535a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-18 / O presente estudo discute a quest?o dos prazos nos processos de compras no ?mbito da Administra??o P?blica Federal. Seu principal objetivo ? analisar os fatores que influenciaram, preponderantemente, na execu??o das subfases do preg?o eletr?nico na BANT, no ano de 2014, quanto ao atendimento ao princ?pio da celeridade. A pesquisa ? do tipo descritiva, uma vez que identifica e analisa os fatores que influenciaram nos prazos das compras, por meio da observa??o direta e de entrevistas. Com base no referencial te?rico, a fun??o compras, estabelece quatro dimens?es de an?lise: ?Legisla??o e processos de compras?, ?Estrutura e Organiza??o do setor de compras?, ?Sistemas de compras? e ?Recursos humanos do setor de compras?. As an?lises demonstraram que, diferentemente do que ocorre no ?mbito privado, o setor de compras p?blico n?o alcan?ou um status estrat?gico dentro das organiza??es, o que traz consequ?ncias prejudiciais ? celeridade das compras. Com isso,verificou que h? a necessidade de uma maior participa??o do pessoal do setor de compras e dos pregoeiros na formula??o das estrat?gias de aquisi??o da organiza??o e que esses elementos de compras apresentam, em suas atitudes, um perfil h?brido, proativo quanto ?s especifica??es dos itens, mas reativo em rela??o ? necessidade de compras de car?ter de urg?ncia, fruto da car?ncia de um melhor planejamento, o que sobrecarrega o trabalho do setor. A observa??o desses aspectos estrat?gicos da fun??o compras na BANT influenciou na constata??o de que a car?ncia de pessoal e de investimentos em qualifica??o somados ao excesso de rigor e formalismo da legisla??o, entre outros fatores, contribu?ram, preponderantemente, para a falta de celeridade dos processos. Por fim, este estudo traz sugest?es para o aumento da celeridade das compras da BANT. / This study discusses the issue of deadlines in the purchasing process within the Federal Public Administration. Your main goal is to analyze the main factors that influenced, mainly in the implementation of sub-phases of electronic trading in BANT, in 2014, as service to the principle of celerity. The research is descriptive since they were identified and analyzed the factors that influenced in terms of purchases, through direct observation and interviews. Based on the theoretical framework, the purchasing function, four dimensions of analysis were established: "Legislation and procurement processes", "Structure and Organization of the purchasing department", "purchasing systems" and "Human Resources of the purchasing department." Analysis showed that, unlike what happens in the private sector, the public procurement sector has not reached a strategic status within organizations, which brings harmful consequences to the speed of the purchases. It was found that there is a need for greater involvement of the purchasing department staff and criers in the formulation of the organization's purchasing strategies and that these purchases elements present, about their attitudes, a hybrid profile, proactive regarding specifications of the items, but reactive in relation to the need to urgently purchase, due to the lack of a better plan, which overloads the work of the sector. The observation of these strategic aspects of the procurement function in BANT influenced the finding that the lack of staff and expertise in investments plus the lack of rigor and formality of legislation, among other factors, contributed mainly to the lack of speed of processes.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-08-22T23:48:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LuisaMariaBezerraDeSousa_DISSERT.pdf: 352994 bytes, checksum: c7245c5a1da0e88a6556aa722ba73222 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-08-22T23:53:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 LuisaMariaBezerraDeSousa_DISSERT.pdf: 352994 bytes, checksum: c7245c5a1da0e88a6556aa722ba73222 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-22T23:53:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LuisaMariaBezerraDeSousa_DISSERT.pdf: 352994 bytes, checksum: c7245c5a1da0e88a6556aa722ba73222 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-07-21 / Objetivo: avaliar a inter-rela??o entre a DTM, a depress?o e o dist?rbio do sono. M?todos: trata-se de um estudo do tipo caso-controle com aplica??o de question?rios em 50 pacientes com e 50 sem DTM, alocados ambos do departamento de Odontologia da UFRN, Natal-RN, no per?odo de setembro de 2014 a junho de 2015, para avalia??o de sintomas depressivos e dist?rbio do sono. Os pacientes foram diagnosticados como portadores de DTM atrav?s do RDC/TMD; para a an?lise na qualidade do sono, pelo PSQI e para an?lise da depress?o, pelo IDB. Todos os ?ndices foram aplicados por um ?nico examinador previamente treinado e calibrado. Os dados coletados foram analisados, atrav?s do SPSS, com os testes de Qui-quadrado de Pearson (?2) e a