Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T15:52:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Devido aos problemas relacinados com o gerenciamento e o raciocínio em grandes ontologias, um forte interesse e uma conseqüente investigação ativa em modularização de ontologias vem emergindo na comunidade científica relacionada à Web Semântica. Uma vez que muitas ontologias são preferivelmente grandes artefatos, para uma adoção em grande escala das mesmas, por exemplo, na Web Semântica, é necessário permitir que desenvolvedores de ontologias possam incluir apenas as entidades e axiomas que são relevantes para a aplicação que estão a desenvolver. Além da reutilização, o uso de modularização de ontologias é útil para muitas outras tarefas, incluindo suporte a queries, raciocínio distribuído, desenvolvimento em grande escala e manutenção de ontologias. Alguns abordagens para modularização têm sido propostas, no entanto nemhuma delas dispõe de uma ferramenta flexível que permita não só definição de módulos, mas também outros tipos de tarefas, como análise sintática e semântica, biblioteca de módulos e uma poderosa ferramenta para seleção de entidades. Esta dissertação propõe um conjunto de ferramentas, chamado ModOnto, para cumprir esses requisitos. Incorpora uma abordagem para modularização de ontologias que herda alguns dos princípios de Engenharia de Software Orientada para Objeto, que são o encapsulamento e o ocultamento de informação

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T15:54:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo1991_1.pdf: 2164656 bytes, checksum: 1155c56e11920c8db2f44538c0dec97f (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Em ambientes corporativos e heterogêneos, o compartilhamento de recursos para a resolução de problemas é fortemente associado à segurança da informação. Um aspecto crítico a ser considerado para as organizações é a exigência de uma eficaz e eficiente aquisição e distribuição de conhecimento a respeito de riscos, vulnerabilidades e ameaças que podem ser, portanto, exploradas e causar incidentes de segurança e impactar negativamente nos negócios. Os diversos ambientes de atuação humana necessitam de meios transparentes para planejar e gerenciar problemas relacionados à segurança da informação. Há um aumento significativo na complexidade de se projetar e planejar segurança necessitando que meios de manipulação da informação sejam adotados. Para isso, esta dissertação propõe uma ontologia para este domínio de segurança computacional, denominada CoreSec. O estudo visa demonstrar que uma vez que o conhecimento é formalizado, é possível reusá-lo, realizar inferência, processá-lo computacionalmente, como também torna-se passível de comunicação entre seres humanos e agentes inteligentes. Nossa proposta considera que a segurança da informação será mais eficiente se esta for baseada em um modelo formal de informações do domínio, tal como uma ontologia, podendo ser aplicada para auxiliar as atividades dos responsáveis de segurança, na análise e avaliação de riscos, elicitação de requisitos de segurança, análise de vulnerabilidades e desenvolvimento de ontologias mais específicas para o domínio de segurança da informação

The study lies within in the realm of architectural theory and considers the ontology of interior design by investigating the marginalisation of the discipline within the architectural profession. The discipline is personified and placed in a dialectic relationship with architecture. This enables the researcher to disengage interior design from architecture and, by stating the disciplines as ‘absolute Others’ the researcher is allowed to essentialise the disciplines in question. The research was conducted with a liberal plural meta-theoretical approach and can best be described as a heuristic enquiry. In this situation neither the objective realm, nor the researcher’s subjectivity is the primary focus. Literature studies were employed to identify relevant architectural theories to supply the necessary empirical material. The dissertation is presented as object-relations oriented criticism and follows a subversive strategy to allow the researcher to inscribe his self-identification as an interior designer. The findings are presented as a negative depiction of the status quo. This can be summarised as a situation where the existence of a dialectic opposite pair (‘interior design’: ‘architecture’) is the main obstacle in the establishment of a discrete identity for interior design. The dialectic pair is deconstructed to allow interior design to form its own identity without reference to architecture. The study concludes that interior design and architecture are not separate professions, since they are unable to establish discrete, autonomous fields of knowledge; they are, however, distinct disciplines or ‘branches of learning’. The study defines interior design as a mode of cultural production which engages in the design of enclosed spaces in existing structures, with emphasis on the design of volume. In addition, the study proposes the creation of a single architectural profession to contain the architectural disciplines. / Dissertation (MInt (Research))--University of Pretoria, 2011. / Architecture / unrestricted

In this thesis, the nature and extent of practitioners' dissatisfaction with the psychotherapy research literature will first be described. A case will be made that a deeper analysis needs to be conducted to fully understand this dissatisfaction. Next, this dissatisfaction will be framed in the context of a particular ontology that seems to have largely contributed to it. Most importantly, several features of this ontology will be described and connected to practitioners' dissatisfaction. Finally, an alternative framework for understanding practitioners' dissatisfaction will be tentatively proposed, and it will be suggested that this alternative could help researchers and practitioners understand their dissatisfaction with one another and lead to a more fruitful dialogue.