regress?o log?stica n?o condicional. Resultados: as mulheres apresentaram um risco de 2,85 vezes maior de desenvolverem DTM (p=0,046). A Odds Ratio (OR) mostra que o paciente casado tem 2,56 vezes mais chances de apresentar DTM (p=0,087); o dist?rbio do sono aumenta em 2,19 as chances de ter DTM (p=0,062) e os sintomas depressivos aumentam o risco em 3,16 vezes em desenvolver a disfun??o (p=0,053). Conclus?o: pacientes do g?nero feminino, casadas, com sintomas depressivos e altera??es do sono s?o mais propensas a desenvolverem a disfun??o temporomandibular. / Objective: To evaluate the inter-relationship between TMD (temporomandibular disorder), depression and sleep disorder. Methods: This is a case-control study with questionnaires in 111 patients, allocated from the Dentistry Department of UFRN, Natal, Brazil, from September 2014 to June 2015, for evaluation of depressive symptoms through the BDI (Beck Depression Inventory); sleep disorder, the PSQI (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) and DTM through the RDC / TMD (diagnostic criteria to search for DTM). All indexes were applied by a single examiner previously trained and calibrated. The collected data were analyzed with chi-square tests of Pearson (?2) and the unconditional logistic regression. Results: women had a risk of 2.85 times more likely to develop TMD (p = 0.046). The OR (odds ratio) shows that sleep disturbance increases by 2.19 the chances of having TMD (p = 0.062) and depressive symptoms increase the risk by 3.16 times in developing dysfunction (p = 0.053). Conclusion: The data of this research allows us to conclude that patients with TMD, in this population, were more likely to develop changes in sleep and depressive symptoms.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-10-11T21:36:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 YanneKatiussyPereiraGurgelAum_TESE.pdf: 6627186 bytes, checksum: d33803d10b325c75e88616c3f67addc1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-10-15T00:29:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 YanneKatiussyPereiraGurgelAum_TESE.pdf: 6627186 bytes, checksum: d33803d10b325c75e88616c3f67addc1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-15T00:29:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 YanneKatiussyPereiraGurgelAum_TESE.pdf: 6627186 bytes, checksum: d33803d10b325c75e88616c3f67addc1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-23 / A deposi??o de parafinas ? um problema cr?tico na ind?stria do petr?leo, pois pode influenciar de maneira crucial as opera??es de produ??o e transporte. Apesar da diversidade de t?cnicas de remedia??o, as utilizadas atualmente apresentam problemas e limita??es na sua aplica??o devido aos mais diversos cen?rios encontrados. As microemuls?es apresentam elevado potencial de solubiliza??o, entretanto h? uma escassez de trabalhos voltados para a sua aplica??o na remo??o de parafinas. Portanto, este trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver sistemas microemulsionados (ME) ?leo em ?gua (O/A) visando a remo??o de dep?sitos paraf?nicos. V?rias formula??es para quatro diferentes sistemas microemulsionados O/A foram avaliadas. Esses sistemas foram constitu?dos por: ALK-L90, como tensoativo; n-butanol, como co-tensoativo; ?gua destilada; e como fase ?leo, quatro diferentes solventes, querosene, xileno, diesel e a mistura querosene-xileno. Os sistemas foram caracterizados quanto ao equil?brio de fases, tamanho de part?cula, tens?o superficial e reologia. Estudos de molhabilidade da superf?cie paraf?nica a esses sistemas e do comportamento reol?gico dos sistemas ME contendo parafina, submetidos ? diferentes temperaturas, foram realizados com a finalidade de avaliar a intera??o fluido-parafina. Uma metodologia para avaliar a efici?ncia de remo??o de parafinas em dutos foi desenvolvida e empregada na avalia??o do desempenho dos sistemas propostos. Os resultados mostraram que os componentes qu?micos utilizados favoreceram a forma??o de microemuls?es O/A, do tipo Winsor IV. Os ensaios de molhabilidade confirmaram a elevada capacidade de intera??o entre os sistemas ME obtidos e a parafina. Sistemas ME com parafina apresentam comportamentos bighamiano e newtoniano, com boa capacidade de bombeamento devido aos baixos valores de viscosidade e de tens?o inicial de escoamento. A efici?ncia de remo??o (ER) dos sistemas ME O/A foi compar?vel e, em alguns casos, superior ? dos solventes puros, apesar do elevado percentual de ?gua. A modelagem e an?lise estat?stica dos dados experimentais de remo??o geraram modelos capazes de descrever e estimar a ER em fun??o da composi??o do sistema ME, bem como entender o seu mecanismo de atua??o. Portanto, os sistemas ME O/A propostos apresentam-se como uma alternativa concreta na remo??o de dep?sitos paraf?nicos, com menor risco ambiental e inflamabilidade que os sistemas convencionais utilizados na ind?stria. / Paraffin deposition is a critical issue in the petroleum industry, since it can crucially affect both transport and production operations. In spite of the diversity of remediation techniques, those currently used may present problems and limitations when applied, due to the great number of different scenarios that can be found. Even though the microemulsions display a high potential for solubilization, the studies related to their application in paraffin removal are very scarce. Thus, this work aimed to develop oil-in-water (O/W) microemulsion systems (ME) with high capacity of removing paraffin deposits. Several formulations of four different O/W microemulsion systems were evaluated. The aforementioned systems were composed by: ALK-L90 as surfactant; butan-1-ol as cosurfactant; distilled water; and as oil phase, four different components (kerosene, xylene, diesel and a kerosene-xylene mixture). The systems were characterized regarding phase equilibrium, particle size, surface tension and rheology. Paraffin surface wettability studies related to these systems, as well as studies on the rheological behaviour of each of the ME systems containing paraffin, under different temperatures, were performed aiming to assess the fluid-paraffin interaction. A methodology to evaluate the efficiency of paraffin removal in pipelines was developed and applied for the performance evaluation of each of the proposed systems. The results demonstrated that the chemicals used favoured the formation of Winsor-IV O/W microemulsions. The wettability studies confirmed the high interaction capacity between the ME systems and the paraffin surface. Also, the ME systems with paraffin presented Binghamian and Newtonian behaviors, with a great pumping capacity due to the low values of viscosity and initial flow tension. The removal efficiencies of the O/W ME systems were similar to and, in some cases, even higher than the efficiencies of pure solvents, despite the high water percentage. The statistical analysis and modelling of the experimental data generated models there are able to both describe and estimate the removal efficiency as a function of the ME system composition, as well as to understand its action mechanism. Therefore, the proposed O/W ME systems present a valid alternative in the removal of paraffin deposits, with lower environmental risks and inflammability than the conventional systems used in the industry.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-10-11T22:03:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MoniqueBezerraPazLeitao_TESE.pdf: 11056144 bytes, checksum: 978892fd0142f3723b3084ebbd726901 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-10-17T21:24:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MoniqueBezerraPazLeitao_TESE.pdf: 11056144 bytes, checksum: 978892fd0142f3723b3084ebbd726901 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-17T21:24:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MoniqueBezerraPazLeitao_TESE.pdf: 11056144 bytes, checksum: 978892fd0142f3723b3084ebbd726901 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-18 / Beb?s e crian?as pequenas costumam ser considerados graciosos e despertar muito afeto. A tend?ncia de perceb?-los de modo positivo e a disposi??o em cuidar s?o atribu?das a tra?os f?sicos e comportamentais t?picos de um infante. Em humanos, caracter?sticas faciais como olhos grandes em rela??o ao rosto e cabe?a arredondada s?o importantes est?mulos. Alguns te?ricos defendem que a tend?ncia humana ? coopera??o tem ra?zes em mecanismos que evolu?ram para o cuidado ? prole, entretanto poucos estudos investigam as rela??es entre tra?os infantis, percep??o de fofura e coopera??o. Neste trabalho foram desenvolvidas quatro publica??es. A primeira investigou a influ?ncia da faixa et?ria e sexo na express?o de comportamentos cooperativos e competitivos e na percep??o de infantilidade por parte de indiv?duos mais velhos ao interagir com crian?as pequenas. Participaram 244 sujeitos (120 do sexo feminino) que interagiram em d?ades durante partidas do jogo da velha. Foram testadas as d?ades: Crian?a 4-5 x Crian?a 8-9 anos; Crian?a 4-5 x Adolescente 14-16 anos; Crian?a 4-5 x Adulto 25-35 anos. Crian?as entre 8-9 anos expressaram mais comportamentos competitivos, especialmente d?ades de sexo opostos, e adultos expressaram mais ajuda. Adolescentes e adultos tenderam a avaliar a crian?a pequena como mais fofinha, bonita e ing?nua. Quanto maior a avalia??o de fofura, menos competi??o por parte de crian?as de 8-9 anos e adultos. A segunda publica??o tratou da constru??o e valida??o do Child Neutral Expression Picture Set - CNEPS, um banco de faces composto por imagens de 131 crian?as entre 4-5 anos, com express?o facial neutra. Ap?s a captura, edi??o e normaliza??o, as imagens foram avaliadas por especialistas, sendo em geral consideradas com express?o neutra. A terceira publica??o teve como objetivo medir e relacionar diversos tra?os faciais infantis das imagens de crian?as entre 4-5 anos