The Platonic ontology and the participation scheme have been 'dissected' and reformulated by many scholars. The specific elements and dynamics of 'participation' have been continuing subjects of controversy in Platonic studies. This project is not intended to ratify Plato's doctrine of participation in order that it be 'corrected' . Rather, the thesis focuses on the examination of the details of the ontoloqy which Plato provides in the dialogues themselves. As he was developing the Theory of Forms and the relationships between the primary ontological entities, he recognized certain inconsistencies that spurred him on to readjust the theory. It is in the spirit of discovering the true elements of the reformed participation story that this thesis was developed. In a study of two dissenting interpretations of Plato's ontolgoy (the bipartite and tripartite interpretations), the tripartite ontology offers solutions to some of the more significant problems arising from the bipartite interpretation. The tripartite incorporation of an immanent character, along with the textual evidence supporting this interpretation, are integral to the proper elucidation of Plato's ratified participation story. Beyond unfolding Plato's immanent character it is important to understand the nature of this distinct (though not separate) entity, and the role it performs in the later ontology. It is with the desire to present the textual support for, and details of, the immanent character that this thesis diverges from traditional Plato scholarship. / Thesis / Master of Arts (MA)

The Platonic ontology and the participation scheme have been 'dissected' and reformulated by many scholars. The specific elements and dynamics of 'participation' have been continuing subjects of controversy in Platonic studies. This project is not intended to ratify Plato's doctrine of participation in order that it be 'corrected' . Rather, the thesis focuses on the examination of the details of the ontoloqy which Plato provides in the dialogues themselves. As he was developing the Theory of Forms and the relationships between the primary ontological entities, he recognized certain inconsistencies that spurred him on to readjust the theory. It is in the spirit of discovering the true elements of the reformed participation story that this thesis was developed. In a study of two dissenting interpretations of Plato's ontolgoy (the bipartite and tripartite interpretations), the tripartite ontology offers solutions to some of the more significant problems arising from the bipartite interpretation. The tripartite incorporation of an immanent character, along with the textual evidence supporting this interpretation, are integral to the proper elucidation of Plato's ratified participation story. Beyond unfolding Plato's immanent character it is important to understand the nature of this distinct (though not separate) entity, and the role it performs in the later ontology. It is with the desire to present the textual support for, and details of, the immanent character that this thesis diverges from traditional Plato scholarship. / Thesis / Master of Arts (MA)

To achieve the dream of the semantic web, it must be possible for ordinary users to invoke services. It is clear that users need simple-to-invoke-and-use services. This dissertation offers an ontological approach to declaratively create services that users can invoke using free-form, natural-language-like specifications. Our approach uses task ontologies as foundational knowledge. A task ontology consists of a domain ontology and a process ontology. The domain ontology encodes domain information such as possible constraints and instances in terms of object sets, relationship sets among these object sets, and operations over values in object sets and relationship sets. The process ontology consists of generic processes that are domain independent-coded once and work for all. Our system recognizes the constraints in a service request, discovers any missing information and obtains it from users, and formalizes the constraints in the context of the domain ontology. The system satisfies the constraints by obtaining information from databases associated with the domain ontology and providing users with solutions or near solutions when there is no way to satisfy all the constraints. Our experiments with our prototype implementation show that our approach can create services that satisfy end-user needs.

Individuals and societies have long struggled to understand and confront, by constructive means, the nemesis of addiction. No other human ill has provoked more concern, accounted for more suffering, or elicited greater consequence than addiction in all its diverse forms. Although alcoholism and drug abuse symbolize the traditional essence of addiction; compulsive sexuality, pathological gambling, eating disorders, tobacco use, etc., are also believed to have addictive properties according to contemporary concepts. Numerous commendable theories and therapies have been offered down through history to explain and mediate addictions conceptually enigmatic and therapeutically resistant nature. As this paper will clarify, many of these time-honored conceptions and resultant treatments of addiction have been inclined to proceed from a particular philosophical perspective known as abstractionism. The first purpose of this dissertation, therefore, is to explore and analyze the influence of abstractionist ideologies in addiction theory and therapy. Further on, this paper will suggest an alternate theory of addiction that derives its meaning and significance from a philosophical basis known as relationality. A relational perspective of addiction theory and treatment will be proposed along with a number of therapeutic suggestions.

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