com a percep??es de fofura, os comportamentos competitivos e cooperativos no jogo dirigidos a estas crian?as por parte de sujeitos de diferentes idades. Os sujeitos e o m?todo foram os mesmos descritos na primeira publica??o, acrescidos da medi??o dos tra?os. O estudo ? inovador por mostrar que a percep??o e frequ?ncia de competi??o e ajuda variam de acordo com a intensidade de certos tra?os em todas as faixas et?rias. Nas crian?as de 8-9 anos, os tra?os relacionaram-se ? percep??o de fofura, nos adolescentes tanto ?s percep??es e como ? inibi??o de competi??o. Nos adultos os tra?os correlacionaram com mais ajuda. A quarta publica??o ? uma nota t?cnica que descreve v?rios bancos de imagens faciais de crian?as e adultos dispon?veis para pesquisas cient?ficas. Em s?ntese, a presente tese mostrou que ao longo do desenvolvimento, os indiv?duos tendem a agir mais cooperativamente com crian?as pequenas e de avali?-las de modo mais positivo e que os tra?os infantis espec?ficos influenciam a diminui??o da competitividade e aumento da coopera??o. Entende-se que diversas adapta??es cognitivas e comportamentais foram favorecidas durante a evolu??o humana para promover cuidado e prote??o de indiv?duos imaturos, especialmente considerando o alto n?vel de depend?ncia e o longo per?odo de cuidado exigido pelos nossos infantes. / Babies and young children are often considered graceful and evoke much affection. The tendency to perceive them in a positive manner and the propensity to care for them are assigned to physical and behavioral traits typical of an infant. In humans, facial features such as large eyes relative to the face and rounded head are important stimuli. Some theorists argue that the human cooperation tendency is rooted in mechanisms that have evolved to care for offspring, however few studies investigated the relationship between children's traits, perceptions of cuteness and cooperation. In this work it was developed four publications. The first investigated the influence of age range and sex in the expression of cooperative and competitive behaviors and perception of childishness on the part of older individuals by interacting with young children. Took part of the study 244 subjects (120 females) who interacted in dyads during tic-tac-toe matches. Dyads tested were: Child 4-5 x Child 8-9 years old; Child 4-5 x Adolescent 14-16 years old; Child 4-5 x Adult 25-35 years old. Children aged 8-9 years expressed more competitive behavior, especially dyads of opposite sex, and adults expressed more help. Adolescents and adults tended to evaluate the young child as cuter, more beautiful and more na?ve. The higher the cuteness evaluation, the lower competition by children aged 8-9 years and adults. The second publication describes the construction and validation of the Child Neutral Expression Picture Set - CNEPS, a database face made up of images of 131 children between 4-5 years old with neutral facial expression. After capturing, editing and standardizing, the images were evaluated by experts, generally being considered with neutral expression. The third publication aimed to measure and correlate the facial infant traits of children's image with positive perceptions, competitive and cooperative behaviors in the game toward these children by subjects of different ages. The subjects and method were the same used in the first publication, adding the traits' measurement. The study is innovative by showing that the perception and frequency of competition and helping vary according to the intensity of certain baby schema traits in all age groups. Among children 8-9 years old the traits correlated to the perception of cuteness, among the adolescents they were related to both the positive perception and competition inhibition. In adults, the traits correlated with more help. The fourth publication is a technical note describing datasets of facial images of children and adults available for scientific research. In summary, this thesis showed that across the lifespan, individuals tend to act more cooperatively with small children, evaluate them more positively and that specific infant traits influence the decreased competitiveness and increased cooperation. It is understood that several cognitive and behavioral adaptations were favored during human evolution to promote care and protection of immature individuals, especially considering the high level of dependency and long-term care required by our infants.

Este trabalho tem por objetivo verificar em que medida a representação da identidade gaúcha na obra O Continente (1a parte da Trilogia O Tempo e o Vento), de Erico Verissimo, contribui para a implantação, a continuidade ou a desconstrução do mito do gaúcho heróico, uma vez que as obras de muitos intelectuais, historiadores, críticos e escritores contribuíram para forjar a idéia de um povo heróico que desbravou ambientes inóspitos, delimitou as fronteiras do sul e escreveu sua história à ponta de lança.